{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2017-1442/annex/division-2/division-2.2/division-2.2.3/division-1",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2017-1442/annex/division-2/division-2.2/division-2.2.3/division-1.json",
  "legislation": "eudn/2017/1442",
  "legislation_title": "Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/1442 of 31 July 2017 establishing best available techniques (BAT) conclusions, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, for large combustion plants (notified under document C(2017) 5225) (Text with EEA relevance)",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2017-1442",
  "path": "annex/division/2/division/2.2/division/2.2.3/division/1",
  "kind": "division",
  "number": "BAT 25",
  "heading": "In order to prevent or reduce SOX, HCl and HF emissions to air from the combustion of solid biomass and/or peat, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.",
  "text": "Technique\nDescription\nApplicability\na.\nBoiler sorbent injection (in-furnace or in-bed)\nSee descriptions in Section 8.4\nGenerally applicable\nb.\nDuct sorbent injection (DSI)\nc.\nSpray dry absorber (SDA)\nd.\nCirculating fluidised bed (CFB) dry scrubber\ne.\nWet scrubbing\nf.\nFlue-gas condenser\ng.\nWet flue-gas desulphurisation (wet FGD)\nNot applicable to combustion plants operated < 500 h/yr.\nThere may be technical and economic restrictions for retrofitting existing combustion plants operated between 500 h/yr and 1 500 h/yr\nh.\nFuel choice\nApplicable within the constraints associated with the availability of different types of fuel, which may be impacted by the energy policy of the Member State\nTable 10\nBAT-associated emission levels (BAT-AELs) for SO2 emissions to air from the combustion of solid biomass and/or peat\nThese BAT-AELs do not apply to plants operated < 1 500 h/yr.\nFor plants operated < 500 h/yr, these levels are indicative.\nFor existing plants burning fuels where the average sulphur content is 0,1 wt-% (dry) or higher, the higher end of the BAT-AEL range is 100 mg/Nm3.\nFor existing plants burning fuels where the average sulphur content is 0,1 wt-% (dry) or higher, the higher end of the BAT-AEL range is 215 mg/Nm3.\nFor existing plants burning fuels where the average sulphur content is 0,1 wt-% (dry) or higher, the higher end of the BAT-AEL range is 165 mg/Nm3, or 215 mg/Nm3 if those plants have been put into operation no later than 7 January 2014 and/or are FBC boilers combusting peat.\nCombustion plant total rated thermal input(MWth)\nBAT-AELs for SO2 (mg/Nm3)\nYearly average\nDaily average or average over the sampling period\nNew plant\nExisting plant\nNew plant\nExisting plant\n< 100\n15–70\n15–100\n30–175\n30–215\n100–300\n< 10–50\n< 10–70\n< 20–85\n< 20–175\n≥ 300\n< 10–35\n< 10–50\n< 20–70\n< 20–85\nTable 11\nBAT-associated emission levels (BAT-AELs) for HCl and HF emissions to air from the combustion of solid biomass and/or peat\nFor plants burning fuels where the average chlorine content is ≥ 0,1 wt-% (dry), or for existing plants co-combusting biomass with sulphur-rich fuel (e.g. peat) or using alkali chloride-converting additives (e.g. elemental sulphur), the higher end of the BAT-AEL range for the yearly average for new plants is 15 mg/Nm3, the higher end of the BAT-AEL range for the yearly average for existing plants is 25 mg/Nm3. The daily average BAT-AEL range does not apply to these plants.\nThe daily average BAT-AEL range does not apply to plants operated < 1 500 h/yr. The higher end of the BAT-AEL range for the yearly average for new plants operated < 1 500 h/yr is 15 mg/Nm3.\nThese BAT-AELs do not apply to plants operated < 1 500 h/yr.\nThe lower end of these BAT-AEL ranges may be difficult to achieve in the case of plants fitted with wet FGD and a downstream gas-gas heater.\nFor plants operated < 500 h/yr, these levels are indicative.\nCombustion plant total rated thermal input(MWth)\nBAT-AELs for HCl (mg/Nm3)\nBAT-AELs for HF (mg/Nm3)\nYearly average or average of samples obtained during one year\nDaily average or average over the sampling period\nAverage over the sampling period\nNew plant\nExisting plant\nNew plant\nExisting plant\nNew plant\nExisting plant\n< 100\n1–7\n1–15\n1–12\n1–35\n< 1\n< 1,5\n100–300\n1–5\n1–9\n1–12\n1–12\n< 1\n< 1\n≥ 300\n1–5\n1–5\n1–12\n1–12\n< 1\n< 1",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f1",
      "text": "These BAT-AELs do not apply to plants operated < 1 500 h/yr."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f2",
      "text": "For plants operated < 500 h/yr, these levels are indicative."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f3",
      "text": "For existing plants burning fuels where the average sulphur content is 0,1 wt-% (dry) or higher, the higher end of the BAT-AEL range is 100 mg/Nm3."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f4",
      "text": "For existing plants burning fuels where the average sulphur content is 0,1 wt-% (dry) or higher, the higher end of the BAT-AEL range is 215 mg/Nm3."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f5",
      "text": "For existing plants burning fuels where the average sulphur content is 0,1 wt-% (dry) or higher, the higher end of the BAT-AEL range is 165 mg/Nm3, or 215 mg/Nm3 if those plants have been put into operation no later than 7 January 2014 and/or are FBC boilers combusting peat."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f6",
      "text": "For plants burning fuels where the average chlorine content is ≥ 0,1 wt-% (dry), or for existing plants co-combusting biomass with sulphur-rich fuel (e.g. peat) or using alkali chloride-converting additives (e.g. elemental sulphur), the higher end of the BAT-AEL range for the yearly average for new plants is 15 mg/Nm3, the higher end of the BAT-AEL range for the yearly average for existing plants is 25 mg/Nm3. The daily average BAT-AEL range does not apply to these plants."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f7",
      "text": "The daily average BAT-AEL range does not apply to plants operated < 1 500 h/yr. The higher end of the BAT-AEL range for the yearly average for new plants operated < 1 500 h/yr is 15 mg/Nm3."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f8",
      "text": "These BAT-AELs do not apply to plants operated < 1 500 h/yr."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f9",
      "text": "The lower end of these BAT-AEL ranges may be difficult to achieve in the case of plants fitted with wet FGD and a downstream gas-gas heater."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f10",
      "text": "For plants operated < 500 h/yr, these levels are indicative."
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudn/2017/1442/annex/division/2/division/2.2/division/2.2.3/division/1",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T15:13:23.628050+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}