{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/copyright-designs-and-patents-act-1988/section-179",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/copyright-designs-and-patents-act-1988/section-179.json",
  "legislation": "ukpga/1988/48",
  "legislation_title": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/copyright-designs-and-patents-act-1988",
  "path": "section/179",
  "kind": "section",
  "number": "179",
  "heading": "Index of defined expressions.",
  "text": "The following Table shows provisions defining or otherwise explaining expressions used in this Part (other than provisions defining or explaining an expression used only in the same section)—\naccessible copy (in sections 31A to 31F)\nsection 31F(4)\naccount of profits and accounts (in Scotland)\nsection 177\nacts restricted by copyright\nsection 16(1)\nadaptation\nsection 21(3)\n. . .\n. . .\narchivist (in sections 40A to 43)\nsection 43A(5)\narticle (in a periodical)\nsection 178\nartistic work\nsection 4(1)\nassignment (in Scotland)\nsection 177\nauthor\nsections 9 and 10(3)\nauthorised body (in sections 31B to 31BB)\nsection 31F(6)\nbroadcast (and related expressions)\nsection 6\nbuilding\nsection 4(2)\nbusiness\nsection 178\n. . .\n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\ncollective work\nsection 178\ncommencement (in Schedule 1)\nparagraph 1(2) of that Schedule\ncommercial publication\nsection 175\ncommunication to the public\nsection 20\ncomputer-generated\nsection 178\nconducted for profit (in sections 40A to 43)\nsection 43A(4)\ncopy and copying\nsection 17\ncopyright (generally)\nsection 1\ncopyright (in Schedule 1)\nparagraph 2(2) of that Schedule\ncopyright owner\nsections 101(2) and 173\nCopyright Tribunal\nsection 145\ncopyright work\nsection 1(2)\ncosts (in Scotland)\nsection 177\ncountry\nsection 178\ncountry of origin\nsection 15A.\nthe Crown\nsection 178\nCrown copyright\nsections 163(2) and 164(3)\ncurator (in sections 40A to 43)\nsection 43A(5)\ndatabase\nsection 3A(1)\ndefendant (in Scotland)\nsection 177\ndelivery up (in Scotland)\nsection 177\ndisabled person (in sections 31A to 31F)\nsection 31F(2) and (3)\ndramatic work\nsection 3(1)\neducational establishment\nsections 174(1) to (4)\nelectronic and electronic form\nsection 178\nemployed, employee, employer and employment\nsection 178\nexcepted sound recording\nsection 72(1A)\nexclusive licence\nsection 92(1)\nthe EEA and EEA state\nsection 172A\nexisting works (in Schedule 1)\nparagraph 1(3) of that Schedule\nfacsimile copy\nsection 178\nfilm\nsection 5B\nfuture copyright\nsection 91(2)\ngeneral licence (in sections 140 and 141)\nsection 140(7)\ngraphic work\nsection 4(2)\ninfringing copy\nsection 27\ninjunction (in Scotland)\nsection 177\ninterlocutory relief (in Scotland)\nsection 177\ninternational organisation\nsection 178\nissue of copies to the public\nsection 18\njoint authorship (work of)\nsections 10(1) and (2)\njudicial proceedings\nsection 178\nlawful user (in sections 50A to 50C)\nsection 50A(2).\nlending\nsection 18A(2) to (6)\nlibrarian (in sections 40A to 43\nsection 43A(5)\nlibrary (in sections 40A to 43)\nsection 43A(2)\nlicence (in sections 125 to 128)\nsection 124\nlicence of copyright owner\nsections 90(4), 91(3) and 173\nlicensing body (in Chapter VII)\nsection 116(2)\nlicensing scheme (generally)\nsection 116(1)\nlicensing scheme (in sections 118 to 121)\nsection 117\nliterary work\nsection 3(1)\nmade (in relation to a literary, dramatic or musical work)\nsection 3(2)\nmuseum (in sections 40A to 43)\nsection 43A(3)\nmusical work\nsection 3(1)\nnational of the United Kingdom\nsection 178\nneedletime\nsection 135A\nthe new copyright provisions (in Schedule 1)\nparagraph 1(1) of that Schedule\nthe 1911 Act (in Schedule 1)\nparagraph 1(1) of that Schedule\nthe 1956 Act (in Schedule 1)\nparagraph 1(1) of that Schedule\non behalf of (in relation to an educational establishment)\nsection 174(5)\noriginal (in relation to a database)\nsection 3A(2)\nParliamentary copyright\nsections 165(2) and (7) 166(6) 166A(3) 166B(3) 166C(3) and 166D(3)\nparliamentary proceedings\nsection 178\nperformance\nsection 19(2)\nphotograph\nsection 4(2)\nplaintiff (in Scotland)\nsection 177\n. . .\n. . .\n. . .\n. . .\nprivate study\nsection 178\nproducer (in relation to a sound recording or film\nsection 178.\nprogramme (in the context of broadcasting)\nsection 6(3)\nprospective owner (of copyright)\nsection 91(2)\npublic library\nsection 178.