{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/education-and-skills-act-2008/section-85",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/education-and-skills-act-2008/section-85.json",
  "legislation": "ukpga/2008/25",
  "legislation_title": "Education and Skills Act 2008",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/education-and-skills-act-2008",
  "path": "section/85",
  "kind": "section",
  "number": "85",
  "heading": "Co-operation as regards provision of 14-19 education and training",
  "text": "(1) The arrangements made by a local authority in England under section 10 of the 2004 Act (co-operation to improve well-being of children) must include arrangements within subsection (2) or (3).\n(2) The arrangements within this subsection are arrangements to promote co-operation between—\n(a) the local authority,\n(b) the authority's relevant partners, and\n(c) the other persons and bodies (of any nature) who exercise functions, or are engaged in activities, relevant to the provision of 14-19 education or training in the authority's area.\n(3) The arrangements within this subsection are arrangements made jointly by the local authority and one or more other local authorities in England to promote co-operation between—\n(a) the authorities,\n(b) the authorities' relevant partners, and\n(c) the other persons and bodies (of any nature) who exercise functions, or are engaged in activities, relevant to the provision of 14-19 education or training in each of the authorities' areas.\n(4) Subsection (1) is not to be read as affecting the generality of the duty imposed by section 10(1) and (2) of the 2004 Act so far as relating to education and training.\n(5) In this section—\n“the 2004 Act” means the Children Act 2004 (c. 31);\n“local authority” has the meaning given by section 65(1) of that Act;\n“14-19 education” and “14-19 training” mean, respectively, education and training suitable to the requirements of persons during the period beginning with the start of the academic year in which they attain the age of 15 and ending when they attain the age of 19;\n“relevant partner”, in relation to a local authority, has the meaning given by section 10(4) of the 2004 Act.\n(6) For the purposes of subsection (5)—\n(a) “education” means full-time or part-time education, but does not include higher education (namely, education provided by means of a course of any description mentioned in Schedule 6 to the Education Reform Act 1988 (c. 40));\n(b) “training” means full-time or part-time training, and includes vocational, social, physical and recreational training;\n(c) “academic year” means any period beginning with 1 August and ending with the next 31 July.",
  "extent": "E+W",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "Words in s. 85(1) substituted (5.5.2010) by The Local Education Authorities and Children’s Services Authorities (Integration of Functions) Order 2010 (S.I. 2010/1158), art. 1, Sch. 2 para. 15(6)(a)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F2",
      "text": "Words in s. 85(2)(a) substituted (5.5.2010) by The Local Education Authorities and Children’s Services Authorities (Integration of Functions) Order 2010 (S.I. 2010/1158), art. 1, Sch. 2 para. 15(6)(b)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F3",
      "text": "Words in s. 85(3) substituted (5.5.2010) by The Local Education Authorities and Children’s Services Authorities (Integration of Functions) Order 2010 (S.I. 2010/1158), art. 1, Sch. 2 para. 15(6)(c)(i)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F4",
      "text": "Words in s. 85(3) substituted (5.5.2010) by The Local Education Authorities and Children’s Services Authorities (Integration of Functions) Order 2010 (S.I. 2010/1158), art. 1, Sch. 2 para. 15(6)(c)(ii)"
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F5",
      "text": "Words in s. 85(5) substituted (5.5.2010) by The Local Education Authorities and Children’s Services Authorities (Integration of Functions) Order 2010 (S.I. 2010/1158), art. 1, Sch. 2 para. 15(6)(d)"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C1",
      "text": "S. 85 functions made exercisable concurrently (2.11.2018) by The Newcastle Upon Tyne, North Tyneside and Northumberland Combined Authority (Establishment and Functions) Order 2018 (S.I. 2018/1133), arts. 1, 18 (with art. 28)"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C2",
      "text": "S. 85 functions made exercisable concurrently (28.7.2020) by The Barnsley, Doncaster, Rotherham and Sheffield Combined Authority (Functions and Amendment) Order 2020 (S.I. 2020/806), arts. 1, 5"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C3",
      "text": "S. 85: functions made exercisable concurrently (30.1.2021) by The West Yorkshire Combined Authority (Election of Mayor and Functions) Order 2021 (S.I. 2021/112), arts. 1(2), 5"
    },
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C4",
      "text": "S. 85: functions made exercisable concurrently (7.5.2024) by The North East Mayoral Combined Authority (Establishment and Functions) Order 2024 (S.I. 2024/402), arts. 1(3), 33 (with art. 9)"
    },
    {
      "type": "I",
      "label": "I1",
      "text": "S. 85 in force at 28.2.2009 by S.I. 2009/387, art. 2"
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2008/25/section/85",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-29T09:11:44.607074+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}