{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2017-1442/annex/division-2/division-2.1/division-2.1.3/division-1",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2017-1442/annex/division-2/division-2.1/division-2.1.3/division-1.json",
  "legislation": "eudn/2017/1442",
  "legislation_title": "Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/1442 of 31 July 2017 establishing best available techniques (BAT) conclusions, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, for large combustion plants (notified under document C(2017) 5225) (Text with EEA relevance)",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2017-1442",
  "path": "annex/division/2/division/2.1/division/2.1.3/division/1",
  "kind": "division",
  "number": "BAT 20",
  "heading": "In order to prevent or reduce NOX emissions to air while limiting CO and N2O emissions to air from the combustion of coal and/or lignite, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.",
  "text": "Technique\nDescription\nApplicability\na.\nCombustion optimisation\nSee description in Section 8.3.\nGenerally used in combination with other techniques\nGenerally applicable\nb.\nCombination of other primary techniques for NOX reduction (e.g. air staging, fuel staging, flue-gas recirculation, low-NOX burners (LNB))\nSee description in Section 8.3 for each single technique.\nThe choice and performance of (an) appropriate (combination of) primary techniques may be influenced by the boiler design\nc.\nSelective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR)\nSee description in Section 8.3.\nCan be applied with ‘slip’ SCR\nThe applicability may be limited in the case of boilers with a high cross-sectional area preventing homogeneous mixing of NH3 and NOX.\nThe applicability may be limited in the case of combustion plants operated < 1 500 h/yr with highly variable boiler loads\nd.\nSelective catalytic reduction (SCR)\nSee description in Section 8.3\nNot applicable to combustion plants of < 300 MWth operated < 500 h/yr.\nNot generally applicable to combustion plants of < 100 MWth.\nThere may be technical and economic restrictions for retrofitting existing combustion plants operated between 500 h/yr and 1 500 h/yr and for existing combustion plants of ≥ 300 MWth operated < 500 h/yr\ne.\nCombined techniques for NOX and SOX reduction\nSee description in Section 8.3\nApplicable on a case-by-case basis, depending on the fuel characteristics and combustion process\nTable 3\nBAT-associated emission levels (BAT-AELs) for NOX emissions to air from the combustion of coal and/or lignite\nThese BAT-AELs do not apply to plants operated < 1 500 h/yr.\nIn the case of coal-fired PC boiler plants put into operation no later than 1 July 1987, which are operated < 1 500 h/yr and for which SCR and/or SNCR is not applicable, the higher end of the range is 340 mg/Nm3.\nFor plants operated < 500 h/yr, these levels are indicative.\nThe lower end of the range is considered achievable when using SCR.\nThe higher end of the range is 175 mg/Nm3 for FBC boilers put into operation no later than 7 January 2014 and for lignite-fired PC boilers.\nThe higher end of the range is 220 mg/Nm3 for FBC boilers put into operation no later than 7 January 2014 and for lignite-fired PC boilers.\nIn the case of plants put into operation no later than 7 January 2014, the higher end of the range is 200 mg/Nm3 for plants operated ≥ 1 500 h/yr, and 220 mg/Nm3 for plants operated < 1 500 h/yr.\nCombustion plant total rated thermal input(MWth)\nBAT-AELs (mg/Nm3)\nYearly average\nDaily average or average over the sampling period\nNew plant\nExisting plant\nNew plant\nExisting plant\n< 100\n100–150\n100–270\n155–200\n165–330\n100–300\n50–100\n100–180\n80–130\n155–210\n≥ 300, FBC boiler combusting coal and/or lignite and lignite-fired PC boiler\n50 – 85\n< 85 – 150\n80 – 125\n140 – 165\n≥ 300, coal-fired PC boiler\n65 – 85\n65 – 150\n80 – 125\n< 85 – 165\nAs an indication, the yearly average CO emission levels for existing combustion plants operated ≥ 1 500 h/yr or for new combustion plants will generally be as follows:\nThe higher end of the range may be up to 140 mg/Nm3 in the case of limitations due to boiler design, and/or in the case of fluidised bed boilers not fitted with secondary abatement techniques for NOX emissions reduction.\nCombustion plant total rated thermal input (MWth)\nCO indicative emission level (mg/Nm3)\n< 300\n< 30–140\n≥ 300, FBC boiler combusting coal and/or lignite and lignite-fired PC boiler\n< 30–100\n≥ 300, coal-fired PC boiler\n< 5–100",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f1",
      "text": "These BAT-AELs do not apply to plants operated < 1 500 h/yr."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f2",
      "text": "In the case of coal-fired PC boiler plants put into operation no later than 1 July 1987, which are operated < 1 500 h/yr and for which SCR and/or SNCR is not applicable, the higher end of the range is 340 mg/Nm3."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f3",
      "text": "For plants operated < 500 h/yr, these levels are indicative."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f4",
      "text": "The lower end of the range is considered achievable when using SCR."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f5",
      "text": "The higher end of the range is 175 mg/Nm3 for FBC boilers put into operation no later than 7 January 2014 and for lignite-fired PC boilers."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f6",
      "text": "The higher end of the range is 220 mg/Nm3 for FBC boilers put into operation no later than 7 January 2014 and for lignite-fired PC boilers."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f7",
      "text": "In the case of plants put into operation no later than 7 January 2014, the higher end of the range is 200 mg/Nm3 for plants operated ≥ 1 500 h/yr, and 220 mg/Nm3 for plants operated < 1 500 h/yr."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f8",
      "text": "The higher end of the range may be up to 140 mg/Nm3 in the case of limitations due to boiler design, and/or in the case of fluidised bed boilers not fitted with secondary abatement techniques for NOX emissions reduction."
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudn/2017/1442/annex/division/2/division/2.1/division/2.1.3/division/1",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T15:13:23.628050+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}