{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/civil-procedure-rules-1998/rule-31.9",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/civil-procedure-rules-1998/rule-31.9.json",
  "legislation": "uksi/1998/3132",
  "legislation_title": "The Civil Procedure Rules 1998",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/civil-procedure-rules-1998",
  "path": "rule/31.9",
  "kind": "rule",
  "number": "31.9",
  "heading": "Disclosure of copies",
  "text": "(1) A party need not disclose more than one copy of a document.\n(2) A copy of a document that contains a modification, obliteration or other marking or feature—\n(a) on which a party intends to rely; or\n(b) which adversely affects their own case or another party’s case or supports another party’s case;\nshall be treated as a separate document.\n(Rule 31.4 sets out the meaning of a copy of a document)",
  "extent": "E+W",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "Word in rule 31.9(2)(b) substituted (1.10.2026) by The Civil Procedure (Amendment No. 2) Rules 2026 (S.I. 2026/817), rules 1(3), 10(5)"
    },
    {
      "type": "I",
      "label": "I1",
      "text": "Rule 31.9 in force at 26.4.1999, see Signature"
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/3132/rule/31.9",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-29T11:12:59.276840+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}