{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2017-1442/annex/division-3/division-3.2/division-3.2.1/division-1",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2017-1442/annex/division-3/division-3.2/division-3.2.1/division-1.json",
  "legislation": "eudn/2017/1442",
  "legislation_title": "Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/1442 of 31 July 2017 establishing best available techniques (BAT) conclusions, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, for large combustion plants (notified under document C(2017) 5225) (Text with EEA relevance)",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2017-1442",
  "path": "annex/division/3/division/3.2/division/3.2.1/division/1",
  "kind": "division",
  "number": "BAT 31",
  "heading": "In order to increase the energy efficiency of HFO and/or gas oil combustion in reciprocating engines, BAT is to use an appropriate combination of the techniques given in BAT 12 and below.",
  "text": "Technique\nDescription\nApplicability\na.\nCombined cycle\nSee description in Section 8.2\nGenerally applicable to new units operated ≥ 1 500 h/yr.\nApplicable to existing units within the constraints associated with the steam cycle design and the space availability.\nNot applicable to existing units operated < 1 500 h/yr\nTable 17\nBAT-associated energy efficiency levels (BAT-AEELs) for the combustion of HFO and/or gas oil in reciprocating engines\nThese BAT-AEELs do not apply to units operated < 1 500 h/yr.\nNet electrical efficiency BAT-AEELs apply to CHP units whose design is oriented towards power generation, and to units generating only power.\nThese levels may be difficult to achieve in the case of engines fitted with energy-intensive secondary abatement techniques.\nThis level may be difficult to achieve in the case of engines using a radiator as a cooling system in dry, hot geographical locations.\nType of combustion unit\nBAT-AEELs\nNet electrical efficiency (%)\nNew unit\nExisting unit\nHFO- and/or gas-oil-fired reciprocating engine — single cycle\n41,5–44,5\n38,3–44,5\nHFO- and/or gas-oil-fired reciprocating engine — combined cycle\n> 48\nNo BAT-AEEL",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f1",
      "text": "These BAT-AEELs do not apply to units operated < 1 500 h/yr."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f2",
      "text": "Net electrical efficiency BAT-AEELs apply to CHP units whose design is oriented towards power generation, and to units generating only power."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f3",
      "text": "These levels may be difficult to achieve in the case of engines fitted with energy-intensive secondary abatement techniques."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f4",
      "text": "This level may be difficult to achieve in the case of engines using a radiator as a cooling system in dry, hot geographical locations."
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudn/2017/1442/annex/division/3/division/3.2/division/3.2.1/division/1",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T15:13:23.628050+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}