{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2017-1442/annex/division-8/division-8.5",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2017-1442/annex/division-8/division-8.5.json",
  "legislation": "eudn/2017/1442",
  "legislation_title": "Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/1442 of 31 July 2017 establishing best available techniques (BAT) conclusions, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, for large combustion plants (notified under document C(2017) 5225) (Text with EEA relevance)",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2017-1442",
  "path": "annex/division/8/division/8.5",
  "kind": "division",
  "number": "8.5",
  "heading": "Techniques to reduce emissions to air of dust, metals including mercury, and/or PCDD/F",
  "text": "Technique\nDescription\nBag filter\nBag or fabric filters are constructed from porous woven or felted fabric through which gases are passed to remove particles. The use of a bag filter requires the selection of a fabric suitable for the characteristics of the flue-gas and the maximum operating temperature.\nBoiler sorbent injection (in-furnace or in-bed)\nSee general description in Section 8.4. There are co-benefits in the form of dust and metal emissions reduction.\nCarbon sorbent (e.g. activated carbon or halogenated activated carbon) injection in the flue-gas\nMercury and/or PCDD/F adsorption by carbon sorbents, such as (halogenated) activated carbon, with or without chemical treatment. The sorbent injection system can be enhanced by the addition of a supplementary bag filter.\nDry or semi-dry FGD system\nSee general description of each technique (i.e. spray dry absorber (SDA), duct sorben injection (DSI), circulating fluidised bed (CFB) dry scrubber) in Section 8.4. There are co-benefits in the form of dust and metal emissions reduction.\nElectrostatic precipitator (ESP)\nElectrostatic precipitators operate such that particles are charged and separated under the influence of an electrical field. Electrostatic precipitators are capable of operating under a wide range of conditions. The abatement efficiency typically depends on the number of fields, the residence time (size), catalyst properties, and upstream particle removal devices. ESPs generally include between two and five fields. The most modern (high-performance) ESPs have up to seven fields.\nFuel choice\nThe use of a fuel with a low ash or metals (e.g. mercury) content.\nMulticyclones\nSet of dust control systems, based on centrifugal force, whereby particles are separated from the carrier gas, assembled in one or several enclosures.\nUse of halogenated additives in the fuel or injected in the furnace\nAddition of halogen compounds (e.g. brominated additives) into the furnace to oxidise elemental mercury into soluble or particulate species, thereby enhancing mercury removal in downstream abatement systems.\nWet flue-gas desulphurisation (wet FGD)\nSee general description in Section 8.4. There are co-benefits in the form of dust and metals emission reduction.",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudn/2017/1442/annex/division/8/division/8.5",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T15:13:23.628050+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}