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Division 4

United Kingdom

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However, the following additional criteria and principles must also be considered for the confirmation of a singleton reactor:

  1. (a)

    singleton reactors occur at a prevalence of approximately 1 per 1000 pigs;

  2. (b)

    sera from singleton reactors generally have the following profile:

    • low VN test antibody titre,

    • borderline positive in the monoclonal antibody-based competition ELISA,

    • exclusively IgM and no IgG in the swine vesicular disease isotype-specific ELISAf1.

Annotations

Footnotes

f1

Specific IgG alone or both IgG and IgM are usually detected in serum samples from swine vesicular disease virus infected pigs, whereas sera from singleton reactors generally contain IgM only. Specific IgG will not be detected in serum samples from pigs infected with swine vesicular disease virus during the previous 10 to 14 days, although specific IgG should be detected in a second blood sample. However, recently infected pigs cannot be reliably distinguished from singleton reactors before their immune response switches from IgM to IgG production. See also Chapter IX and footnote 7.