{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2017-1442/annex/division-2/division-2.1/division-2.1.6/division-1",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2017-1442/annex/division-2/division-2.1/division-2.1.6/division-1.json",
  "legislation": "eudn/2017/1442",
  "legislation_title": "Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/1442 of 31 July 2017 establishing best available techniques (BAT) conclusions, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, for large combustion plants (notified under document C(2017) 5225) (Text with EEA relevance)",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2017-1442",
  "path": "annex/division/2/division/2.1/division/2.1.6/division/1",
  "kind": "division",
  "number": "BAT 23",
  "heading": "In order to prevent or reduce mercury emissions to air from the combustion of coal and/or lignite, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.",
  "text": "Technique\nDescription\nApplicability\nCo-benefit from techniques primarily used to reduce emissions of other pollutants\na.\nElectrostatic precipitator (ESP)\nSee description in Section 8.5.\nHigher mercury removal efficiency is achieved at flue-gas temperatures below 130 °C.\nThe technique is mainly used for dust control\nGenerally applicable\nb.\nBag filter\nSee description in Section 8.5.\nThe technique is mainly used for dust control\nc.\nDry or semi-dry FGD system\nSee descriptions in Section 8.5.\nThe techniques are mainly used for SOX, HCl and/or HF control\nd.\nWet flue-gas desulphurisation (wet FGD)\nSee applicability in BAT 21\ne.\nSelective catalytic reduction (SCR)\nSee description in Section 8.3.\nOnly used in combination with other techniques to enhance or reduce the mercury oxidation before capture in a subsequent FGD or dedusting system.\nThe technique is mainly used for NOX control\nSee applicability in BAT 20\nSpecific techniques to reduce mercury emissions\nf.\nCarbon sorbent (e.g. activated carbon or halogenated activated carbon) injection in the flue-gas\nSee description in Section 8.5.\nGenerally used in combination with an ESP/bag filter. The use of this technique may require additional treatment steps to further segregate the mercury-containing carbon fraction prior to further reuse of the fly ash\nGenerally applicable\ng.\nUse of halogenated additives in the fuel or injected in the furnace\nSee description in Section 8.5\nGenerally applicable in the case of a low halogen content in the fuel\nh.\nFuel pretreatment\nFuel washing, blending and mixing in order to limit/reduce the mercury content or improve mercury capture by pollution control equipment\nApplicability is subject to a previous survey for characterising the fuel and for estimating the potential effectiveness of the technique\ni.\nFuel choice\nSee description in Section 8.5\nApplicable within the constraints associated with the availability of different types of fuel, which may be impacted by the energy policy of the Member State\nTable 7\nBAT-associated emission levels (BAT-AELs) for mercury emissions to air from the combustion of coal and lignite\nThe lower end of the BAT-AEL range can be achieved with specific mercury abatement techniques.\nCombustion plant total rated thermal input(MWth)\nBAT-AELs (μg/Nm3)\nYearly average or average of samples obtained during one year\nNew plant\nExisting plant\ncoal\nlignite\ncoal\nlignite\n< 300\n< 1–3\n< 1–5\n< 1–9\n< 1–10\n≥ 300\n< 1–2\n< 1–4\n< 1–4\n< 1–7",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f1",
      "text": "The lower end of the BAT-AEL range can be achieved with specific mercury abatement techniques."
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudn/2017/1442/annex/division/2/division/2.1/division/2.1.6/division/1",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T15:13:23.628050+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}