# Commission Implementing Decision of 28 February 2012 establishing the best available techniques (BAT) conclusions under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on industrial emissions for the manufacture of glass (notified under document C(2012) 865) (Text with EEA relevance) (2012/134/EU), Division 72

Extent: E+W+S+N.I.

BAT is to reduce NOX emissions from the melting furnace by using one or a combination of the following techniques:
A description of the technique is given in Section 1.10.2.
Technique
Applicability
(i)
Minimising the use of nitrates in the batch formulation
In the frits production, nitrates are used in the batch formulation of many products in order to obtain the required characteristics
The substitution of nitrates in the batch formulation may be limited by the high costs and/or higher environmental impact of the alternative materials and/or the quality requirements of the final product
(ii)
Reduction of the parasitic air entering the furnace
The technique consists of preventing the ingress of air into the furnace by sealing the burner blocks, the batch material feeder and any other opening of the melting furnace
The technique is generally applicable
(iii) Combustion modifications
(a)
Reduction of air/fuel ratio
Applicable to air/fuel conventional furnaces.
Full benefits are achieved at normal or complete furnace rebuild, when combined with optimum furnace design and geometry
(b)
Reduced combustion air temperature
Applicable only under installation-specific circumstances due to a lower furnace efficiency and higher fuel demand
(c)
Staged combustion:
Air staging
Fuel staging
Fuel staging is applicable to most conventional air/fuel furnaces.
Air staging has very limited applicability due to its technical complexity
(d)
Flue-gas recirculation
The applicability of this technique is limited to the use of special burners with automatic recirculation of the waste gas
(e)
Low-NOX burners
The technique is generally applicable.
Full benefits are achieved at normal or complete furnace rebuild, when combined with optimum furnace design and geometry
(f)
Fuel choice
The applicability is limited by the constraints associated with the availability of different types of fuel, which may be impacted by the energy policy of the Member State
(iv)
Oxy-fuel melting
The maximum environmental benefits are achieved for applications at the time of a complete furnace rebuild
Table 62
BAT-AELs for NOX emissions from the melting furnace in the frits glass sector
The ranges take into account the combination of flue-gases from furnaces applying different melting techniques and producing a variety of frit types, with or without nitrates in the batch formulations, which may be conveyed to a single stack, precluding the possibility of characterising each applied melting technique and the different products.
The conversion factors of 5 × 10–3 and 7,5 × 10–3 have been used for the determination of the lower and higher values of the range. However, a case-by-case conversion factor may have to be applied based on the type of combustion (see Table 2).
The achievable levels depend on the quality of the natural gas and oxygen available (nitrogen content).
Parameter
BAT
Operating conditions
BAT-AEL
mg/Nm3
kg/tonne melted glass
NOX expressed as NO2
Primary techniques
Oxy-fuel firing, without nitrates
Not applicable
< 2,5 – 5
Oxy-fuel firing, with use of nitrates
Not applicable
5 – 10
Fuel/air, fuel/oxygen-enriched air combustion, without nitrates
500 – 1 000
2,5 – 7,5
Fuel/air, fuel/oxygen-enriched air combustion, with use of nitrates
< 1 600
< 12

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Source: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudn/2012/134/annex/division/5/division/1.9/division/1.9.2/division/72 (the official version)
Page: https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2012-134/annex/division-5/division-1.9/division-1.9.2/division-72
Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives.