{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/civil-procedure-rules-1998/part-21",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/civil-procedure-rules-1998/part-21.json",
  "legislation": "uksi/1998/3132",
  "legislation_title": "The Civil Procedure Rules 1998",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/civil-procedure-rules-1998",
  "path": "part/21",
  "kind": "part",
  "number": "21",
  "heading": "CHILDREN AND PROTECTED PARTIES",
  "text": "Contents of this Part\nScope of this Part\nRule 21.1\nRequirement for a litigation friend in proceedings by or against children and protected parties\nRule 21.2\nStage of proceedings at which a litigation friend becomes necessary\nRule 21.3\nWho may be a litigation friend without a court order\nRule 21.4\nHow a person becomes a litigation friend without a court order\nRule 21.5\nHow a person becomes a litigation friend by court order\nRule 21.6\nCourt’s power to change a litigation friend and to prevent a person acting as a litigation friend\nRule 21.7\nAppointment of a litigation friend by court order- supplementary\nRule 21.8\nProcedure where appointment of a litigation friend ceases\nRule 21.9\nCompromise etc. by or on behalf of a child or protected party\nRule 21.10\nControl of money recovered by or on behalf of a child or protected party\nRule 21.11\nCosts and expenses incurred by a litigation friend\nRule 21.12\nAppointment of a guardian of a child’s estate\nRule 21.13",
  "extent": null,
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "Pt. 21 substituted (1.10.2007) by The Civil Procedure (Amendment) Rules 2007 (S.I. 2007/2204), rule 1, Sch. 2"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F2",
      "text": "Words in Pt. 21 Table of Contents substituted (6.4.2023) by The Civil Procedure (Amendment) Rules 2023 (S.I. 2023/105), rules 1(1), 14(1)"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C1",
      "text": "Pt. 21 applied (1.11.2009) by The Water Industry (Special Administration) Rules 2009 (S.I. 2009/2477), rules 2, 97"
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/3132/part/21",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-29T11:12:59.276840+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}