Division 4 Differential diagnosis

In the differential diagnosis of HPAI, the following diseases, in particular, must be considered:

1. (a)

   other diseases causing sudden high mortality, such as:

   1. (i)

      Newcastle disease;

   2. (ii)

      infectious laryngotracheitis;

   3. (iii)

      duck plague;

   4. (iv)

      acute poisonings;

2. (b)

   other diseases causing swelling of the combs and wattles, such as:

   1. (i)

      acute fowl cholera and other septicaemic diseases;

   2. (ii)

      bacterial cellulitis of the comb and wattles.