{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2017-1442/annex/division-2/division-2.2/division-2.2.2/division-1",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2017-1442/annex/division-2/division-2.2/division-2.2.2/division-1.json",
  "legislation": "eudn/2017/1442",
  "legislation_title": "Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/1442 of 31 July 2017 establishing best available techniques (BAT) conclusions, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, for large combustion plants (notified under document C(2017) 5225) (Text with EEA relevance)",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2017-1442",
  "path": "annex/division/2/division/2.2/division/2.2.2/division/1",
  "kind": "division",
  "number": "BAT 24",
  "heading": "In order to prevent or reduce NOX emissions to air while limiting CO and N2O emissions to air from the combustion of solid biomass and/or peat, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.",
  "text": "Technique\nDescription\nApplicability\na.\nCombustion optimisation\nSee descriptions in Section 8.3\nGenerally applicable\nb.\nLow-NOX burners (LNB)\nc.\nAir staging\nd.\nFuel staging\ne.\nFlue-gas recirculation\nf.\nSelective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR)\nSee description in Section 8.3.\nCan be applied with ‘slip’ SCR\nNot applicable to combustion plants operated < 500 h/yr with highly variable boiler loads.\nThe applicability may be limited in the case of combustion plants operated between 500 h/yr and 1 500 h/yr with highly variable boiler loads.\nFor existing combustion plants, applicable within the constraints associated with the required temperature window and residence time for the injected reactants\ng.\nSelective catalytic reduction (SCR)\nSee description in Section 8.3.\nThe use of high-alkali fuels (e.g. straw) may require the SCR to be installed downstream of the dust abatement system\nNot applicable to combustion plants operated < 500 h/yr.\nThere may be economic restrictions for retrofitting existing combustion plants of < 300 MWth.\nNot generally applicable to existing combustion plants of < 100 MWth\nTable 9\nBAT-associated emission levels (BAT-AELs) for NOX emissions to air from the combustion of solid biomass and/or peat\nThese BAT-AELs do not apply to plants operated < 1 500 h/yr.\nFor combustion plants operated < 500 h/yr, these levels are indicative.\nFor plants burning fuels where the average potassium content is 2 000 mg/kg (dry) or higher, and/or the average sodium content is 300 mg/kg or higher, the higher end of the BAT-AEL range is 200 mg/Nm3.\nFor plants burning fuels where the average potassium content is 2 000 mg/kg (dry) or higher, and/or the average sodium content is 300 mg/kg or higher, the higher end of the BAT-AEL range is 250 mg/Nm3.\nFor plants burning fuels where the average potassium content is 2 000 mg/kg (dry) or higher, and/or the average sodium content is 300 mg/kg or higher, the higher end of the BAT-AEL range is 260 mg/Nm3.\nFor plants put into operation no later than 7 January 2014 and burning fuels where the average potassium content is 2 000 mg/kg (dry) or higher, and/or the average sodium content is 300 mg/kg or higher, the higher end of the BAT-AEL range is 310 mg/Nm3.\nThe higher end of the BAT-AEL range is 160 mg/Nm3 for plants put into operation no later than 7 January 2014.\nThe higher end of the BAT-AEL range is 200 mg/Nm3 for plants put into operation no later than 7 January 2014.\nCombustion plant total rated thermal input(MWth)\nBAT-AELs (mg/Nm3)\nYearly average\nDaily average or average over the sampling period\nNew plant\nExisting plant\nNew plant\nExisting plant\n50–100\n70–150\n70–225\n120–200\n120–275\n100–300\n50–140\n50–180\n100–200\n100–220\n≥ 300\n40–140\n40–150\n65–150\n95–165\nAs an indication, the yearly average CO emission levels will generally be:\n< 30–250 mg/Nm3 for existing combustion plants of 50–100 MWth operated ≥ 1 500 h/yr, or new combustion plants of 50–100 MWth,\n< 30–160 mg/Nm3 for existing combustion plants of 100–300 MWth operated ≥ 1 500 h/yr, or new combustion plants of 100–300 MWth,\n< 30–80 mg/Nm3 for existing combustion plants of ≥ 300 MWth operated ≥ 1 500 h/yr, or new combustion plants of ≥ 300 MWth.",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f1",
      "text": "These BAT-AELs do not apply to plants operated < 1 500 h/yr."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f2",
      "text": "For combustion plants operated < 500 h/yr, these levels are indicative."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f3",
      "text": "For plants burning fuels where the average potassium content is 2 000 mg/kg (dry) or higher, and/or the average sodium content is 300 mg/kg or higher, the higher end of the BAT-AEL range is 200 mg/Nm3."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f4",
      "text": "For plants burning fuels where the average potassium content is 2 000 mg/kg (dry) or higher, and/or the average sodium content is 300 mg/kg or higher, the higher end of the BAT-AEL range is 250 mg/Nm3."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f5",
      "text": "For plants burning fuels where the average potassium content is 2 000 mg/kg (dry) or higher, and/or the average sodium content is 300 mg/kg or higher, the higher end of the BAT-AEL range is 260 mg/Nm3."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f6",
      "text": "For plants put into operation no later than 7 January 2014 and burning fuels where the average potassium content is 2 000 mg/kg (dry) or higher, and/or the average sodium content is 300 mg/kg or higher, the higher end of the BAT-AEL range is 310 mg/Nm3."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f7",
      "text": "The higher end of the BAT-AEL range is 160 mg/Nm3 for plants put into operation no later than 7 January 2014."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f8",
      "text": "The higher end of the BAT-AEL range is 200 mg/Nm3 for plants put into operation no later than 7 January 2014."
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudn/2017/1442/annex/division/2/division/2.2/division/2.2.2/division/1",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T15:13:23.628050+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}