{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2017-1442/annex/division-n2",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2017-1442/annex/division-n2.json",
  "legislation": "eudn/2017/1442",
  "legislation_title": "Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/1442 of 31 July 2017 establishing best available techniques (BAT) conclusions, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, for large combustion plants (notified under document C(2017) 5225) (Text with EEA relevance)",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2017-1442",
  "path": "annex/division/n2",
  "kind": "division",
  "number": null,
  "heading": "DEFINITIONS",
  "text": "For the purposes of these BAT conclusions, the following definitions apply:\nCommission Implementing Decision 2012/249/EU of 7 May 2012 concerning the determination of start-up and shut-down periods for the purposes of Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on industrial emissions (OJ L 123, 9.5.2012, p. 44).\nTerm used\nDefinition\nGeneral terms\nBoiler\nAny combustion plant with the exception of engines, gas turbines, and process furnaces or heaters\nCombined-cycle gas turbine (CCGT)\nA CCGT is a combustion plant where two thermodynamic cycles are used (i.e. Brayton and Rankine cycles). In a CCGT, heat from the flue-gas of a gas turbine (operating according to the Brayton cycle to produce electricity) is converted to useful energy in a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG), where it is used to generate steam, which then expands in a steam turbine (operating according to the Rankine cycle to produce additional electricity).\nFor the purpose of these BAT conclusions, a CCGT includes configurations both with and without supplementary firing of the HRSG\nCombustion plant\nAny technical apparatus in which fuels are oxidised in order to use the heat thus generated. For the purposes of these BAT conclusions, a combination formed of:\ntwo or more separate combustion plants where the flue-gases are discharged through a common stack, or\nseparate combustion plants that have been granted a permit for the first time on or after 1 July 1987, or for which the operators have submitted a complete application for a permit on or after that date, which are installed in such a way that, taking technical and economic factors into account, their flue-gases could, in the judgment of the competent authority, be discharged through a common stack\nis considered as a single combustion plant.\nFor calculating the total rated thermal input of such a combination, the capacities of all individual combustion plants concerned, which have a rated thermal input of at least 15 MW, shall be added together\nCombustion unit\nIndividual combustion plant\nContinuous measurement\nMeasurement using an automated measuring system permanently installed on site\nDirect discharge\nDischarge (to a receiving water body) at the point where the emission leaves the installation without further downstream treatment\nFlue-gas desulphurisation (FGD) system\nSystem composed of one or a combination of abatement technique(s) whose purpose is to reduce the level of SOX emitted by a combustion plant\nFlue-gas desulphurisation (FGD) system — existing\nA flue-gas desulphurisation (FGD) system that is not a new FGD system\nFlue-gas desulphurisation (FGD) system — new\nEither a flue-gas desulphurisation (FGD) system in a new plant or a FGD system that includes at least one abatement technique introduced or completely replaced in an existing plant following the publication of these BAT conclusions\nGas oil\nAny petroleum-derived liquid fuel falling within CN code 2710 19 25, 2710 19 29, 2710 19 47, 2710 19 48, 2710 20 17 or 2710 20 19.\nOr any petroleum-derived liquid fuel of which less than 65 vol-% (including losses) distils at 250 °C and of which at least 85 vol-% (including losses) distils at 350 °C by the ASTM D86 method\nHeavy fuel oil (HFO)\nAny petroleum-derived liquid fuel falling within CN code 2710 19 51 to 2710 19 68, 2710 20 31, 2710 20 35, 2710 20 39.\nOr any petroleum-derived liquid fuel, other than gas oil, which, by reason of its distillation limits, falls within the category of heavy oils intended for use as fuel and of which less than 65 vol-% (including losses) distils at 250 °C by the ASTM D86 method. If the distillation cannot be determined by the ASTM D86 method, the petroleum product is also categorised as a heavy fuel oil\nNet electrical efficiency (combustion unit and IGCC)\nRatio between the net electrical output (electricity produced on the high-voltage side of the main transformer minus the imported energy — e.g. for auxiliary systems' consumption) and the fuel/feedstock energy input (as the fuel/feedstock lower heating value) at the combustion unit boundary over a given period of time\nNet mechanical energy efficiency\nRatio between the mechanical power at load coupling and the thermal power supplied by the fuel\nNet total fuel utilisation (combustion unit and IGCC)\nRatio between the net produced energy (electricity, hot water, steam, mechanical energy produced minus the imported electrical and/or thermal energy (e.g. for auxiliary systems' consumption)) and the fuel energy input (as the fuel lower heating value) at the combustion unit boundary over a given period of time\nNet total fuel utilisation (gasification unit)\nRatio between the net produced energy (electricity, hot water, steam, mechanical energy produced, and syngas (as the syngas lower heating value) minus the imported electrical and/or thermal energy (e.g. for auxiliary systems' consumption)) and the fuel/feedstock energy input (as the fuel/feedstock lower heating value) at the gasification unit boundary over a given period of time\nOperated hours\nThe time, expressed in hours, during which a combustion plant, in whole or in part, is operated and is discharging emissions to air, excluding start-up and shutdown periods\nPeriodic measurement\nDetermination of a measurand (a particular quantity subject to measurement) at specified time intervals\nPlant — existing\nA combustion plant that is not a new plant\nPlant — new\nA combustion plant first permitted at the installation following the publication of these BAT conclusions or a complete replacement of a combustion plant on the existing foundations following the publication of these BAT conclusions\nPost-combustion plant\nSystem designed to purify the flue-gases by combustion which is not operated