{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-justice-and-immigration-act-2008/section-67E",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-justice-and-immigration-act-2008/section-67E.json",
  "legislation": "ukpga/2008/4",
  "legislation_title": "Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-justice-and-immigration-act-2008",
  "path": "section/67E",
  "kind": "section",
  "number": "67E",
  "heading": "Possession or publication of pornographic images of sex between relatives",
  "text": "(1) It is an offence for a person (P) to be in possession of an image if—\n(a) the image is pornographic, within the meaning of section 63,\n(b) the image portrays, in an explicit and realistic way, a person (A) sexually penetrating—\n(i) the vagina or anus of another person (B) with a part of A’s body or anything else, or\n(ii) B’s mouth with A’s penis,\n(c) a reasonable person looking at the image would think that A and B were real, and\n(d) a reasonable person—\n(i) looking at the image, and\n(ii) taking into account any sound or information associated with the image,\nwould think what is set out in subsection (2) or (3).\n(2) That A and B were related, or pretending to be related, such that A was related to B as parent, grandparent, child, grandchild, brother, sister, half-brother, half-sister, uncle, aunt, nephew or niece.\n(3) That—\n(a) A and B were related or had been related, or were pretending to be related or to have been related, such that A was or had been related to B as step-parent, step-child, stepbrother, stepsister, foster parent or foster child, and\n(b) at least one of A and B was, or was pretending to be, under 18.\n(4) It is an offence for a person to publish an image of the kind mentioned in subsection (1).\n(5) Publishing an image includes giving or making it available to another person by any means.\n(6) For the purpose of subsection (1)(d) the reference to sound or information associated with the image is—\n(a) when subsection (1)(d) applies for the purpose of an offence under subsection (1), to sound, or information, associated with the image that is in P’s possession, and\n(b) when subsection (1)(d) applies for the purpose of an offence under subsection (4), to sound, or information, associated with the image that the person in subsection (4) publishes with the image.\n(7) For the purpose of subsections (2) and (3), A and B are not to be taken as pretending to be related if it is fanciful that they actually were or had been related in the way pretended.\n(8) In subsection (2)—\n(a) “parent” includes an adoptive parent;\n(b) “child” includes an adopted person within the meaning of Chapter 4 of Part 1 of the Adoption and Children Act 2002;\n(c) “uncle” means the brother of a person’s parent, and “aunt” has a corresponding meaning;\n(d) “nephew” means the child of a person’s brother or sister, and “niece” has a corresponding meaning.\n(9) In subsection (3), “step-parent”, “stepbrother”, “stepsister” and “foster parent” have the meanings given by section 27(5) of the Sexual Offences Act 2003; and “step-child” and “foster child” have corresponding meanings.\n(10) For the purpose of this section—\n(a) “image” has the same meaning as in section 63;\n(b) penetration is a continuing act from entry to withdrawal;\n(c) “vagina” includes vulva;\n(d) references to a part of the body include references to a part surgically constructed (in particular through gender reassignment surgery).\n(11) Subsections (1) and (4) do not apply to excluded images, within the meaning of section 64.\n(12) Nothing in—\n(a) section 47 of the Adoption Act 1976 (which disapplies the status provisions in section 39 of that Act for the purposes of this section in relation to adoptions before 30 December 2005), or\n(b) section 74 of the Adoption and Children Act 2002 (which disapplies the status provisions in section 67 of that Act for those purposes in relation to adoptions on or after that date),\nis to be read as preventing the application of section 39 of the Adoption Act 1976 or section 67 of the Adoption and Children Act 2002 for the purposes of subsection (8)(a) or (b).\n(13) Proceedings for an offence under this section may not be instituted except by or with the consent of the Director of Public Prosecutions.",
  "extent": "E+W",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "Ss. 67E-67G inserted (E.W.) (6.11.2026) by Crime and Policing Act 2026 (c. 20), ss. 106(1), 255(1); S.I. 2026/1090, reg. 2(c)"
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2008/4/section/67E",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-10T03:34:04.639459+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}