{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/copyright-designs-and-patents-act-1988/section-156",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/copyright-designs-and-patents-act-1988/section-156.json",
  "legislation": "ukpga/1988/48",
  "legislation_title": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/copyright-designs-and-patents-act-1988",
  "path": "section/156",
  "kind": "section",
  "number": "156",
  "heading": "Qualification by reference to place of transmission.",
  "text": "(1) A broadcast qualifies for copyright protection if it is made from ... a place in—\n(a) the United Kingdom, ... the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Gibraltar, or\n(b) a country to which the relevant provisions of this Part extend.\n(2) Where, or so far as, provision is made by Order under section 159 (application of this Part to countries to which it does not extend), a broadcast ... also qualifies for copyright protection if it is made from ... a place in a country to which the Order relates.",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "Words in s. 156(1)(2) repealed (31.10.2003) by The Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003 (S.I. 2003/2498), reg. 2(2), Sch. 2 (with regs. 31-40)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F2",
      "text": "Words in s. 156(1)(a) inserted (1.12.2016 for specified purposes, 6.4.2017 in so far as not already in force) by Intellectual Property Act 2014 (c. 18), ss. 22(3)(a), 24(1); S.I. 2016/1139, arts. 2, 3 (with art. 4)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F3",
      "text": "Words in s. 156(1)(a) omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Intellectual Property (Copyright and Related Rights) (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/605), regs. 1(2), 16 (with reg. 38) (as amended by S.I. 2020/1050, regs. 1(2), 4); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F4",
      "text": "Words in s. 156(1)(b) substituted (1.12.2016 for specified purposes, 6.4.2017 in so far as not already in force) by Intellectual Property Act 2014 (c. 18), ss. 22(3)(b), 24(1); S.I. 2016/1139, arts. 2, 3 (with art. 4)"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C1",
      "text": "S. 156 extended (1.7.1992) by S.I. 1992/1313, art. 2"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C2",
      "text": "S. 156 applied (with modifications) (4.5.1993) by S.I. 1993/942, art.4, 5, Sch. 4 (with art. 6)Ss. 153, 154, 156 applied (with modifications) (22.7.1999) by S.I. 1999/1751, arts. 4(1)(2)(5), 5 (as amended 22.4.2003 by S.I. 2003/774, arts. 2-5)"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C3",
      "text": "Pt. 1 extended (with modifications) (6.4.2017) by The Copyright and Performances (Application to Other Countries) Order 2016 (S.I. 2016/1219), arts. 1(1), 4 (with art. 13)"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C4",
      "text": "Pt. 1 restricted (6.4.2017) by The Copyright and Performances (Application to Other Countries) Order 2016 (S.I. 2016/1219), arts. 1(1), 6 (with art. 13)"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C5",
      "text": "Pt. 1 restricted (6.4.2017) by The Copyright and Performances (Application to Other Countries) Order 2016 (S.I. 2016/1219), arts. 1(1), 9 (with art. 13)"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C6",
      "text": "Pt. 1 extended (with modifications) (6.4.2017) by The Copyright and Performances (Application to Other Countries) Order 2016 (S.I. 2016/1219), arts. 1(1), 7 (with art. 13)"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C7",
      "text": "Pt. 1 restricted (6.4.2017) by The Copyright and Performances (Application to Other Countries) Order 2016 (S.I. 2016/1219), arts. 1(1), 2 (with art. 13)"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C8",
      "text": "Pt. 1 restricted (6.4.2017) by The Copyright and Performances (Application to Other Countries) Order 2016 (S.I. 2016/1219), arts. 1(1), 3 (with art. 13)"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C9",
      "text": "Pt. 1 extended (with modifications) (6.4.2017) by The Copyright and Performances (Application to Other Countries) Order 2016 (S.I. 2016/1219), arts. 1(1), 5, Sch. Pt. 1 (with art. 13)"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C10",
      "text": "Pt. 1 applied (with modifications) (6.4.2017) by The Copyright and Performances (Application to Other Countries) Order 2016 (S.I. 2016/1219), arts. 1(1), 8 (with art. 13)"
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/156",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-29T09:47:40.311838+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}