{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-rights-act-1996/section-231",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-rights-act-1996/section-231.json",
  "legislation": "ukpga/1996/18",
  "legislation_title": "Employment Rights Act 1996",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/employment-rights-act-1996",
  "path": "section/231",
  "kind": "section",
  "number": "231",
  "heading": "Associated employers.",
  "text": "For the purposes of this Act any two employers shall be treated as associated if—\n(a) one is a company of which the other (directly or indirectly) has control, or\n(b) both are companies of which a third person (directly or indirectly) has control;\nand “associated employer” shall be construed accordingly.",
  "extent": null,
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "C",
      "label": "C1",
      "text": "S. 231 applied (8.12.2002) by The Statutory Paternity Pay and Statutory Adoption Pay (General) Regulations 2002 (S.I. 2002/2822), reg. 36(e)"
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/231",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-05T03:34:50.937818+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}