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Division DEFINITIONS

United Kingdom

Original text. Later amendments are not shown.

For the purpose of these BAT conclusions, the following definitions apply:

Term usedDefinition
UnitA segment/subpart of the installation in which a specific processing operation is conducted
New unitA unit first permitted on the site of the installation following the publication of these BAT conclusions or a complete replacement of a unit on the existing foundations of the installation following the publication of these BAT conclusions
Existing unitA unit which is not a new unit
Process off-gasThe collected gas generated by a process which must be treated e.g. in an acid gas removal unit and a sulphur recovery unit (SRU)
Flue-gasThe exhaust gas exiting a unit after an oxidation step, generally combustion (e.g. regenerator, Claus unit)
Tail gasCommon name of the exhaust gas from an SRU (generally Claus process)
VOCVolatile organic compounds as defined in Article 3(45) of Directive 2010/75/EU
NMVOCVOC excluding methane
Diffuse VOC emissionsNon-channelled VOC emissions that are not released via specific emission points such as stacks. They can result from ‘area’ sources (e.g. tanks) or ‘point’ sources (e.g. pipe flanges)
NOX expressed as NO2 The sum of nitrogen oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) expressed as NO2
SOX expressed as SO2 The sum of sulphur dioxide (SO2) and sulphur trioxide (SO3) expressed as SO2
H2SHydrogen sulphide. Carbonyl sulphide and mercaptan are not included
Hydrogen chloride expressed as HClAll gaseous chlorides expressed as HCl
Hydrogen fluoride expressed as HFAll gaseous fluorides expressed as HF
FCC unitFluid catalytic cracking: a conversion process for upgrading heavy hydrocarbons, using heat and a catalyst to break larger hydrocarbon molecules into lighter molecules
SRUSulphur recovery unit. See definition in Section 1.20.3
Refinery fuel

Solid, liquid or gaseous combustible material from the distillation and conversion steps of the refining of crude oil.

Examples are refinery fuel gas (RFG), syngas and refinery oils, pet coke

RFGRefinery fuel gas: off-gases from distillation or conversion units used as a fuel
Combustion unitUnit burning refinery fuels alone or with other fuels for the production of energy at the refinery site, such as boilers (except CO boilers), furnaces, and gas turbines.
Continuous measurementMeasurement using an ‘automated measuring system’ (AMS) or a ‘continuous emission monitoring system’ (CEMS) permanently installed on site
Periodic measurementDetermination of a measurand at specified time intervals using manual or automated reference methods
Indirect monitoring of emissions to airEstimation of the emissions concentration in the flue-gas of a pollutant obtained through an appropriate combination of measurements of surrogate parameters (such as O2 content, sulphur or nitrogen content in the feed/fuel), calculations and periodic stack measurements. The use of emission ratios based on S content in the fuel is one example of indirect monitoring. Another example of indirect monitoring is the use of PEMS
Predictive Emissions monitoring system (PEMS)System to determine the emissions concentration of a pollutant based on its relationship with a number of characteristic continuously monitored process parameters (e.g. fuel-gas consumption, air/fuel ratio) and fuel or feed quality data (e.g. the sulphur content) of an emission source
Volatile liquid hydrocarbon compoundsPetroleum derivatives with a Reid vapour pressure (RVP) of more than 4 kPa, such as naphtha and aromatics
Recovery ratePercentage of NMVOC recovered from the streams conveyed into a vapour recovery unit (VRU)
  1. 1.1General BAT conclusions for the refining of mineral oil and gas
  2. 1.2BAT conclusions for the alkylation process
  3. 1.3BAT conclusions for base oil production processes
  4. 1.4BAT conclusions for the bitumen production process
  5. 1.5BAT conclusions for the fluid catalytic cracking process
  6. 1.6BAT conclusions for the catalytic reforming process
  7. 1.7BAT conclusions for the coking processes
  8. 1.8BAT conclusions for the desalting process
  9. 1.9BAT conclusions for the combustion units
  10. 1.10BAT conclusions for the etherification process
  11. 1.11BAT conclusions for the isomerisation process
  12. 1.12BAT conclusions for the natural gas refinery
  13. 1.13BAT conclusions for the distillation process
  14. 1.14BAT conclusions for the products treatment process
  15. 1.15BAT conclusions for storage and handling processes
  16. 1.16BAT conclusions for visbreaking and other thermal processes
  17. 1.17BAT conclusions for waste gas sulphur treatment
  18. 1.18BAT conclusions for flares
  19. 1.19BAT conclusions for integrated emission management