\npublication and related expressions\nsection 175\npublished edition (in the context of copyright in the typographical arrangement)\nsection 8\npupil\nsection 174(5)\nrental\nsection 18A(2) to (6)\nrental right\nsection 178.\nreprographic copies and repographic copying\nsection 178\nreprographic process\nsection 178\nsculpture\nsection 4(2)\nsigned\nsection 176\nsound recording\nsections 5A and 135A\nsufficient acknowledgement\nsection 178\nsufficient disclaimer\nsection 178\nsupply (in sections 31B to 31BB)\nsection 31F(7)\nteacher\nsection 174(5)\ntelecommunications system\nsection 178\nterms of payment\nsection 135A\ntypeface\nsection 178\nunauthorised (as regards things done in relation to a work)\nsection 178\nunknown (in relation to the author of a work)\nsection 9(5)\nunknown authorship (work of)\nsection 9(4)\n. . .\n. . .\nwireless broadcast\nsection 178\nwireless telegraphy\nsection 178\nwork (in Schedule 1)\nparagraph 2(1) of that Schedule\nwork of more than one author (in Chapter VII)\nsection 116(4)\nwriting and written\nsection 178",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 substituted (1.6.2014) by The Copyright and Rights in Performances (Disability) Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/1384), reg. 1(1), Sch. para. 3(a)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F2",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 omitted (1.6.2014) by virtue of The Copyright and Rights in Performances (Disability) Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/1384), reg. 1(1), Sch. para. 3(c)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F3",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 substituted (1.6.2014) by The Copyright and Rights in Performances (Research, Education, Libraries and Archives) Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/1372), reg. 1, Sch. para. 6(a)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F4",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 inserted (1.6.2014) by The Copyright and Rights in Performances (Disability) Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/1384), reg. 1(1), Sch. para. 3(b)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F5",
      "text": "S. 179: entry for \"cable programme, cable programme service (and related expressions)\" repealed (31.10.2003) by The Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003 (S.I. 2003/2498), reg. 2(2), Sch. 2 (with regs. 31-40)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F6",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 repealed (31.10.2003) by The Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003 (S.I. 2003/2498), reg. 2(2), Sch. 2 (with regs. 32, 33)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F7",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 inserted (31.10.2003) by The Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003 (S.I. 2003/2498), reg. 2(1), Sch. 1 para. 15(4) (with regs. 31-40)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F8",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 inserted (1.6.2014) by The Copyright and Rights in Performances (Research, Education, Libraries and Archives) Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/1372), reg. 1, Sch. para. 6(c)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F9",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 inserted (1.1.1996) by S.I. 1995/3297, reg. 8(2) (with Pt. III)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F10",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 inserted (1.1.1998) by S.I. 1997/3032, reg. 11 (with Pt. IV)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F11",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 inserted (31.10.2003) by The Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003 (S.I. 2003/2498), reg. 21(7) (with regs. 31-40)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F12",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 substituted (29.4.2006) by The Intellectual Property (Enforcement, etc.) Regulations 2006 (S.I. 2006/1028), reg. 2(2), Sch. 2 para. 9"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F13",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 substituted (31.12.2020) by The Intellectual Property (Copyright and Related Rights) (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/605), regs. 1(2), 20(a) (with reg. 38) (as amended by S.I. 2020/1050, regs. 1(2), 4); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F14",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 inserted (1.1.1996) by S.I. 