{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008.json",
  "id": "ukpga/2008/24",
  "title": "Employment Act 2008",
  "short_title": "Employment Act 2008",
  "long_title": "An Act to make provision about the procedure for the resolution of employment disputes; to provide for compensation for financial loss in cases of unlawful underpayment or non-payment; to make provision about the enforcement of minimum wages legislation and the application of the national minimum wage to Cadet Force Adult Volunteers and voluntary workers; to make provision about the enforcement of offences under the Employment Agencies Act 1973; to make provision about the right of trade unions to expel or exclude members on the grounds of membership of a political party; and for connected purposes.",
  "citation": "2008 c. 24",
  "type": "ukpga",
  "year": "2008",
  "number": "24",
  "version": "current",
  "date": "2008-11-13",
  "revised": true,
  "valid_from": "2026-04-07",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "unapplied_effects": 0,
  "provisions": [
    {
      "path": "introduction",
      "kind": "introduction",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Introductory text",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/introduction",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "crossheading/dispute-resolution",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Dispute resolution",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "section/1",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "1",
      "heading": "Statutory dispute resolution procedures",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-1",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/dispute-resolution"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/2",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "2",
      "heading": "Procedural fairness",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-2",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/dispute-resolution"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/3",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "3",
      "heading": "Non-compliance with statutory Codes of Practice",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-3",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/dispute-resolution"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/4",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "4",
      "heading": "Determination of proceedings without hearing",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-4",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/dispute-resolution"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/5",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "5",
      "heading": "Conciliation before bringing of proceedings",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-5",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/dispute-resolution"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/6",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "6",
      "heading": "Conciliation after bringing of proceedings",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-6",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/dispute-resolution"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/7",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "7",
      "heading": "Compensation for financial loss",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-7",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/dispute-resolution"
    },
    {
      "path": "crossheading/national-minimum-wage-etc",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "National minimum wage etc",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "section/8",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "8",
      "heading": "Arrears payable in cases of non-compliance",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-8",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/national-minimum-wage-etc"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/9",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "9",
      "heading": "Notices of underpayment",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-9",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/national-minimum-wage-etc"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/10",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "10",
      "heading": "Powers of officers to take copies of records",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-10",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/national-minimum-wage-etc"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/11",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "11",
      "heading": "Offences: mode of trial and penalties",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-11",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/national-minimum-wage-etc"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/12",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "12",
      "heading": "Powers to investigate criminal offences",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-12",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/national-minimum-wage-etc"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/13",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "13",
      "heading": "Cadet Force Adult Volunteers",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-13",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/national-minimum-wage-etc"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/14",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "14",
      "heading": "Voluntary workers",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-14",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/national-minimum-wage-etc"
    },
    {
      "path": "crossheading/employment-agencies",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Employment agencies",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
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      "path": "section/15",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "15",
      "heading": "Offences: mode of trial and penalties",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-15",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/employment-agencies"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/16",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "16",
      "heading": "Enforcement powers",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-16",
      "extent": null,
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "crossheading/employment-agencies"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/17",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "17",
      "heading": "Offences by partnerships in Scotland",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-17",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/employment-agencies"
    },
    {
      "path": "crossheading/miscellaneous",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Miscellaneous",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "section/18",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "18",
      "heading": "Employment agencies and national minimum wage legislation: information",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-18",
      "extent": null,
      "status": "repealed",
      "parent": "crossheading/miscellaneous"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/19",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "19",
      "heading": "Exclusion or expulsion from trade union for membership of political party",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-19",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/miscellaneous"
    },
    {
      "path": "crossheading/general",
      "kind": "crossheading",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "General",
      "url": null,
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "section/20",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "20",
      "heading": "Repeals",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-20",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "section/21",
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      "number": "21",
      "heading": "Extent",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-21",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/general"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/22",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "22",
      "heading": "Commencement",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-22",
      "extent": null,
      "status": null,
      "parent": "crossheading/general"
    },
    {
      "path": "section/23",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "23",
      "heading": "Short title",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/section-23",
      "extent": null,
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      "path": "schedule",
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    },
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      "number": "1",
      "heading": "Repeals relating to sections 1 to 7",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/schedule/part-1",
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      "number": "3",
      "heading": "Repeals relating to section 10",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/schedule/part-3",
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      "heading": "Repeals relating to section 11",
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  "changes_made_to_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-act-2008/changes.json",
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  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2008/24",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-29T09:11:45.585508+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}