{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2016-1032/annex/division-1.10/division-1.10.1/division-1.10.1.5",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2016-1032/annex/division-1.10/division-1.10.1/division-1.10.1.5.json",
  "legislation": "eudn/2016/1032",
  "legislation_title": "Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2016/1032 of 13 June 2016 establishing best available techniques (BAT) conclusions, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, for the non-ferrous metals industries (notified under document C(2016) 3563) (Text with EEA relevance)",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2016-1032",
  "path": "annex/division/1.10/division/1.10.1/division/1.10.1.5",
  "kind": "division",
  "number": "1.10.1.5",
  "heading": "VOC, PAH, and PCDD/F emissions",
  "text": "Technique\nDescription\nAfterburner or thermal oxidiser\nCombustion system in which the pollutant within the exhaust gas stream reacts with oxygen in a temperature-controlled environment to create an oxidation reaction\nRegenerative thermal oxidiser\nCombustion system that employs a regenerative process to utilise the thermal energy in the gas and carbon compounds by using refractory support beds. A manifold system is needed to change the direction of the gas flow to clean the bed. It is also known as a regenerative afterburner\nCatalytic thermal oxidiser\nCombustion system where the decomposition is carried out on a metal catalyst surface at lower temperatures, typically from 350 °C to 400 °C. It is also known as a catalytic afterburner\nBiofilter\nIt consists of a bed of organic or inert material, where pollutants from off-gas streams are biologically oxidised by microorganisms\nBioscrubber\nIt combines wet gas scrubbing (absorption) and biodegradation, the scrubbing water containing a population of microorganisms suitable to oxidise the noxious gas components\nSelect and feed the raw materials according to the furnace and the abatement techniques used\nThe raw materials are selected in such a way that the furnace and the abatement system used to achieve the required abatement performance can treat the contaminants contained in the feed properly\nOptimise combustion conditions to reduce the emissions of organic compounds\nGood mixing of air or oxygen and carbon content, control of the temperature of the gases and residence time at high temperatures to oxidise the organic carbon comprising PCDD/F. It can also include the use of enriched air or pure oxygen\nUse charging systems, for a semi-closed furnace, to give small additions of raw material\nAdd raw material in small portions in semi-closed furnaces to reduce the furnace cooling effect during charging. This maintains a higher gas temperature and prevents the reformation of PCDD/F\nInternal burner system\nThe exhaust gas is directed through the burner flame and the organic carbon is converted with oxygen to CO2\nAvoid exhaust systems with a high dust build-up for temperatures > 250 °C\nThe presence of dust at temperatures above 250 °C promotes the formation of PCDD/F by de novo synthesis\nInjection of adsorption agent in combination with efficient dust collection system\nPCDD/F may be adsorbed onto dust and hence emissions can be reduced using an efficient dust filtration system. The use of a specific adsorption agent promotes this process and reduces the emissions of PCDD/F\nRapid quenching\nPCDD/F de novo synthesis is prevented by rapid gas cooling from 400 °C to 200 °C",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudn/2016/1032/annex/division/1.10/division/1.10.1/division/1.10.1.5",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T15:13:55.916563+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}