{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/civil-procedure-rules-1998/rule-22.1",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/civil-procedure-rules-1998/rule-22.1.json",
  "legislation": "uksi/1998/3132",
  "legislation_title": "The Civil Procedure Rules 1998",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/civil-procedure-rules-1998",
  "path": "rule/22.1",
  "kind": "rule",
  "number": "22.1",
  "heading": "Documents to be verified by a statement of truth",
  "text": "(1) The following documents must be verified by a statement of truth—\n(a) a statement of case;\n(b) a witness statement;\n(c) an acknowledgement of service in a claim using the Part 8 procedure;\n(d) a certificate of service;\n(e) a contempt application under Part 81; and\n(f) any other document where a rule or practice direction requires.\n(2) Where a statement of case is amended, the amendments must be verified by a statement of truth unless the court orders otherwise.\n...\n(3) If an applicant wishes to rely on matters set out in their application notice as evidence, it must be verified by a statement of truth.\n(4) A statement of truth is a statement that the maker believes the facts stated in the document to which the statement refers are true.\n(5) If a party has a litigation friend, the statement of truth in a statement of case or an application notice is a statement that the litigation friend believes the facts stated in it are true.\n(6) The statement of truth must be signed by—\n(a) in the case of a statement of case, a notice of objections to an account being taken by the court or an application—\n(i) the party or litigation friend; or\n(ii) the legal representative on behalf of the party or litigation friend; and\n(b) in the case of a witness statement, the maker of the statement.\n(7) A statement of truth which is not contained in the document which it verifies, must clearly identify that document.\n(8) A statement of truth in a statement of case may be made by—\n(a) a person who is not a party; or\n(b) by two parties jointly,\nwhere this is permitted by a relevant practice direction.\n(9) Where a document containing a statement of truth is to be signed by a person who is unable to read or sign the document other than by reason of language alone—\n(a) it must contain a certificate made by an authorised person (who is able to administer oaths and take affidavits but need not be independent of the parties or their representatives); and\n(b) the authorised person must certify that—\n(i) the document has been read to the person approving it;\n(ii) that person appeared to understand it and approved its content as accurate;\n(iii) the declaration of truth has been read to that person;\n(iv) that person appeared to understand the declaration and the consequences of making a false declaration; and\n(v) that person signed or made their mark in the presence of the authorised person.",
  "extent": "E+W",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "Rule 22.1(1) substituted (1.10.2023 immediately after S.I. 2023/572 comes into force) by The Civil Procedure (Amendment No. 3) Rules 2023 (S.I. 2023/788), rules 1(1), 13(1)(a)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F2",
      "text": "Words in rule 22.1 omitted (1.10.2023 immediately after S.I. 2023/572 comes into force) by virtue of The Civil Procedure (Amendment No. 3) Rules 2023 (S.I. 2023/788), rules 1(1), 13(1)(b)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F3",
      "text": "Word in rule 22.1(3) substituted (1.10.2023 immediately after S.I. 2023/572 comes into force) by The Civil Procedure (Amendment No. 3) Rules 2023 (S.I. 2023/788), rules 1(1), 13(1)(c)(i)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F4",
      "text": "Word in rule 22.1(3) substituted (1.10.2023 immediately after S.I. 2023/572 comes into force) by The Civil Procedure (Amendment No. 3) Rules 2023 (S.I. 2023/788), rules 1(1), 13(1)(c)(ii)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F5",
      "text": "Rule 22.1(4)(5) substituted (1.10.2023 immediately after S.I. 2023/572 comes into force) by The Civil Procedure (Amendment No. 3) Rules 2023 (S.I. 2023/788), rules 1(1), 13(1)(d)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F6",
      "text": "Words in rule 22.1(6)(a) substituted (1.10.2023 immediately after S.I. 2023/572 comes into force) by The Civil Procedure (Amendment No. 3) Rules 2023 (S.I. 2023/788), rules 1(1), 13(1)(e)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F7",
      "text": "Rule 22.1(9) inserted (1.10.2023 immediately after S.I. 2023/572 comes into force) by The Civil Procedure (Amendment No. 3) Rules 2023 (S.I. 2023/788), rules 1(1), 13(1)(f)"
    },
    {
      "type": "I",
      "label": "I1",
      "text": "Rule 22.1 in force at 26.4.1999, see Signature"
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/3132/rule/22.1",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-29T11:12:59.276840+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}