Article 11 Non-discrimination and exclusive rights

Any applicable conditions for the reuse of documents shall be non-discriminatory for comparable categories of reuse.

The reuse of documents shall be open to all potential actors in the market. No exclusive rights shall be granted.

However, where an exclusive right is necessary for the provision of a service in the public interest, the validity of the reason for granting such an exclusive right shall be subject to regular review, and shall, in any event, be reviewed after 3 years. Any exclusive arrangement shall be transparent and made public.

Exclusive rights may be granted to publishers of scientific and scholarly journals for articles based on the work of Commission officials for a limited period.