# Commission Implementing Decision of 28 February 2012 establishing the best available techniques (BAT) conclusions under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on industrial emissions for the manufacture of glass (notified under document C(2012) 865) (Text with EEA relevance) (2012/134/EU), Division 17

Extent: E+W+S+N.I.

BAT is to reduce NOX emissions from the melting furnace by using one or a combination of the following techniques:
I.. primary techniques, such as:
A description of the techniques is given in Section 1.10.2.
Technique
Applicability
(i) Combustion modifications
(a)
Reduction of air/fuel ratio
Applicable to air/fuel conventional furnaces.
Full benefits are achieved at normal or complete furnace rebuild, when combined with optimum furnace design and geometry
(b)
Reduced combustion air temperature
Applicable only under installation-specific circumstances due to a lower furnace efficiency and higher fuel demand (i.e. use of recuperative furnaces in place of regenerative furnaces)
(c)
Staged combustion:
Air staging
Fuel staging
Fuel staging is applicable to most conventional air/fuel furnaces.
Air staging has very limited applicability due to its technical complexity
(d)
Flue-gas recirculation
The applicability of this technique is limited to the use of special burners with automatic recirculation of the waste gas
(e)
Low-NOX burners
The technique is generally applicable.
The achieved environmental benefits are generally lower for applications to cross-fired, gas-fired furnaces due to technical constraints and a lower degree of flexibility of the furnace.
Full benefits are achieved at normal or complete furnace rebuild, when combined with optimum furnace design and geometry
(f)
Fuel choice
The applicability is limited by the constraints associated with the availability of different types of fuel, which may be impacted by the energy policy of the Member State
(ii)
Special furnace design
The applicability is limited to batch formulations that contain high levels of external cullet (> 70 %).
The application requires a complete rebuild of the melting furnace.
The shape of the furnace (long and narrow) may pose space restrictions
(iii)
Electric melting
Not applicable for large volume glass productions (> 300 tonnes/day).
Not applicable for productions requiring large pull variations.
The implementation requires a complete furnace rebuild
(iv)
Oxy-fuel melting
The maximum environmental benefits are achieved for applications at the time of a complete furnace rebuild
II.. secondary techniques, such as:
A description of the techniques is given in Section 1.10.2.
Technique
Applicability
(i)
Selective catalytic reduction (SCR)
The application may require an upgrade of the dust abatement system in order to guarantee a dust concentration of below 10 – 15 mg/Nm3 and a desulphurisation system for the removal of SOX emissions.
Due to the optimum operating temperature window, the applicability is limited to the use of electrostatic precipitators. In general, the technique is not used with a bag filter system because the low operating temperature, in the range of 180 – 200 °C, would require reheating of the waste gases.
The implementation of the technique may require significant space availability
(ii)
Selective non-catalytic reduction(SNCR)
The technique is applicable to recuperative furnaces.
Very limited applicability to conventional regenerative furnaces, where the correct temperature window is difficult to access or does not allow a good mixing of the flue-gases with the reagent.
It may be applicable to new regenerative furnaces equipped with split regenerators; however, the temperature window is difficult to maintain due to the reversal of fire between the chambers that causes a cyclical temperature change
Table 7
BAT-AELs for NOX emissions from the melting furnace in the container glass sector
The conversion factor reported in Table 2 for general cases (1,5 × 10–3) has been applied, with the exception of electric melting (specific cases: 3 × 10–3).
The lower value refers to the use of special furnace designs, where applicable.
These values should be reconsidered in the occasion of a normal or complete rebuild of the melting furnace.
The achievable levels depend on the quality of the natural gas and oxygen available (nitrogen content).
Parameter
BAT
BAT-AEL
mg/Nm3
kg/tonne melted glass
NOX expressed as NO2
Combustion modifications, special furnace designs
500 – 800
0,75 – 1,2
Electric melting
< 100
< 0,3
Oxy-fuel melting
Not applicable
< 0,5 – 0,8
Secondary techniques
< 500
< 0,75

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Source: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudn/2012/134/annex/division/5/division/1.2/division/1.2.2/division/17 (the official version)
Page: https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2012-134/annex/division-5/division-1.2/division-1.2.2/division-17
Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives.