{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2012-134/annex/division-5/division-1.9/division-1.9.2/division-72",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2012-134/annex/division-5/division-1.9/division-1.9.2/division-72.json",
  "legislation": "eudn/2012/134",
  "legislation_title": "Commission Implementing Decision of 28 February 2012 establishing the best available techniques (BAT) conclusions under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on industrial emissions for the manufacture of glass (notified under document C(2012) 865) (Text with EEA relevance) (2012/134/EU)",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2012-134",
  "path": "annex/division/5/division/1.9/division/1.9.2/division/72",
  "kind": "division",
  "number": "72",
  "heading": null,
  "text": "BAT is to reduce NOX emissions from the melting furnace by using one or a combination of the following techniques:\nA description of the technique is given in Section 1.10.2.\nTechnique\nApplicability\n(i)\nMinimising the use of nitrates in the batch formulation\nIn the frits production, nitrates are used in the batch formulation of many products in order to obtain the required characteristics\nThe substitution of nitrates in the batch formulation may be limited by the high costs and/or higher environmental impact of the alternative materials and/or the quality requirements of the final product\n(ii)\nReduction of the parasitic air entering the furnace\nThe technique consists of preventing the ingress of air into the furnace by sealing the burner blocks, the batch material feeder and any other opening of the melting furnace\nThe technique is generally applicable\n(iii) Combustion modifications\n(a)\nReduction of air/fuel ratio\nApplicable to air/fuel conventional furnaces.\nFull benefits are achieved at normal or complete furnace rebuild, when combined with optimum furnace design and geometry\n(b)\nReduced combustion air temperature\nApplicable only under installation-specific circumstances due to a lower furnace efficiency and higher fuel demand\n(c)\nStaged combustion:\nAir staging\nFuel staging\nFuel staging is applicable to most conventional air/fuel furnaces.\nAir staging has very limited applicability due to its technical complexity\n(d)\nFlue-gas recirculation\nThe applicability of this technique is limited to the use of special burners with automatic recirculation of the waste gas\n(e)\nLow-NOX burners\nThe technique is generally applicable.\nFull benefits are achieved at normal or complete furnace rebuild, when combined with optimum furnace design and geometry\n(f)\nFuel choice\nThe applicability is limited by the constraints associated with the availability of different types of fuel, which may be impacted by the energy policy of the Member State\n(iv)\nOxy-fuel melting\nThe maximum environmental benefits are achieved for applications at the time of a complete furnace rebuild\nTable 62\nBAT-AELs for NOX emissions from the melting furnace in the frits glass sector\nThe ranges take into account the combination of flue-gases from furnaces applying different melting techniques and producing a variety of frit types, with or without nitrates in the batch formulations, which may be conveyed to a single stack, precluding the possibility of characterising each applied melting technique and the different products.\nThe conversion factors of 5 × 10–3 and 7,5 × 10–3 have been used for the determination of the lower and higher values of the range. However, a case-by-case conversion factor may have to be applied based on the type of combustion (see Table 2).\nThe achievable levels depend on the quality of the natural gas and oxygen available (nitrogen content).\nParameter\nBAT\nOperating conditions\nBAT-AEL\nmg/Nm3\nkg/tonne melted glass\nNOX expressed as NO2\nPrimary techniques\nOxy-fuel firing, without nitrates\nNot applicable\n< 2,5 – 5\nOxy-fuel firing, with use of nitrates\nNot applicable\n5 – 10\nFuel/air, fuel/oxygen-enriched air combustion, without nitrates\n500 – 1 000\n2,5 – 7,5\nFuel/air, fuel/oxygen-enriched air combustion, with use of nitrates\n< 1 600\n< 12",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f1",
      "text": "A description of the technique is given in Section 1.10.2."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f2",
      "text": "The ranges take into account the combination of flue-gases from furnaces applying different melting techniques and producing a variety of frit types, with or without nitrates in the batch formulations, which may be conveyed to a single stack, precluding the possibility of characterising each applied melting technique and the different products."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f3",
      "text": "The conversion factors of 5 × 10–3 and 7,5 × 10–3 have been used for the determination of the lower and higher values of the range. However, a case-by-case conversion factor may have to be applied based on the type of combustion (see Table 2)."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f4",
      "text": "The achievable levels depend on the quality of the natural gas and oxygen available (nitrogen content)."
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudn/2012/134/annex/division/5/division/1.9/division/1.9.2/division/72",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T15:15:31.348652+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}