Division BAT 3

United Kingdom

In order to reduce total nitrogen excreted and consequently ammonia emissions while meeting the nutritional needs of the animals, BAT is to use a diet formulation and nutritional strategy which includes one or a combination of the techniques given below.

	Technique^f1	Applicability
A description of the techniques is given in Section 4.10.1. Information on the effectiveness of the techniques for ammonia emission reduction can be taken from recognised European or international guidance e.g. UNECE guidance document on ‘Options for ammonia mitigation’.
a	Reduce the crude protein content by using an N-balanced diet based on the energy needs and digestible amino acids.	Generally applicable.
b	Multiphase feeding with a diet formulation adapted to the specific requirements of the production period.	Generally applicable.
c	Addition of controlled amounts of essential amino acids to a low crude protein diet.	Applicability may be restricted when low-protein feedstuffs are not economically available. Synthetic amino acids are not applicable to organic livestock production.
d	Use of authorised feed additives which reduce the total nitrogen excreted.	Generally applicable.

Table 1.1

BAT-associated total nitrogen excreted

Parameter	Animal category	BAT-associated total nitrogen excreted^f2 ^f3(kg N excreted/animal place/year)
The lower end of the range can be achieved by using a combination of techniques.
The BAT-associated total nitrogen excreted is not applicable to pullets or breeders, for all poultry species.
The upper end of the range is associated with the rearing of male turkeys.
Total nitrogen excreted, expressed as N.	Weaners	1,5-4,0
	Fattening pigs	7,0-13,0
	Sows (including piglets)	17,0-30,0
	Laying hens	0,4-0,8
	Broilers	0,2-0,6
	Ducks	0,4-0,8
	Turkeys	1,0-2,3^f4

The associated monitoring is in BAT 24. The BAT-associated total nitrogen excreted levels may not be applicable to organic livestock production and to the rearing of poultry species not indicated above.

Annotations

Footnotes

f1: A description of the techniques is given in Section 4.10.1. Information on the effectiveness of the techniques for ammonia emission reduction can be taken from recognised European or international guidance e.g. UNECE guidance document on ‘Options for ammonia mitigation’.
f2: The lower end of the range can be achieved by using a combination of techniques.
f3: The BAT-associated total nitrogen excreted is not applicable to pullets or breeders, for all poultry species.
f4: The upper end of the range is associated with the rearing of male turkeys.