{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2014-738/annex/division-3/division-1.1/division-1.1.4/division-BAT",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2014-738/annex/division-3/division-1.1/division-1.1.4/division-BAT.json",
  "legislation": "eudn/2014/738",
  "legislation_title": "Commission Implementing Decision of 9 October 2014 establishing best available techniques (BAT) conclusions, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on industrial emissions, for the refining of mineral oil and gas (notified under document C(2014) 7155) (Text with EEA relevance) (2014/738/EU)",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2014-738",
  "path": "annex/division/3/division/1.1/division/1.1.4/division/BAT",
  "kind": "division",
  "number": "BAT 4",
  "heading": "BAT is to monitor emissions to air by using the monitoring techniques with at least the minimum frequency given below and in accordance with EN standards. If EN standards are not available, BAT is to use ISO, national or other international standards that ensure the provision of data of an equivalent scientific quality.",
  "text": "Continuous measurement of SO2 emissions may be replaced by calculations based on measurements of the sulphur content of the fuel or the feed; where it can be demonstrated that this leads to an equivalent level of accuracy.\nRegarding SOX, only SO2 is continuously measured, while SO3 is only periodically measured (e.g. during calibration of the SO2 monitoring system).\nRefers to the total rated thermal input of all combustion units connected to the stack where emissions occur.\nOr indirect monitoring of SOX.\nMonitoring frequencies may be adapted if, after a period of one year, the data series clearly demonstrate a sufficient stability.\nSO2 emissions measurements from SRU may be replaced by a continuous material balance or other relevant process parameter monitoring, provided appropriate measurements of SRU efficiency are based on periodic (e.g. once every 2 years) plant performance tests.\nAntimony (Sb) is monitored only in catalytic cracking units when Sb injection is used in the process (e.g. for metals passivation).\nWith the exception of combustion units firing only gaseous fuels.\nDescription\nUnit\nMinimum frequency\nMonitoring technique\n(i)\nSOX, NOX, and dust emissions\nCatalytic cracking\nContinuous\nDirect measurement\nCombustion units\n≥ 100 MW\nand calcining units\nContinuous\nDirect measurement\nCombustion units\nof 50 to 100 MW\nContinuous\nDirect measurement or indirect monitoring\nCombustion units\n< 50 MW\nOnce a year and after significant fuel changes\nDirect measurement or indirect monitoring\nSulphur recovery units (SRU)\nContinuous for SO2 only\nDirect measurement or indirect monitoring\n(ii)\nNH3 emissions\nAll units equipped with SCR or SNCR\nContinuous\nDirect measurement\n(iii)\nCO emissions\nCatalytic cracking and combustion units\n≥ 100 MW\nContinuous\nDirect measurement\nOther combustion units\nOnce every 6 months\nDirect measurement\n(iv)\nMetals emissions: Nickel (Ni), Antimony (Sb), Vanadium (V)\nCatalytic cracking\nOnce every 6 months and after significant changes to the unit\nDirect measurement or analysis based on metals content in the catalyst fines and in the fuel\nCombustion units\n(v)\nPolychlorinated dibenzodioxins/furans (PCDD/F) emissions\nCatalytic reformer\nOnce a year or once a regeneration, whichever is longer\nDirect measurement",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f1",
      "text": "Continuous measurement of SO2 emissions may be replaced by calculations based on measurements of the sulphur content of the fuel or the feed; where it can be demonstrated that this leads to an equivalent level of accuracy."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f2",
      "text": "Regarding SOX, only SO2 is continuously measured, while SO3 is only periodically measured (e.g. during calibration of the SO2 monitoring system)."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f3",
      "text": "Refers to the total rated thermal input of all combustion units connected to the stack where emissions occur."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f4",
      "text": "Or indirect monitoring of SOX."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f5",
      "text": "Monitoring frequencies may be adapted if, after a period of one year, the data series clearly demonstrate a sufficient stability."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f6",
      "text": "SO2 emissions measurements from SRU may be replaced by a continuous material balance or other relevant process parameter monitoring, provided appropriate measurements of SRU efficiency are based on periodic (e.g. once every 2 years) plant performance tests."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f7",
      "text": "Antimony (Sb) is monitored only in catalytic cracking units when Sb injection is used in the process (e.g. for metals passivation)."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f8",
      "text": "With the exception of combustion units firing only gaseous fuels."
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudn/2014/738/annex/division/3/division/1.1/division/1.1.4/division/BAT",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T15:14:36.977162+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}