as an independent combustion plant, such as a thermal oxidiser (i.e. tail gas incinerator), used for the removal of the pollutant(s) (e.g. VOC) content from the flue-gas with or without the recovery of the heat generated therein. Staged combustion techniques, where each combustion stage is confined within a separate chamber, which may have distinct combustion process characteristics (e.g. fuel to air ratio, temperature profile), are considered integrated in the combustion process and are not considered post-combustion plants. Similarly, when gases generated in a process heater/furnace or in another combustion process are subsequently oxidised in a distinct combustion plant to recover their energetic value (with or without the use of auxiliary fuel) to produce electricity, steam, hot water/oil or mechanical energy, the latter plant is not considered a post-combustion plant\nPredictive emissions monitoring system (PEMS)\nSystem used to determine the emissions concentration of a pollutant from an emission source on a continuous basis, based on its relationship with a number of characteristic continuously monitored process parameters (e.g. the fuel gas consumption, the air to fuel ratio) and fuel or feed quality data (e.g. the sulphur content)\nProcess fuels from the chemical industry\nGaseous and/or liquid by-products generated by the (petro-)chemical industry and used as non-commercial fuels in combustion plants\nProcess furnaces or heaters\nProcess furnaces or heaters are:\ncombustion plants whose flue-gases are used for the thermal treatment of objects or feed material through a direct contact heating mechanism (e.g. cement and lime kiln, glass furnace, asphalt kiln, drying process, reactor used in the (petro-)chemical industry, ferrous metal processing furnaces), or\ncombustion plants whose radiant and/or conductive heat is transferred to objects or feed material through a solid wall without using an intermediary heat transfer fluid (e.g. coke battery furnace, cowper, furnace or reactor heating a process stream used in the (petro-)chemical industry such as a steam cracker furnace, process heater used for the regasification of liquefied natural gas (LNG) in LNG terminals).\nAs a consequence of the application of good energy recovery practices, process heaters/furnaces may have an associated steam/electricity generation system. This is considered to be an integral design feature of the process heater/furnace that cannot be considered in isolation\nRefinery fuels\nSolid, liquid or gaseous combustible material from the distillation and conversion steps of the refining of crude oil. Examples are refinery fuel gas (RFG), syngas, refinery oils, and pet coke\nResidues\nSubstances or objects generated by the activities covered by the scope of this document, as waste or by-products\nStart-up and shut-down period\nThe time period of plant operation as determined pursuant to the provisions of Commission Implementing Decision 2012/249/EU\nUnit — existing\nA combustion unit that is not a new unit\nUnit- new\nA combustion unit first permitted at the combustion plant following the publication of these BAT conclusions or a complete replacement of a combustion unit on the existing foundations of the combustion plant following the publication of these BAT conclusions\nValid (hourly average)\nAn hourly average is considered valid when there is no maintenance or malfunction of the automated measuring system\nTerm used\nDefinition\nPollutants/parameters\nAs\nThe sum of arsenic and its compounds, expressed as As\nC3\nHydrocarbons having a carbon number equal to three\nC4+\nHydrocarbons having a carbon number of four or greater\nCd\nThe sum of cadmium and its compounds, expressed as Cd\nCd+Tl\nThe sum of cadmium, thallium and their compounds, expressed as Cd+Tl\nCH4\nMethane\nCO\nCarbon monoxide\nCOD\nChemical oxygen demand. Amount of oxygen needed for the total oxidation of the organic matter to carbon dioxide\nCOS\nCarbonyl sulphide\nCr\nThe sum of chromium and its compounds, expressed as Cr\nCu\nThe sum of copper and its compounds, expressed as Cu\nDust\nTotal particulate matter (in air)\nFluoride\nDissolved fluoride, expressed as F–\nH2S\nHydrogen sulphide\nHCl\nAll inorganic gaseous chlorine compounds, expressed as HCl\nHCN\nHydrogen cyanide\nHF\nAll inorganic gaseous fluorine compounds, expressed as HF\nHg\nThe sum of mercury and its compounds, expressed as Hg\nN2O\nDinitrogen monoxide (nitrous oxide)\nNH3\nAmmonia\nNi\nThe sum of nickel and its compounds, expressed as Ni\nNOX\nThe sum of nitrogen monoxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), expressed as NO2\nPb\nThe sum of lead and its compounds, expressed as Pb\nPCDD/F\nPolychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and -furans\nRCG\nRaw concentration in the flue-gas. Concentration of SO2 in the raw flue-gas as a yearly average (under the standard conditions given under General considerations) at the inlet of the SOX abatement system, expressed at a reference oxygen content of 6 vol-% O2\nSb + As + Pb + Cr + Co + Cu + Mn + Ni + V\nThe sum of antimony, arsenic, lead, chromium, cobalt, copper, manganese, nickel, vanadium and their compounds, expressed as Sb + As + Pb + Cr + Co + Cu + Mn + Ni + V\nSO2\nSulphur dioxide\nSO3\nSulphur trioxide\nSOX\nThe sum of sulphur dioxide (SO2) and sulphur trioxide (SO3), expressed as SO2\nSulphate\nDissolved sulphate, expressed as SO4 2–\nSulphide, easily released\nThe sum of dissolved sulphide and of those undissolved sulphides that are easily released upon acidification, expressed as S2–\nSulphite\nDissolved sulphite, expressed as SO3 2–\nTOC\nTotal organic carbon, expressed as C (in water)\nTSS\nTotal suspended solids. Mass concentration of all suspended solids (in water), measured via filtration through glass fibre filters and gravimetry\nTVOC\nTotal volatile organic carbon, expressed as C (in air)\nZn\nThe sum of zinc and its compounds, expressed as Zn",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f1",
      "text": "Commission Implementing Decision 2012/249/EU of 7 May 2012 concerning the determination of start-up and shut-down periods for the purposes of Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on industrial emissions (OJ L 123, 9.5.2012, p. 44)."
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudn/2017/1442/annex/division/n2",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T15:13:23.628050+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}