Division BAT 21

United Kingdom

In order to reduce ammonia emissions to air from slurry landspreading, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.

	Technique^f1	Applicability
A description of the techniques is given in Sections 4.8.1 and 4.12.3.
a	Slurry dilution, followed by techniques such as low-pressure water irrigation system.	Not applicable to crops grown to be eaten raw due to the risk of contamination. Not applicable when the soil type does not allow rapid infiltration of dilute slurry into the soil. Not applicable when crops do not require irrigation. Applicable to fields easily connected to the farm by pipework.
b	Band spreader, by applying one of the following techniques: 1.. Trailing hose; 2.. Trailing shoe.	Applicability may be limited when the straw content of the slurry is too high or when the dry matter content of the slurry is higher than 10 %. Trailing shoe is not applicable to growing solid-seeded arable crops.
c	Shallow injector (open slot).	Not applicable on stony, shallow or compacted soil where it is difficult to achieve a uniform penetration. Applicability may be limited where crops may be damaged by machinery.
d	Deep injector (closed slot).	Not applicable on stony, shallow or compacted soil where it is difficult to achieve a uniform penetration and an effective slit closure. Not applicable during the vegetation of the crops. Not applicable on grassland, unless changing to arable land or when reseeding.
e	Slurry acidification.	Generally applicable.

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