{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/copyright-designs-and-patents-act-1988/section-191J",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/copyright-designs-and-patents-act-1988/section-191J.json",
  "legislation": "ukpga/1988/48",
  "legislation_title": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/copyright-designs-and-patents-act-1988",
  "path": "section/191J",
  "kind": "section",
  "number": "191J",
  "heading": "Provisions as to damages in infringement action.",
  "text": "(1) Where in an action for infringement of a performer’s property rights it is shown that at the time of the infringement the defendant did not know, and had no reason to believe, that the rights subsisted in the recording to which the action relates, the plaintiff is not entitled to damages against him, but without prejudice to any other remedy.\n(2) The court may in an action for infringement of a performer’s property rights having regard to all the circumstances, and in particular to—\n(a) the flagrancy of the infringement, and\n(b) any benefit accruing to the defendant by reason of the infringement,\naward such additional damages as the justice of the case may require.",
  "extent": null,
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "Ss. 191A-191M inserted (1.12.1996) by S.I. 1996/2967, reg. 21(1) (with Pt. III)"
    },
    {
      "type": "X",
      "label": "X1",
      "text": "The insertion of the new headings \"Chapter 1 Introductory\", \"Chapter 2 Economic Rights\", \"Chapter 3 Moral Rights\" and \"Chapter 4 Qualification for Protection, Extent and Interpretation\" in Pt. II on 1.2.2006 gives rise to a change in the structure of this legislation on SLD which breaks the continuity of historical versions of the existing provisions which are now brought under those new headings."
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/191J",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-29T09:47:40.311838+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}