{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980.json",
  "id": "ukpga/1980/42",
  "title": "Employment Act 1980",
  "short_title": "Employment Act 1980",
  "long_title": "An Act to provide for payments out of public funds towards trade unions’ expenditure in respect of ballots, for the use of employers’ premises in connection with ballots, and for the issue by the Secretary of State of Codes of Practice for the improvement of industrial relations; to make provision in respect of exclusion or expulsion from trade unions and otherwise to amend the law relating to workers, employers, trade unions and employers’ associations; to repeal section 1A of the Trade Union and Labour Relations Act 1974; and for connected purposes.",
  "citation": "1980 c. 42",
  "type": "ukpga",
  "year": "1980",
  "number": "42",
  "version": "current",
  "date": "1980-08-01",
  "revised": true,
  "valid_from": "1996-08-22",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "unapplied_effects": 0,
  "provisions": [
    {
      "path": "introduction",
      "kind": "introduction",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Introductory text",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/introduction",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "crossheading/trade-union-ballots-and-codes-of-practice",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Trade union ballots and Codes of Practice",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "section/1",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "1",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/section-1",
      "extent": "E+W+S",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "crossheading/trade-union-ballots-and-codes-of-practice"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/2",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "2",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/section-2",
      "extent": "E+W+S",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "crossheading/trade-union-ballots-and-codes-of-practice"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/3",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "3",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/section-3",
      "extent": "E+W+S",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "crossheading/trade-union-ballots-and-codes-of-practice"
    },
    {
      "path": "crossheading/exclusion-from-trade-union-membership",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Exclusion from trade union membership",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "section/4",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "4",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/section-4",
      "extent": "E+W+S",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "crossheading/exclusion-from-trade-union-membership"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/5",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "5",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/section-5",
      "extent": "E+W+S",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "crossheading/exclusion-from-trade-union-membership"
    },
    {
      "path": "crossheading/unfair-dismissal",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Unfair dismissal",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "section/6",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "6",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/section-6",
      "extent": "E+W+S",
      "status": "repealed",
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    },
    {
      "path": "section/7",
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      "number": "7",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/section-7",
      "extent": null,
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "crossheading/unfair-dismissal"
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    {
      "path": "section/8",
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      "heading": null,
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/section-8",
      "extent": "E+W+S",
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    },
    {
      "path": "section/9",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "9",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/section-9",
      "extent": "E+W+S",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "crossheading/unfair-dismissal"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/10",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "10",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/section-10",
      "extent": null,
      "status": "repealed",
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    },
    {
      "path": "crossheading/maternity",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Maternity",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "section/11",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "11",
      "heading": "Notices to the employer.",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/section-11",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "crossheading/maternity"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/12",
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      "number": "12",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/section-12",
      "extent": "E+W+S",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "crossheading/maternity"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/13",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "13",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/section-13",
      "extent": "E+W+S",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "crossheading/maternity"
    },
    {
      "path": "crossheading/other-rights-of-employees",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Other rights of employees",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "section/14",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "14",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/section-14",
      "extent": "E+W+S",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "crossheading/other-rights-of-employees"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/15",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "15",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/section-15",
      "extent": "E+W+S",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "crossheading/other-rights-of-employees"
    },
    {
      "path": "crossheading/restrictions-on-legal-liability",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Restrictions on legal liability",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "section/16",
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      "number": "16",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/section-16",
      "extent": "E+W+S",
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "crossheading/restrictions-on-legal-liability"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/17",
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      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/section-17",
      "extent": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "section/18",
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      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/section-18",
      "extent": null,
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      "parent": "crossheading/restrictions-on-legal-liability"
    },
    {
      "path": "crossheading/miscellaneous-and-general",
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      "heading": "Miscellaneous and general",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "section/19",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "19",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/section-19",
      "extent": "E+W+S",
      "status": "repealed",
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    {
      "path": "section/20",
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      "number": "20",
      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/section-20",
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    {
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      "heading": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/section-21",
      "extent": "E+W+S",
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    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1",
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      "number": "1",
      "heading": "Minor and Consequential Amendments",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/crossheading/the-post-office-act-1969",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "The Post Office Act 1969.",
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    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/paragraph/1",
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      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-1980/schedule-1/paragraph-1",
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    },
    {
      "path": "schedule/1/crossheading/the-trade-union-and-labour-relations-act-1974",
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    {
      "path": "schedule/1/paragraph/2",
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      "path": "schedule/1/paragraph/3",
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      "path": "schedule/1/crossheading/the-employment-protection-act-1975",
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      "heading": "The Employment Protection Act 1975",
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    {
      "path": "schedule/1/paragraph/4",
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    {
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