Division BAT 11

United Kingdom

In order to reduce dust emissions from each animal house, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.

	Technique^f1	Applicability
A description of the techniques is given in Sections 4.3 and 4.11.
a	Reduce dust generation inside livestock buildings. For this purpose, a combination of the following techniques may be used:
1.	1. Use coarser litter material (e.g. long straw or wood shavings rather than chopped straw);	Long straw is not applicable to slurry-based systems.
	2. Apply fresh litter using a low-dust littering technique (e.g. by hand);	Generally applicable.
	3. Apply ad libitum feeding;	Generally applicable.
	4. Use moist feed, pelleted feed or add oily raw materials or binders in dry feed systems;	Generally applicable.
	5. Equip dry feed stores which are filled pneumatically with dust separators;	Generally applicable.
	6. Design and operate the ventilation system with low air speed within the house.	Applicability may be limited by animal welfare considerations.
b	Reduce dust concentration inside housing by applying one of the following techniques:
	1. Water fogging;	Applicability may be restricted by the animal sensation of thermal decrease during fogging, in particular at sensitive stages of the animal's life, and/or for cold and humid climates. Applicability may be also restricted for solid manure systems at the end of the rearing period due to high ammonia emissions.
	2. Oil spraying;	Only applicable to poultry plants with birds older than around 21 days. The applicability to plants for laying hens may be limited due to the risk of contamination of the equipment present in the shed.
	3. Ionisation.	May not be applicable to pig plants or to existing poultry plants due to technical and/or economic reasons.
c	Treatment of exhaust air by an air cleaning system, such as:
	1. Water trap;	Only applicable to plants with a tunnel ventilation system.
	2. Dry filter;	Only applicable to poultry plants with a tunnel ventilation system.
	3. Water scrubber;	This technique may not be generally applicable due to the high implementation cost. Applicable to existing plants only where a centralised ventilation system is used.
	4. Wet acid scrubber;
	5. Bioscrubber (or biotrickling filter);
	6. Two-stage or three-stage air cleaning system;
	7. Biofilter.	Only applicable to slurry-based plants. A sufficient area outside the animal house is needed to accommodate the filter packages. This technique may not be generally applicable due to the high implementation cost. Applicable to existing plants only where a centralised ventilation system is used.

Annotations

Footnotes

f1: A description of the techniques is given in Sections 4.3 and 4.11.