{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2018-1147/annex/division-1/division-1.3",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2018-1147/annex/division-1/division-1.3.json",
  "legislation": "eudn/2018/1147",
  "legislation_title": "Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2018/1147 of 10 August 2018 establishing best available techniques (BAT) conclusions for waste treatment, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council (notified under document C(2018) 5070) (Text with EEA relevance)",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2018-1147",
  "path": "annex/division/1/division/1.3",
  "kind": "division",
  "number": "1.3",
  "heading": "Emissions to air",
  "text": "BAT 12. In order to prevent or, where that is not practicable, to reduce odour emissions, BAT is to set up, implement and regularly review an odour management plan, as part of the environmental management system (see BAT 1), that includes all of the following elements:\na protocol containing actions and timelines;\na protocol for conducting odour monitoring as set out in BAT 10;\na protocol for response to identified odour incidents, e.g. complaints;\nan odour prevention and reduction programme designed to identify the source(s); to characterise the contributions of the sources; and to implement prevention and/or reduction measures.\nBAT 13. In order to prevent or, where that is not practicable, to reduce odour emissions, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.\nTechnique\nDescription\nApplicability\na.\nMinimising residence times\nMinimising the residence time of (potentially) odorous waste in storage or in handling systems (e.g. pipes, tanks, containers), in particular under anaerobic conditions. When relevant, adequate provisions are made for the acceptance of seasonal peak volumes of waste.\nOnly applicable to open systems.\nb.\nUsing chemical treatment\nUsing chemicals to destroy or to reduce the formation of odorous compounds (e.g. to oxidise or to precipitate hydrogen sulphide).\nNot applicable if it may hamper the desired output quality.\nc.\nOptimising aerobic treatment\nIn the case of aerobic treatment of water-based liquid waste, it may include:\nuse of pure oxygen;\nremoval of scum in tanks;\nfrequent maintenance of the aeration system.\nIn the case of aerobic treatment of waste other than water-based liquid waste, see BAT 36.\nGenerally applicable.\nBAT 14. In order to prevent or, where that is not practicable, to reduce diffuse emissions to air, in particular of dust, organic compounds and odour, BAT is to use an appropriate combination of the techniques given below.\nDepending on the risk posed by the waste in terms of diffuse emissions to air, BAT 14d is especially relevant.\nTechnique\nDescription\nApplicability\na.\nMinimising the number of potential diffuse emission sources\nThis includes techniques such as:\nappropriate design of piping layout (e.g. minimising pipe run length, reducing the number of flanges and valves, using welded fittings and pipes);\nfavouring the use of gravity transfer rather than using pumps;\nlimiting the drop height of material;\nlimiting traffic speed;\nusing wind barriers.\nGenerally applicable.\nb.\nSelection and use of high-integrity equipment\nThis includes techniques such as:\nvalves with double packing seals or equally efficient equipment;\nhigh-integrity gaskets (such as spiral wound, ring joints) for critical applications;\npumps/compressors/agitators fitted with mechanical seals instead of packing;\nmagnetically driven pumps/compressors/agitators;\nappropriate service hose access ports, piercing pliers, drill heads, e.g. when degassing WEEE containing VFCs and/or VHCs.\nApplicability may be restricted in the case of existing plants due to operability requirements.\nc.\nCorrosion prevention\nThis includes techniques such as:\nappropriate selection of construction materials;\nlining or coating of equipment and painting of pipes with corrosion inhibitors.\nGenerally applicable.\nd.\nContainment, collection and treatment of diffuse emissions\nThis includes techniques such as:\nstoring, treating and handling waste and material that may generate diffuse emissions in enclosed buildings and/or enclosed equipment (e.g. conveyor belts);\nmaintaining the enclosed equipment or buildings under an adequate pressure;\ncollecting and directing the emissions to an appropriate abatement system (see Section 6.1) via an air extraction system and/or air suction systems close to the emission sources.\nThe use of enclosed equipment or buildings may be restricted by safety considerations such as the risk of explosion or oxygen depletion.\nThe use of enclosed equipment or buildings may also be constrained by the volume of waste.\ne.\nDampening\nDampening potential sources of diffuse dust emissions (e.g. waste storage, traffic areas, and open handling processes) with water or fog.\nGenerally applicable.\nf.\nMaintenance\nThis includes techniques such as:\nensuring access to potentially leaky equipment;\nregularly controlling protective equipment such as lamellar curtains, fast-action doors.\nGenerally applicable.\ng.\nCleaning of waste treatment and storage areas\nThis includes techniques such as regularly cleaning the whole waste treatment area (halls, traffic areas, storage areas, etc.), conveyor belts, equipment and containers.\nGenerally applicable.\nh.\nLeak detection and repair (LDAR) programme\nSee Section 6.2. When emissions of organic compounds are expected, a LDAR programme is set up and implemented using a risk-based approach, considering in particular the design of the plant and the amount and nature of the organic compounds concerned.\nGenerally applicable.\nBAT 15. BAT is to use flaring only for safety reasons or for non-routine operating conditions (e.g. start-ups, shutdowns) by using both of the techniques given below.\nTechnique\nDescription\nApplicability\na.\nCorrect plant design\nThis includes the provision of a gas recovery system with sufficient capacity and the use of high-integrity relief valves.\nGenerally applicable to new plants.\nA gas recovery system may be retrofitted in existing plants.\nb.\nPlant management\nThis includes balancing the gas system and using advanced process control.\nGenerally applicable.\nBAT 16. In order to reduce emissions to air from flares when flaring is unavoidable, BAT is to use both of the techniques given below.\nTechnique\nDescription\nApplicability\na.\nCorrect design of flaring devices\nOptimisation of height and pressure, assistance by steam, air or gas, type of flare tips, etc., to enable smokeless and reliable operation and to ensure the efficient combustion of excess gases.\nGenerally applicable to new flares. In existing plants, applicability may be restricted, e.g. due to maintenance time availability.\nb.\nMonitoring and recording as part of flare management\nThis includes continuous monitoring of the quantity of gas sent to flaring. It may include estimations of other parameters (e.g. composition of gas flow, heat content, ratio of assistance, velocity, purge gas flow rate, pollutant emissions (e.g. NOX, CO, hydrocarbons), noise). The recording of flaring events usually includes the duration and number of events and allows for the quantification of emissions and the potential prevention of future flaring events.\nGenerally applicable.",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudn/2018/1147/annex/division/1/division/1.3",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T15:13:01.289264+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}