{ "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996", "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996.json", "id": "ukpga/1996/25", "title": "Criminal Procedure and Investigations Act 1996", "short_title": "Criminal Procedure and Investigations Act 1996", "long_title": "An Act to make provision about criminal procedure and criminal investigations.", "citation": "1996 c. 25", "type": "ukpga", "year": "1996", "number": "25", "version": "current", "date": "1996-07-04", "revised": true, "valid_from": "2025-10-06", "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.", "unapplied_effects": 17, "provisions": [ { "path": "introduction", "kind": "introduction", "number": null, "heading": "Introductory text", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/introduction", "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": null }, { "path": "part/I", "kind": "part", "number": "I", "heading": "Disclosure", "url": null, "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": null }, { "path": "part/I/crossheading/introduction", "kind": "crossheading", "number": null, "heading": "Introduction", "url": null, "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/I" }, { "path": "section/1", "kind": "section", "number": "1", "heading": "Application of this Part.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-1", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/introduction" }, { "path": "section/2", "kind": "section", "number": "2", "heading": "General interpretation.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-2", "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/introduction" }, { "path": "part/I/crossheading/the-main-provisions", "kind": "crossheading", "number": null, "heading": "The main provisions", "url": null, "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/I" }, { "path": "section/3", "kind": "section", "number": "3", "heading": "Initial duty of prosecutor to disclose.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-3", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/the-main-provisions" }, { "path": "section/4", "kind": "section", "number": "4", "heading": "Initial duty to disclose: further provisions.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-4", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/the-main-provisions" }, { "path": "section/5", "kind": "section", "number": "5", "heading": "Compulsory disclosure by accused.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-5", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/the-main-provisions" }, { "path": "section/6", "kind": "section", "number": "6", "heading": "Voluntary disclosure by accused.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-6", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/the-main-provisions" }, { "path": "section/6A", "kind": "section", "number": "6A", "heading": "Contents of defence statement", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-6A", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/the-main-provisions" }, { "path": "section/6B", "kind": "section", "number": "6B", "heading": "Updated disclosure by accused", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-6B", "extent": null, "status": "prospective", "parent": "part/I/crossheading/the-main-provisions" }, { "path": "section/6C", "kind": "section", "number": "6C", "heading": "Notification of intention to call defence witnesses", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-6C", "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/the-main-provisions" }, { "path": "section/6D", "kind": "section", "number": "6D", "heading": "Notification of names of experts instructed by accused", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-6D", "extent": null, "status": "prospective", "parent": "part/I/crossheading/the-main-provisions" }, { "path": "section/6E", "kind": "section", "number": "6E", "heading": "Disclosure by accused: further provisions", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-6E", "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/the-main-provisions" }, { "path": "section/7", "kind": "section", "number": "7", "heading": "Secondary disclosure by prosecutor.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-7", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": "repealed", "parent": "part/I/crossheading/the-main-provisions" }, { "path": "section/7A", "kind": "section", "number": "7A", "heading": "Continuing duty of prosecutor to disclose", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-7A", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/the-main-provisions" }, { "path": "section/8", "kind": "section", "number": "8", "heading": "Application by accused for disclosure.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-8", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/the-main-provisions" }, { "path": "section/9", "kind": "section", "number": "9", "heading": "Continuing duty of prosecutor to disclose.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-9", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": "repealed", "parent": "part/I/crossheading/the-main-provisions" }, { "path": "section/10", "kind": "section", "number": "10", "heading": "Prosecutor’s failure to observe time limits.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-10", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/the-main-provisions" }, { "path": "section/11", "kind": "section", "number": "11", "heading": "Faults in disclosure by accused.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-11", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/the-main-provisions" }, { "path": "part/I/crossheading/time-limits", "kind": "crossheading", "number": null, "heading": "Time limits", "url": null, "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/I" }, { "path": "section/12", "kind": "section", "number": "12", "heading": "Time limits.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-12", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/time-limits" }, { "path": "section/13", "kind": "section", "number": "13", "heading": "Time limits: transitional.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-13", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/time-limits" }, { "path": "part/I/crossheading/public-interest", "kind": "crossheading", "number": null, "heading": "Public interest", "url": null, "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/I" }, { "path": "section/14", "kind": "section", "number": "14", "heading": "Public interest: review for summary trials.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-14", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/public-interest" }, { "path": "section/15", "kind": "section", "number": "15", "heading": "Public interest: review in other cases.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-15", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/public-interest" }, { "path": "section/16", "kind": "section", "number": "16", "heading": "Applications: opportunity to be heard.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-16", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/public-interest" }, { "path": "part/I/crossheading/confidentiality", "kind": "crossheading", "number": null, "heading": "Confidentiality", "url": null, "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/I" }, { "path": "section/17", "kind": "section", "number": "17", "heading": "Confidentiality of disclosed information.