{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970.json",
  "id": "ukpga/1970/31",
  "title": "Administration of Justice Act 1970",
  "short_title": "Administration of Justice Act 1970",
  "long_title": "An Act to make further provision about the courts (including assizes), their business, jurisdiction and procedure; to enable a High Court judge to accept appointment as arbitrator or umpire under an arbitration agreement; to amend the law respecting the enforcement of debt and other liabilities; to amend section 106 of the Rent Act 1968; and for miscellaneous purposes connected with the administration of justice.",
  "citation": "1970 c. 31",
  "type": "ukpga",
  "year": "1970",
  "number": "31",
  "version": "current",
  "date": "1970-05-29",
  "revised": true,
  "valid_from": "2025-04-06",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "unapplied_effects": 2,
  "provisions": [
    {
      "path": "introduction",
      "kind": "introduction",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Introductory text",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/introduction",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "part/I",
      "kind": "part",
      "number": "I",
      "heading": "Courts and Judges",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "part/I/crossheading/high-court",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "High Court",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/1",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "1",
      "heading": "Redistribution of business among divisions of the High Court.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-1",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I/crossheading/high-court"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/2",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "2",
      "heading": "Admiralty Court.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-2",
      "extent": "E+W+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I/crossheading/high-court"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/3",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "3",
      "heading": "Commercial Court.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-3",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/I/crossheading/high-court"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/4",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "4",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-4",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/I/crossheading/high-court"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/5",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "5",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-5",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/I/crossheading/high-court"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/6",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "6",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-6",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/I/crossheading/high-court"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/7",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "7—8",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-7",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/I/crossheading/high-court"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/I/crossheading/court-of-appeal",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Court of Appeal",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/9",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "9",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-9",
      "extent": null,
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/I/crossheading/court-of-appeal"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/I/crossheading/patents-and-registered-designs-appeal-tribunals",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Patents and Registered Designs Appeal Tribunals",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/10",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "10",
      "heading": "Temporary additional judges.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-10",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I/crossheading/patents-and-registered-designs-appeal-tribunals"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II",
      "kind": "part",
      "number": "II",
      "heading": "Enforcement of Debt",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/crossheading/provisions-restricting-sanction-of-imprisonment",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Provisions restricting sanction of imprisonment",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/11",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "11",
      "heading": "Restriction on power of committal under Debtors Act 1869 (c. 62).",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-11",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/crossheading/provisions-restricting-sanction-of-imprisonment"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/12",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "12",
      "heading": "Restriction on magistrates’ power of committal for civil debt.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-12",
      "extent": null,
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/II/crossheading/provisions-restricting-sanction-of-imprisonment"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/13",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "13—26",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-13",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/II/crossheading/provisions-restricting-sanction-of-imprisonment"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/crossheading/enforcement-by-attachment-of-earnings",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Enforcement by attachment of earnings",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/27",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "27",
      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-27",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/crossheading/enforcement-by-attachment-of-earnings"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/28",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "28",
      "heading": "Other provisions for interpretation of Part II.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-28",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/crossheading/enforcement-by-attachment-of-earnings"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/crossheading/supplementary",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Supplementary",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/29",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "29",
      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-29",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/crossheading/supplementary"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/30",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "30",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-30",
      "extent": null,
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/II/crossheading/supplementary"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/III",
      "kind": "part",
      "number": "III",
      "heading": "Discovery and Related Procedures",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "section/31",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "31",
      "heading": "Power of court to order disclosure, etc. of documents before commencement of proceedings.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-31",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/32",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "32",
      "heading": "Extension of existing powers of court to order disclosure of documents,inspection of property, etc.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-32",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/33",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "33",
      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-33",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/34",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "34",
      "heading": "Application of ss.31 to 33 to county courts and High Court in Northern Ireland.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-34",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/35",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "35",
      "heading": "Application to Crown.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-35",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/IV",
      "kind": "part",
      "number": "IV",
