Division BAT 30

United Kingdom

In order to reduce ammonia emissions to air from each pig house, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.

	Technique^f1	Animal category	Applicability
A description of the techniques is given in Sections 4.11 and 4.12.
a	One of the following techniques, which apply one or a combination of the following principles: (i) reduce the ammonia emitting surface; (ii) increase the frequency of slurry (manure) removal to external storage; (iii) separate urine from faeces; (iv) keep litter clean and dry..
	0. A deep pit (in case of a fully or partly slatted floor) only if used in combination with an additional mitigation measure, e.g.: a combination of nutritional management techniques; air cleaning system; pH reduction of the slurry; slurry cooling.	All pigs	Not applicable to new plants, unless a deep pit is combined with an air cleaning system, slurry cooling and/or pH reduction of the slurry.
	1. A vacuum system for frequent slurry removal (in case of a fully or partly slatted floor).	All pigs	May not be generally applicable to existing plants due to technical and/or economic considerations.
	2. Slanted walls in the manure channel (in case of a fully or partly slatted floor).	All pigs
	3. A scraper for frequent slurry removal (in case of a fully or partly slatted floor).	All pigs
	4. Frequent slurry removal by flushing (in case of a fully or partly slatted floor).	All pigs	May not be generally applicable to existing plants due to technical and/or economic considerations. When the liquid fraction of the slurry is used for flushing, this technique may not be applicable to farms located close to sensitive receptors due to odour peaks during flushing.
	5. Reduced manure pit (in case of a partly slatted floor).	Mating and gestating sows	May not be generally applicable to existing plants due to technical and/or economic considerations.
	5. Reduced manure pit (in case of a partly slatted floor).	Fattening pigs
	6. Full litter system (in case of a solid concrete floor).	Mating and gestating sows	Solid manure systems are not applicable to new plants unless it can be justified for animal welfare reasons. May not be applicable to naturally ventilated plants located in warm climates and to existing plants with forced ventilation for weaners and fattening pigs. BAT 30.a7 may require large space availability.
		Weaners
		Fattening pigs
	7. Kennel/hut housing (in case of a partly slatted floor).	Mating and gestating sows
		Weaners
		Fattening pigs
	8. Straw flow system (in case of a solid concrete floor).	Weaners
	8. Straw flow system (in case of a solid concrete floor).	Fattening pigs
	9. Convex floor and separated manure and water channels (in case of partly slatted pens).	Weaners	May not be generally applicable to existing plants due to technical and/or economic considerations.
		Fattening pigs
	X110. Littered pens with combined manure generation (slurry and solid manure).	Farrowing sows	May not be generally applicable to existing plants due to technical and/or economic considerations.
	11. Feeding/lying boxes on solid floor (in case of litter-based pens).	Mating and gestating sows	Not applicable to existing plants without solid concrete floors.
	12. Manure pan (in case of a fully or partly slatted floor).	Farrowing sows	Generally applicable.
	13. Manure collection in water.	Weaners	May not be generally applicable to existing plants due to technical and/or economic considerations.
	13. Manure collection in water.	Fattening pigs
	14. V-shaped manure belts (in case of partly slatted floor).	Fattening pigs
	15. A combination of water and manure channels (in case of a fully slatted floor).	Farrowing sows
	16. Littered external alley (in case of a solid concrete floor).	Fattening pigs	Not applicable to cold climates. May not be generally applicable to existing plants due to technical and/or economic considerations.
b	Slurry cooling.	All pigs	Not applicable when: heat reuse is not possible; litter is used.
c	Use of an air cleaning system, such as: 1.. Wet acid scrubber; 2.. Two-stage or three-stage air cleaning system; 3.. Bioscrubber (or biotrickling filter).	All pigs	May not be generally applicable due to the high implementation cost. Applicable to existing plants only where a centralised ventilation system is used.
d	Slurry acidification.	All pigs	Generally applicable.
e	Use of floating balls in the manure channel.	Fattening pigs	Not applicable to plants equipped with pits that have slanted walls and to plants that apply slurry removal by flushing.

Table 2.1

BAT-AEL for ammonia emissions to air from each pig house

Parameter	Animal category	BAT-AEL^f2(kg NH₃/animal place/year)
The lower end of the range is associated with the use of an air cleaning system.
For existing plants using a deep pit in combination with nutritional management techniques, the upper end of the BAT-AEL is 4,0 kg NH₃/animal place/year.
For plants using BAT 30.a6, 30.a7 or 30.a11, the upper end of the BAT-AEL is 5,2 kg NH₃/animal place/year.
For existing plants using BAT 30.a0 in combination with nutritional management techniques, the upper end of the BAT-AEL is 7,5 kg NH₃/animal place/year.
For existing plants using a deep pit in combination with nutritional management techniques, the upper end of the BAT-AEL is 0,7 kg NH₃/animal place/year.
For plants using BAT 30.a6, 30.a7 or 30.a8, the upper end of the BAT-AEL is 0,7 kg NH₃/animal place/year.
For existing plants using a deep pit in combination with nutritional management techniques, the upper end of the BAT-AEL is 3,6 kg NH₃/animal place/year.
For plants using BAT 30.a6, 30.a7, 30.a8 or 30.a16, the upper end of the BAT-AEL is 5,65 kg NH₃/animal place/year.
Ammonia expressed as NH₃	Mating and gestating sows	0,2-2,7^f3 ^f4
	Farrowing sows (including piglets) in crates	0,4-5,6^f5
	Weaners	0,03-0,53^f6 ^f7
	Fattening pigs	0,1-2,6^f8 ^f9

The BAT-AELs may not be applicable to organic livestock production. The associated monitoring is in BAT 25.

Annotations

Editorial notes

X1: Substituted by Corrigendum to Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/302 of 15 February 2017 establishing best available techniques (BAT) conclusions, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, for the intensive rearing of poultry or pigs (Official Journal of the European Union L 43 of 21 February 2017).

Footnotes

f1: A description of the techniques is given in Sections 4.11 and 4.12.
f2: The lower end of the range is associated with the use of an air cleaning system.
f3: For existing plants using a deep pit in combination with nutritional management techniques, the upper end of the BAT-AEL is 4,0 kg NH₃/animal place/year.
f4: For plants using BAT 30.a6, 30.a7 or 30.a11, the upper end of the BAT-AEL is 5,2 kg NH₃/animal place/year.
f5: For existing plants using BAT 30.a0 in combination with nutritional management techniques, the upper end of the BAT-AEL is 7,5 kg NH₃/animal place/year.
f6: For existing plants using a deep pit in combination with nutritional management techniques, the upper end of the BAT-AEL is 0,7 kg NH₃/animal place/year.
f7: For plants using BAT 30.a6, 30.a7 or 30.a8, the upper end of the BAT-AEL is 0,7 kg NH₃/animal place/year.
f8: For existing plants using a deep pit in combination with nutritional management techniques, the upper end of the BAT-AEL is 3,6 kg NH₃/animal place/year.
f9: For plants using BAT 30.a6, 30.a7, 30.a8 or 30.a16, the upper end of the BAT-AEL is 5,65 kg NH₃/animal place/year.