1995/3297, reg. 11(2) (with Pt. III)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F15",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 substituted (1.1.1996) by S.I. 1995/3297, reg. 9(5)(a) (with Pt. III)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F16",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 inserted (1.12.1996) by S.I. 1996/2967, reg. 9(6)(b) (with Pt. III)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F17",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 inserted (1.1.1993) by S.I. 1992/3233, reg. 9"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F18",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 inserted (1.12.1996) by S.I. 1996/2967, reg. 10(4) (with Pt. III)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F19",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 substituted (1.6.2014) by The Copyright and Rights in Performances (Research, Education, Libraries and Archives) Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/1372), reg. 1, Sch. para. 6(b)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F20",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 inserted (31.12.2020) by The Intellectual Property (Copyright and Related Rights) (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/605), regs. 1(2), 20(b) (with reg. 38) (as amended by S.I. 2020/1050, regs. 1(2), 4); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F21",
      "text": "Words inserted by Broadcasting Act 1990 (c.42, SIF 96), s. 175(3)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F22",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 substituted (6.5.1999) by 1998 c. 46, s. 125(1), Sch. 8 para. 25(8); S.I. 1998/3178, art. 2(2), Sch. 3"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F23",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 substituted (2.12.1999) by 1998 c. 47, s. 99, Sch. 13 para. 8(8) (with s. 95); S.I. 1999/3209, art. 2, Sch."
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F24",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 substituted by Government of Wales Act 2006 (c. 32), s. 160(1), Sch. 10 para. 30 (with Sch. 11 para. 22), the amending provision coming into force immediately after \"the 2007 election\" (held on 3.5.2007) subject to s. 161(4)(5) of the amending Act, which provides for certain provisions to come into force for specified purposes immediately after the end of \"the initial period\" (which ended with the day of the first appointment of a First Minister on 25.5.2007) - see ss. 46, 161(1)(4)(5) of the amending Act."
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F25",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 omitted (1.6.2014) by virtue of The Copyright and Rights in Performances (Research, Education, Libraries and Archives) Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/1372), reg. 1, Sch. para. 6(d)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F26",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 inserted (31.10.2003) by The Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003 (S.I. 2003/2498), reg. 2(1), Sch. 1 para. 15(4) (with regs. 31-40)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F27",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 inserted (1.12.1996 with effect in relation to films made on or after 1.7.1994) by S.I. 1996/2967, regs. 18(6), 36 (with Pt. III)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F28",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 inserted (1.12.1996) by S.I. 1996/2967, reg. 11(6) (with Pt. III)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F29",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 substituted (1.12.1996) by S.I. 1996/2967, reg. 10(4) (with Pt. III)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F30",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 substituted (1.1.1996) by S.I. 1995/3297, reg. 9(5)(b) (with Pt. III)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F31",
      "text": "Words in s. 179 inserted (31.10.2003) by The Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003 (S.I. 2003/2498), reg. 2(1), Sch. 1 para. 15(4) (with regs. 31-40)"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C1",
      "text": "Ss. 161, 162, 171(1)(3), 172-179 applied (1.12.1996) by S.I. 1996/2967, reg. 17(4) (with Pt. III)"
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/179",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-29T09:47:40.311838+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}