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-17", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/confidentiality" }, { "path": "section/18", "kind": "section", "number": "18", "heading": "Confidentiality: contravention.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-18", "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/confidentiality" }, { "path": "part/I/crossheading/other-provisions", "kind": "crossheading", "number": null, "heading": "Other provisions", "url": null, "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/I" }, { "path": "section/19", "kind": "section", "number": "19", "heading": "Rules of court.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-19", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/other-provisions" }, { "path": "section/20", "kind": "section", "number": "20", "heading": "Other statutory rules as to disclosure.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-20", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/other-provisions" }, { "path": "section/21", "kind": "section", "number": "21", "heading": "Common law rules as to disclosure.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-21", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/other-provisions" }, { "path": "section/21A", "kind": "section", "number": "21A", "heading": "Code of practice for police interviews of witnesses notified by accused", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-21A", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/I/crossheading/other-provisions" }, { "path": "part/II", "kind": "part", "number": "II", "heading": "Criminal Investigations", "url": null, "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": null }, { "path": "section/22", "kind": "section", "number": "22", "heading": "Introduction.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-22", "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/II" }, { "path": "section/23", "kind": "section", "number": "23", "heading": "Code of practice.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-23", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/II" }, { "path": "section/24", "kind": "section", "number": "24", "heading": "Examples of disclosure provisions.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-24", "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/II" }, { "path": "section/25", "kind": "section", "number": "25", "heading": "Operation and revision of code.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-25", "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/II" }, { "path": "section/26", "kind": "section", "number": "26", "heading": "Effect of code.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-26", "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/II" }, { "path": "section/27", "kind": "section", "number": "27", "heading": "Common law rules as to criminal investigations.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-27", "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/II" }, { "path": "part/III", "kind": "part", "number": "III", "heading": "Preparatory Hearings", "url": null, "extent": "E+W+S", "status": null, "parent": null }, { "path": "part/III/crossheading/introduction", "kind": "crossheading", "number": null, "heading": "Introduction", "url": null, "extent": "E+W", "status": null, "parent": "part/III" }, { "path": "section/28", "kind": "section", "number": "28", "heading": "Introduction.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-28", "extent": "E+W", "status": null, "parent": "part/III/crossheading/introduction" }, { "path": "part/III/crossheading/preparatory-hearings", "kind": "crossheading", "number": null, "heading": "Preparatory hearings", "url": null, "extent": "E+W", "status": null, "parent": "part/III" }, { "path": "section/29", "kind": "section", "number": "29", "heading": "Power to order preparatory hearing.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-29", "extent": "E+W", "status": null, "parent": "part/III/crossheading/preparatory-hearings" }, { "path": "section/30", "kind": "section", "number": "30", "heading": "Start of trial and arraignment.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-30", "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/III/crossheading/preparatory-hearings" }, { "path": "section/31", "kind": "section", "number": "31", "heading": "The preparatory hearing.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-31", "extent": "E+W", "status": null, "parent": "part/III/crossheading/preparatory-hearings" }, { "path": "section/32", "kind": "section", "number": "32", "heading": "Orders before preparatory hearing.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-32", "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/III/crossheading/preparatory-hearings" }, { "path": "section/33", "kind": "section", "number": "33", "heading": "Criminal Procedure Rules.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-33", "extent": "E+W", "status": null, "parent": "part/III/crossheading/preparatory-hearings" }, { "path": "section/34", "kind": "section", "number": "34", "heading": "Later stages of trial.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-34", "extent": "E+W", "status": null, "parent": "part/III/crossheading/preparatory-hearings" }, { "path": "part/III/crossheading/appeals", "kind": "crossheading", "number": null, "heading": "Appeals", "url": null, "extent": "E+W", "status": null, "parent": "part/III" }, { "path": "section/35", "kind": "section", "number": "35", "heading": "Appeals to Court of Appeal.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-35", "extent": "E+W", "status": null, "parent": "part/III/crossheading/appeals" }, { "path": "section/36", "kind": "section", "number": "36", "heading": "Appeals to Supreme Court.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-36", "extent": "E+W", "status": null, "parent": "part/III/crossheading/appeals" }, { "path": "part/III/crossheading/reporting-restrictions", "kind": "crossheading", "number": null, "heading": "Reporting restrictions", "url": null, "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/III" }, { "path": "section/37", "kind": "section", "number": "37", "heading": "Restrictions on reporting.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-37", "extent": "E+W+S", "status": null, "parent": "part/III/crossheading/reporting-restrictions" }, { "path": "section/38", "kind": "section", "number": "38", "heading": "Offences in connection with reporting.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-38", "extent": "E+W+S", "status": null, "parent": "part/III/crossheading/reporting-restrictions" }, { "path": "part/IV", "kind": "part", "number": "IV", "heading": "Rulings", "url": null, "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": null }, { "path": "section/39", "kind": "section", "number": "39", "heading": "Meaning of pre-trial hearing.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-39", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/IV" }, { "path": "section/40", "kind": "section", "number": "40", "heading": "Power to make rulings.