{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997.json",
  "id": "ukpga/1997/43",
  "title": "Crime (Sentences) Act 1997",
  "short_title": "Crime (Sentences) Act 1997",
  "long_title": "An Act to make further provision with respect to the treatment of offenders; and for connected purposes.",
  "citation": "1997 c. 43",
  "type": "ukpga",
  "year": "1997",
  "number": "43",
  "version": "current",
  "date": "1997-03-21",
  "revised": true,
  "valid_from": "2026-06-01",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "unapplied_effects": 35,
  "provisions": [
    {
      "path": "introduction",
      "kind": "introduction",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Introductory text",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/introduction",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "part/I",
      "kind": "part",
      "number": "I",
      "heading": null,
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "section/1",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "1",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-1",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/2",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "2",
      "heading": "Mandatory life sentence for second serious offence.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-2",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/3",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "3",
      "heading": "Minimum of seven years for third class A drug trafficking offence.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-3",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/4",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "4",
      "heading": "Minimum of three years for third domestic burglary.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-4",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/5",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "5",
      "heading": "Appeals where previous convictions set aside.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-5",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/6",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "6",
      "heading": "Certificates of convictions for purposes of Part I.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-6",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/7",
      "kind": "section",
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      "heading": "Offences under service law.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-7",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II",
      "kind": "part",
      "number": "II",
      "heading": "Effect of custodial sentences",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/chapter/I",
      "kind": "chapter",
      "number": "I",
      "heading": "Determinate sentences",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/chapter/I/crossheading/general",
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      "number": null,
      "heading": "General",
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      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "section/8",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "8",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-8",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/II/chapter/I/crossheading/general"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/9",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "9",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-9",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/II/chapter/I/crossheading/general"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/9A",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "9A",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-9A",
      "extent": "E+W",
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    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/chapter/I/crossheading/early-release",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Early release",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
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      "parent": "part/II/chapter/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/10",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "10",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-10",
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      "path": "section/11",
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      "number": "11",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-11",
      "extent": "E+W",
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    },
    {
      "path": "section/12",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "12",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-12",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/II/chapter/I/crossheading/early-release"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/13",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "13",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-13",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/II/chapter/I/crossheading/early-release"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/chapter/I/crossheading/additional-days",
      "kind": "crossheading",
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      "heading": "Additional days",
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    },
    {
      "path": "section/14",
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      "number": "14",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-14",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/II/chapter/I/crossheading/additional-days"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/15",
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      "number": "15",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-15",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/II/chapter/I/crossheading/additional-days"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/chapter/I/crossheading/supervision-after-release",
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      "heading": "Supervision after release",
      "url": null,
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      "parent": "part/II/chapter/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/16",
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      "number": "16",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-16",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/II/chapter/I/crossheading/supervision-after-release"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/17",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "17",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-17",
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      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/II/chapter/I/crossheading/supervision-after-release"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/18",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "18",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-18",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/II/chapter/I/crossheading/supervision-after-release"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/chapter/I/crossheading/special-cases",
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      "number": null,
      "heading": "Special cases",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/chapter/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/19",
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      "number": "19",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-19",
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      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/II/chapter/I/crossheading/special-cases"
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    {
      "path": "section/20",
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      "number": "20",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-20",
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    },
    {
      "path": "section/21",
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      "number": "21",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-21",
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      "parent": "part/II/chapter/I/crossheading/special-cases"
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    {
      "path": "section/22",
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      "number": "22",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-22",
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      "path": "section/23",
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      "number": "23",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-23",
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    {
      "path": "section/24",
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      "number": "24",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-24",
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    {
      "path": "section/25",
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      "number": "25",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-25",
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      "parent": "part/II/chapter/I/crossheading/special-cases"
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    {
      "path": "part/II/chapter/I/crossheading/supplemental",
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      "heading": "Supplemental",
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    },
    {
      "path": "section/26",
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      "number": "26",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-26",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/II/chapter/I/crossheading/supplemental"
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    {
      "path": "section/27",
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      "number": "27",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-27",
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      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "part/II/chapter/I/crossheading/supplemental"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/chapter/II",
      "kind": "chapter",
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      "heading": "Life sentences",
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      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "chapter/II/crossheading/sentence-of-detention-during-her-majestys-pleasure-review-of-minimum-term",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Sentence of detention during Her Majesty’s pleasure: review of minimum term",
