{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/civil-procedure-rules-1998/part-45",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/civil-procedure-rules-1998/part-45.json",
  "legislation": "uksi/1998/3132",
  "legislation_title": "The Civil Procedure Rules 1998",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/civil-procedure-rules-1998",
  "path": "part/45",
  "kind": "part",
  "number": "45",
  "heading": "FIXED COSTS",
  "text": "Contents of this Part\nTitle\nNumber\nI GENERAL PROVISIONS\nScope of this Part\nRule 45.1\nVAT\nRule 45.2\nAdditional costs for work in specified areas (‘London weighting’)\nRule 45.3\nLitigants in person\nRule 45.4\nEntitlement to costs - more than one claimant\nRule 45.5\nDefendants’ costs - assessment\nRule 45.6\nCounterclaims\nRule 45.7\nPre-action and interim applications\nRule 45.8\nClaims for an amount of costs exceeding fixed recoverable costs\nRule 45.9\nClaims for an amount of costs exceeding fixed recoverable costs - vulnerability\nRule 45.10\nFailure to achieve costs greater than fixed recoverable costs\nRule 45.11\nCosts of the costs-only proceedings or the detailed assessment\nRule 45.12\nUnreasonable behaviour\nRule 45.13\nCosts consequences on reconsideration of track or complexity band\nRule 45.14\nCosts consequences where rules 36.23 or 36.24 apply\nRule 45.15\nRestoration proceedings\n45.15A\nII COMMENCEMENT, ENTRY OF JUDGMENT AND ENFORCEMENT\nScope and application\nRule 45.16\nAmount of fixed commencement costs in a claim for the recovery of money or goods\nRule 45.17\nWhen defendant only liable for fixed commencement costs\nRule 45.18\nFixed costs on entry of judgment in a claim for the recovery of money or goods\nRule 45.19\nAmount of fixed commencement costs in a claim for the recovery of land (including possession) or a demotion claim or prohibited conduct standard contract claim (Wales)\nRule 45.20\nFixed costs on entry of judgment in a claim for the recovery of land (including possession) or a demotion claim or prohibited conduct standard contract claim (Wales)\nRule 45.21\nMiscellaneous fixed costs\nRule 45.22\nFixed costs of enforcement\nRule 45.23\nIII HM REVENUE AND CUSTOMS\nScope, interpretation and application\nRule 45.24\nAmount of fixed commencement costs in a County Court claim for the recovery of money conducted by an HMRC Officer\nRule 45.25\nFixed costs on entry of judgment in a county court claim for recovery of money conducted by an HMRC Officer\nRule 45.26\nIV THE PRE ACTION PROTOCOLS FOR LOW VALUE PERSONAL INJURY CLAIMS IN ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS AND LOW VALUE PERSONAL INJURY (EMPLOYERS’ LIABILITY AND PUBLIC LIABILITY) CLAIMS\nScope and interpretation\nRule 45.27\nApplication of fixed costs and disbursements\nRule 45.28\nAmount of fixed costs\nRule 45.29\nWhere the claimant obtains judgment for an amount more than the defendant’s relevant Protocol offer\nRule 45.30\nSettlement at Stage 2 or Stage 3 where the claimant is a child\nRule 45.31\nWhere the court orders that the claim is not suitable to be determined under the Stage 3 procedure and the claimant is a child\nRule 45.32\nSettlement before proceedings are issued under Stage 3\nRule 45.33\nAdditional advice on value of claim\nRule 45.34\nFailure to comply or electing not to continue with the relevant Protocol - costs consequences\nRule 45.35\nWhere the parties have settled after proceedings have started\nRule 45.36\nWhere the claimant obtains judgment for an amount equal to or less than the defendant’s RTA Protocol offer\nRule 45.37\nAdjournment\nRule 45.38\nAccount of payment of Stage 1 fixed costs\nRule 45.39\nCosts-only application after a claim is started under Part 8 in accordance with Practice Direction 49F\nRule 45.40\nV THE PRE-ACTION PROTOCOL FOR PERSONAL INJURY CLAIMS BELOW THE SMALL CLAIMS LIMIT IN ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS\nFailure to comply with, or electing not to continue under, the RTA Small Claims Protocol\nRule 45.41\nClaims which do not continue under the RTA Small Claims Protocol\nRule 45.42\nVI FIXED COSTS IN THE FAST TRACK\nScope\nRule 45.43\nAmount of fixed costs\nRule 45.44\nFixed costs\nRule 45.45\nSpecialist legal advice\nRule 45.46\nAdvice obtained in claims started under the RTA Protocol or the EL/PL Protocol\nRule 45.47\nPreliminary issue or separate trial\nRule 45.48\nVII FIXED COSTS IN THE INTERMEDIATE TRACK\nScope\nRule 45.49\nAmount of fixed costs\nRule 45.50\nPreliminary issue or separate trial\nRule 45.51\nVIII CLAIMS FOR NOISE INDUCED HEARING LOSS\nScope\nrule 45.52\nAmount of fixed costs\nrule 45.53\nMore than one defendant\nrule 45.54\nPreliminary issues trials\nrule 45.55\n. . .\n. . .\nIX DISBURSEMENTS\nScope of this Section\nrule 45.57\nDisbursements - Section IV\nrule 45.58\nDisbursements - Section VI\nrule 45.59\nDisbursements - Section VII\nrule 45.60\nDisbursements - Section VIII\nrule 45.61\nSoft tissue injury and whiplash injury claims\nrule 45.62\nX FIXED COSTS DETERMINATION\nSummary determination after hearing\nRule 45.63\nDetermination where all parties agree on all issues except costs\nRule 45.64\nCourt’s power to direct assessment in conjunction with fixed costs determination\nRule 45.65\nNon-application of Part 36\nRule 45.66",
  "extent": null,
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "Pt. 45 substituted (1.10.2023) by The Civil Procedure (Amendment No. 2) Rules 2023 (S.I. 2023/572), rule 1(1), Sch. 3 (with rule 2)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F2",
      "text": "Words in Pt. 45 Table of Contents inserted (6.4.2024) by The Civil Procedure (Amendment) Rules 2024 (S.I. 2024/106), rules 1(1), 9(1)(a)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F3",
      "text": "Words in Pt. 45 Table of Contents omitted (6.4.2024) by virtue of The Civil Procedure (Amendment) Rules 2024 (S.I. 2024/106), rules 1(1), 9(1)(b)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F4",
      "text": "Words in Pt. 45 Table of Contents inserted (1.10.2024) by The Civil Procedure (Amendment No. 3) Rules 2024 (S.I. 2024/839), rules 1(1), 11(1)"
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/3132/part/45",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-29T11:12:59.276840+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}