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-40", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/IV" }, { "path": "section/41", "kind": "section", "number": "41", "heading": "Restrictions on reporting.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-41", "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/IV" }, { "path": "section/42", "kind": "section", "number": "42", "heading": "Offences in connection with reporting.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-42", "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/IV" }, { "path": "section/43", "kind": "section", "number": "43", "heading": "Application of this Part.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-43", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/IV" }, { "path": "part/V", "kind": "part", "number": "V", "heading": "Committal, Transfer, Etc.", "url": null, "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": null }, { "path": "section/44", "kind": "section", "number": "44", "heading": "Reinstatement of certain provisions.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-44", "extent": "E+W", "status": null, "parent": "part/V" }, { "path": "section/45", "kind": "section", "number": "45", "heading": "Notices of transfer.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-45", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/V" }, { "path": "section/46", "kind": "section", "number": "46", "heading": "War crimes: abolition of transfer procedure.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-46", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": "repealed", "parent": "part/V" }, { "path": "section/47", "kind": "section", "number": "47", "heading": "Committal proceedings.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-47", "extent": "E+W", "status": null, "parent": "part/V" }, { "path": "part/VI", "kind": "part", "number": "VI", "heading": "Magistrates’ Courts", "url": null, "extent": "E+W", "status": null, "parent": null }, { "path": "section/48", "kind": "section", "number": "48", "heading": "Non-appearance of accused: issue of warrant.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-48", "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/VI" }, { "path": "section/49", "kind": "section", "number": "49", "heading": "Either way offences: accused’s intention as to plea.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-49", "extent": "E+W", "status": null, "parent": "part/VI" }, { "path": "section/50", "kind": "section", "number": "50", "heading": "Enforcement of payment of fines.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-50", "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/VI" }, { "path": "section/51", "kind": "section", "number": "51", "heading": "Summons to witness and warrant for his arrest.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-51", "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/VI" }, { "path": "section/52", "kind": "section", "number": "52", "heading": "Remand.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-52", "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/VI" }, { "path": "section/53", "kind": "section", "number": "53", "heading": "Attachment of earnings.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-53", "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/VI" }, { "path": "part/VII", "kind": "part", "number": "VII", "heading": "Miscellaneous and General", "url": null, "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": null }, { "path": "part/VII/crossheading/tainted-acquittals", "kind": "crossheading", "number": null, "heading": "Tainted acquittals", "url": null, "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/VII" }, { "path": "section/54", "kind": "section", "number": "54", "heading": "Acquittals tainted by intimidation etc.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-54", "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/VII/crossheading/tainted-acquittals" }, { "path": "section/55", "kind": "section", "number": "55", "heading": "Conditions for making order.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-55", "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/VII/crossheading/tainted-acquittals" }, { "path": "section/56", "kind": "section", "number": "56", "heading": "Time limits for proceedings.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-56", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/VII/crossheading/tainted-acquittals" }, { "path": "section/57", "kind": "section", "number": "57", "heading": "Tainted acquittals: supplementary.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-57", "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/VII/crossheading/tainted-acquittals" }, { "path": "part/VII/crossheading/derogatory-assertions", "kind": "crossheading", "number": null, "heading": "Derogatory assertions (Northern Ireland)", "url": null, "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/VII" }, { "path": "section/58", "kind": "section", "number": "58", "heading": "Orders in respect of certain assertions.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-58", "extent": "E+W+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/VII/crossheading/derogatory-assertions" }, { "path": "section/59", "kind": "section", "number": "59", "heading": "Restriction on reporting of assertions.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-59", "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/VII/crossheading/derogatory-assertions" }, { "path": "section/60", "kind": "section", "number": "60", "heading": "Reporting of assertions: offences.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-60", "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/VII/crossheading/derogatory-assertions" }, { "path": "section/61", "kind": "section", "number": "61", "heading": "Reporting of assertions: commencement and supplementary.", "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/section-61", "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.", "status": null, "parent": "part/VII/crossheading/derogatory-assertions" }, { "path": "part/VII/crossheading/evidence-special-provisions", "kind": "crossheading", "number": null, "heading": "Evidence: special provisions", "url": null, "extent": null, "status": null, "parent": "part/VII" }, { "path": "section/62", "kind": "section", "number": "62", "heading": "Television links and video recordings.", "url": 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"affected_provisions": "Sch. 4 para. 16", "affecting": "ukpga/2003/44", "affecting_title": "Criminal Justice Act 2003", "affecting_provisions": "Sch. 37 Pt. 12" } ], "made_under": [], "changes_made_to": 223, "changes_made_to_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/changes.json", "changes_made_by": 10, "changes_made_by_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/changes/by-it.json", "instruments_made_under": 43, "instruments_made_under_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/criminal-procedure-and-investigations-act-1996/instruments.json", "provenance": { "source": "legislation.gov.uk", "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/25", "retrieved_at": "2026-10-29T09:32:07.183739+00:00" }, "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0", "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/", "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives." }