Division 3.1.2 Emissions to air
United Kingdom
BAT 34. In order to reduce channelled emissions to air of dust, organic compounds and odorous compounds, including H2S and NH3, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
| Technique | Description | |
|---|---|---|
| a. | Adsorption | See Section 6.1. |
| b. | Biofilter | See Section 6.1. A pretreatment of the waste gas before the biofilter (e.g. with a water or acid scrubber) may be needed in the case of a high NH3 content (e.g. 5-40 mg/Nm3) in order to control the media pH and to limit the formation of N2O in the biofilter. Some other odorous compounds (e.g. mercaptans, H2S) can cause acidification of the biofilter media and necessitate the use of a water or alkaline scrubber for pretreatment of the waste gas before the biofilter. |
| c. | Fabric filter | See Section 6.1. The fabric filter is used in the case of mechanical biological treatment of waste. |
| d. | Thermal oxidation | See Section 6.1. |
| e. | Wet scrubbing | See Section 6.1. Water, acid or alkaline scrubbers are used in combination with a biofilter, thermal oxidation or adsorption on activated carbon. |
Table 6.7
BAT-associated emission levels (BAT-AELs) for channelled NH3, odour, dust and TVOC emissions to air from the biological treatment of waste
| Either the BAT-AEL for NH3 or the BAT-AEL for the odour concentration applies. | |||
| This BAT-AEL does not apply to the treatment of waste mainly composed of manure. | |||
| The lower end of the range can be achieved by using thermal oxidation. | |||
| Parameter | Unit | BAT-AEL(Average over the sampling period) | Waste treatment process |
|---|---|---|---|
| NH3 f1 f2 | mg/Nm3 | 0,3-20 | All biological treatments of waste |
| Odour concentration | ouE/Nm3 | 200-1 000 | |
| Dust | mg/Nm3 | 2-5 | Mechanical biological treatment of waste |
| TVOC | mg/Nm3 | 5-40f3 | |
The associated monitoring is given in BAT 8.
Annotations
Footnotes
- f1
-
Either the BAT-AEL for NH3 or the BAT-AEL for the odour concentration applies.
- f2
-
This BAT-AEL does not apply to the treatment of waste mainly composed of manure.
- f3
-
The lower end of the range can be achieved by using thermal oxidation.