      "heading": "Actions by Mortgagees for Possession",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "section/36",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "36",
      "heading": "Additional powers of court in action by mortgagee for possession of dwelling-house.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-36",
      "extent": "E+W+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/37",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "37, 38",
      "heading": "Exclusive jurisdiction of county court in certain mortgage actions.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-37",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/38A",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "38A",
      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-38A",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/39",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "39",
      "heading": "Interpretation of Part IV.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-39",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/V",
      "kind": "part",
      "number": "V",
      "heading": "Miscellaneous Provisions",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "section/40",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "40",
      "heading": "Punishment for unlawful harassment of debtors.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-40",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/V"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/41",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "41",
      "heading": "Recovery of costs and compensation awarded by magistrates, assizes, quarter sessions, etc.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-41",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/V"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/42",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "42",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-42",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/V"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/43",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "43",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-43",
      "extent": null,
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/V"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/44",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "44",
      "heading": "Interest on judgment debts.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-44",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/V"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/44A",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "44A",
      "heading": "Interest on judgment debts expressed in currencies other than sterling.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-44A",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/V"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/45",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "45",
      "heading": "Removal of limit on number of county court judges assignable to a district and of certain registrars appointed jointly.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-45",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/V"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/46",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "46",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-46",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/V"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/47",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "47",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-47",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/V"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/48",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "48",
      "heading": "Variation in rate of payments in maintenance order registered in magistrates’ court.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-48",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/V"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/49",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "49",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-49",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/V"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/50",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "50",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-50",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/V"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/51",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "51",
      "heading": "Minor amendments of Children and Young Persons Act 1969 (c. 54).",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-51",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/V"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/VI",
      "kind": "part",
      "number": "VI",
      "heading": "General",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "section/52",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "52",
      "heading": "Financial provisions.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-52",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/VI"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/53",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "53",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-53",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/VI"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/54",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "54",
      "heading": "Citation, interpretation, repeals, commencement and extent.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/section-54",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/VI"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1",
      "kind": "schedule",
      "number": "1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/schedule-1",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/2",
      "kind": "schedule",
      "number": "2",
      "heading": "AMENDMENT OF ENACTMENTS CONSEQUENTIAL ON SECTION 1",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/2/paragraph/1",
      "kind": "paragraph",
      "number": "1",
      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/schedule-2/paragraph-1",
      "extent": null,
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "schedule/2"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/2/crossheading/the-maintenance-orders-facilities-for-enforcement-act-1920-c-33",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "The Maintenance Orders (Facilities for Enforcement) Act 1920 (c. 33)",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/2"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/2/paragraph/2",
      "kind": "paragraph",
      "number": "2",
      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/schedule-2/paragraph-2",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/2/crossheading/the-maintenance-orders-facilities-for-enforcement-act-1920-c-33"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/2/crossheading/the-administration-of-estates-act-1925-c23",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "The Administration of Estates Act 1925 (c.23)",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/2"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/2/paragraph/3",
      "kind": "paragraph",
      "number": "3",
      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/schedule-2/paragraph-3",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/2/crossheading/the-administration-of-estates-act-1925-c23"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/2/paragraph/4",
      "kind": "paragraph",
      "number": "4",
      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/schedule-2/paragraph-4",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/2/crossheading/the-administration-of-estates-act-1925-c23"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/2/paragraph/5",
      "kind": "paragraph",
      "number": "5",
      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/schedule-2/paragraph-5",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "schedule/2/crossheading/the-administration-of-estates-act-1925-c23"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/2/crossheading/the-supreme-court-of-judicature-consolidation-act-1925-c-49",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "The Supreme Court of Judicature (Consolidation) Act 1925 (c. 49)",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/administration-of-justice-act-1970/schedule-2/crossheading-the-supreme-court-of-judicature-consolidation-act-1925-c-49",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "schedule/2"
    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/2/paragraph/6",
      "kind": "paragraph",
      "number": "6",
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