      "url": null,
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      "parent": "part/II/chapter/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/27A",
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      "heading": "Sentence of detention during Her Majesty’s pleasure imposed on a person under 18: application for minimum term review",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-27A",
      "extent": null,
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      "heading": "Power of High Court to reduce minimum term",
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      "extent": null,
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      "parent": "chapter/II/crossheading/sentence-of-detention-during-her-majestys-pleasure-review-of-minimum-term"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/chapter/II/crossheading/release-on-licence",
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    },
    {
      "path": "section/28",
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      "number": "28",
      "heading": "Duty to release certain life prisoners.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-28",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/chapter/II/crossheading/release-on-licence"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/28ZA",
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      "heading": "Public protection decisions",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-28ZA",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/chapter/II/crossheading/release-on-licence"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/28A",
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      "number": "28A",
      "heading": "Murder or manslaughter: prisoner's non-disclosure of information",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-28A",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/chapter/II/crossheading/release-on-licence"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/28B",
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      "heading": "Indecent images: prisoner's non-disclosure of information",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-28B",
      "extent": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "section/29",
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      "heading": "Power to release other life prisoners.",
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    {
      "path": "section/30",
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      "number": "30",
      "heading": "Power to release life prisoners on compassionate grounds.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-30",
      "extent": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/chapter/II/crossheading/licences-and-recall",
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      "heading": "Licences and recall",
      "url": null,
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      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/chapter/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/31",
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      "heading": "Duration and conditions of licences.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-31",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/chapter/II/crossheading/licences-and-recall"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/31A",
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      "heading": "Imprisonment or detention for public protection: termination of licences",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-31A",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "section/32",
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      "heading": "Recall of life prisoners while on licence.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-32",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "section/32ZZA",
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      "heading": "Imprisonment or detention for public protection: powers in relation to release of recalled prisoners",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-32ZZA",
      "extent": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "section/32ZA",
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      "heading": "Offence of remaining unlawfully at large after recall",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-32ZA",
      "extent": "E+W",
      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "chapter/II/crossheading/referral-of-release-decisions-to-high-court",
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      "number": null,
      "heading": "Referral of release decisions to High Court",
      "url": null,
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      "parent": "part/II/chapter/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/32ZAA",
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      "number": "32ZAA",
      "heading": "Referral of release decisions to High Court",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-32ZAA",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/II/crossheading/referral-of-release-decisions-to-high-court"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/32ZAB",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "32ZAB",
      "heading": "Specified offences",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-32ZAB",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/II/crossheading/referral-of-release-decisions-to-high-court"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/32ZAC",
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      "number": "32ZAC",
      "heading": "Powers of the High Court",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-32ZAC",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/II/crossheading/referral-of-release-decisions-to-high-court"
    },
    {
      "path": "chapter/II/crossheading/release-at-the-direction-of-parole-board",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Release at the direction of Parole Board",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
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      "parent": "part/II/chapter/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/32ZB",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "32ZB",
      "heading": "Release at direction of Parole Board: timing",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/section-32ZB",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "chapter/II/crossheading/release-at-the-direction-of-parole-board"
    },
    {
      "path": "chapter/II/crossheading/persons-liable-to-removal-from-the-united-kingdom",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Persons liable to removal from the United Kingdom",
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      "affected_provisions": "s. 34(1)",
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      "affecting_title": "Criminal Justice and Courts Services Act 2000",
      "affecting_provisions": "Sch. 7 para. 138"
    },
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      "type": null,
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      "affecting_title": "Criminal Justice and Courts Services Act 2000",
      "affecting_provisions": "Sch. 7 para. 139(a)"
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    {
      "type": null,
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      "affecting": "ukpga/2000/43",
      "affecting_title": "Criminal Justice and Courts Services Act 2000",
      "affecting_provisions": "Sch. 7 para. 139(b)"
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      "type": null,
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      "type": null,
      "affected_provisions": "s. 54(1)",
      "affecting": "ukpga/2000/43",
      "affecting_title": "Criminal Justice and Courts Services Act 2000",
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    },
    {
      "type": null,
      "affected_provisions": "s. 57(8)",
      "affecting": "ukpga/2000/43",
      "affecting_title": "Criminal Justice and Courts Services Act 2000",
      "affecting_provisions": "Sch. 7 para. 142"
    },
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      "type": null,
      "affected_provisions": "Sch. 5 para. 5",
      "affecting": "ukpga/2000/43",
      "affecting_title": "Criminal Justice and Courts Services Act 2000",
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    },
    {
      "type": null,
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      "affecting_title": "Criminal Justice and Courts Services Act 2000",
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      "type": "repealed",
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    },
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      "affecting_title": "Criminal Justice Act 2003",
      "affecting_provisions": "s. 303(b)(iii) Sch. 37 Pt. 7"
    },
    {
      "type": "words substituted",
      "affected_provisions": "s. 28(7)(c)",
      "affecting": "ukpga/2015/2",
      "affecting_title": "Criminal Justice and Courts Act 2015",
      "affecting_provisions": "s. 11(1)"
    },
    {
      "type": "inserted",
      "affected_provisions": "s. 34A",
      "affecting": "ukpga/2024/21",
      "affecting_title": "Victims and Prisoners Act 2024",
      "affecting_provisions": "s. 69"
    },
    {
      "type": "inserted",
      "affected_provisions": "s. 32ZZA(3A)",
      "affecting": "ukpga/2024/21",
      "affecting_title": "Victims and Prisoners Act 2024",
      "affecting_provisions": "s. 58(5)"
    },
    {
      "type": "power to amend or apply conferred by 2012 c.10, s. 128(3A) (as inserted)",
      "affected_provisions": "s. 32ZAC(1)",
      "affecting": "ukpga/2024/21",
      "affecting_title": "Victims and Prisoners Act 2024",
      "affecting_provisions": "s. 60(3)"
    },
    {
      "type": "inserted",
      "affected_provisions": "s. 32ZAB(1)(fa)",
      "affecting": "ukpga/2026/20",
      "affecting_title": "Crime and Policing Act 2026",
      "affecting_provisions": "Sch. 11 para. 8"
    }
  ],
  "made_under": [],
  "changes_made_to": 41,
  "changes_made_to_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/changes.json",
  "changes_made_by": 13,
  "changes_made_by_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/changes/by-it.json",
  "instruments_made_under": 12,
  "instruments_made_under_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/crime-sentences-act-1997/instruments.json",
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1997/43",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-29T09:24:59.837778+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}