{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/copyright-designs-and-patents-act-1988/section-31F",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/copyright-designs-and-patents-act-1988/section-31F.json",
  "legislation": "ukpga/1988/48",
  "legislation_title": "Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/copyright-designs-and-patents-act-1988",
  "path": "section/31F",
  "kind": "section",
  "number": "31F",
  "heading": "Sections 31A to 31BB: interpretation and general",
  "text": "(1) This section supplements sections 31A to 31BB and includes definitions.\n(2) “Disabled person” means a person who has a physical or mental impairment which prevents the person from enjoying a copyright work to substantially the same degree as a person who does not have that impairment, and “disability” is to be construed accordingly.\n(3) But a person is not to be regarded as disabled by reason only of an impairment of visual function which can be improved, for example by the use of corrective lenses, to a level that is normally acceptable for reading without a special level or kind of light.\n(4) An “accessible copy” of a copyright work means a version of the work which enables disabled persons to access the work, including accessing it as feasibly and comfortably as a person who is not a disabled person.\n(5) An accessible copy—\n(a) may include facilities for navigating around the version of the work, but\n(b) must not include any changes to the work which are not necessary to overcome the problems suffered by the disabled persons for whom the accessible copy is intended.\n(6) “Authorised body” means—\n(a) an educational establishment, or\n(b) a body that is not conducted for profit.\n(7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\n(8) To the extent that a term of a contract purports to prevent or restrict the doing of any act which, by virtue of section 27, 31A, 31B or 31BA, would not infringe copyright, that term is unenforceable.",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "S. 31F substituted (1.6.2014) by The Copyright and Rights in Performances (Disability) Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/1384), regs. 1(1), 2(5) (with Sch. para. 9)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F2",
      "text": "Word in s. 31F(2) inserted (11.10.2018) by The Copyright and Related Rights (Marrakesh Treaty etc.) (Amendment) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/995), regs. 1(2), 8(2)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F3",
      "text": "Words in s. 31F(3) inserted (11.10.2018) by The Copyright and Related Rights (Marrakesh Treaty etc.) (Amendment) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/995), regs. 1(2), 8(3)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F4",
      "text": "Words in s. 31F(4) substituted (11.10.2018) by The Copyright and Related Rights (Marrakesh Treaty etc.) (Amendment) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/995), regs. 1(2), 8(4)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F5",
      "text": "S. 31F(7) omitted (11.10.2018) by virtue of The Copyright and Related Rights (Marrakesh Treaty etc.) (Amendment) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/995), regs. 1(2), 8(5)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F6",
      "text": "Word in s. 31F(8) inserted (11.10.2018) by The Copyright and Related Rights (Marrakesh Treaty etc.) (Amendment) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/995), regs. 1(2), 8(6)"
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/48/section/31F",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-29T09:47:40.311838+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}