{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/data-protection-act-2018/section-168",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/data-protection-act-2018/section-168.json",
  "legislation": "ukpga/2018/12",
  "legislation_title": "Data Protection Act 2018",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/data-protection-act-2018",
  "path": "section/168",
  "kind": "section",
  "number": "168",
  "heading": "Compensation for contravention of the UK GDPR",
  "text": "(1) In Article 82 of the UK GDPR (right to compensation for material or non-material damage), “non-material damage” includes distress.\n(2) Subsection (3) applies where—\n(a) in accordance with rules of court, proceedings under Article 82 of the UK GDPR are brought by a representative body on behalf of a person, and\n(b) a court orders the payment of compensation.\n(3) The court may make an order providing for the compensation to be paid on behalf of the person to—\n(a) the representative body, or\n(b) such other person as the court thinks fit.",
  "extent": null,
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "Words in s. 168(1) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Data Protection, Privacy and Electronic Communications (Amendments etc) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/419), reg. 1(2), Sch. 2 para. 69(3) (with reg. 5); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F2",
      "text": "Words in s. 168(2) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Data Protection, Privacy and Electronic Communications (Amendments etc) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/419), reg. 1(2), Sch. 2 para. 69(3) (with reg. 5); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F3",
      "text": "Words in s. 168 heading substituted (31.12.2020) by The Data Protection, Privacy and Electronic Communications (Amendments etc) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/419), reg. 1(2), Sch. 2 para. 69(2) (with reg. 5); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)"
    },
    {
      "type": "I",
      "label": "I1",
      "text": "S. 168 in force at 25.5.2018 by S.I. 2018/625, reg. 2(1)(f)"
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2018/12/section/168",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-28T17:00:05.588950+00:00",
    "licence": "OGL-UK-3.0",
    "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
    "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
  }
}