Division 1.2 Monitoring
United Kingdom
BAT 2.BAT is to determine either the gross electrical efficiency, the gross energy efficiency, or the boiler efficiency of the incineration plant as a whole or of all the relevant parts of the incineration plant.
Description
In the case of a new incineration plant or after each modification of an existing incineration plant that could significantly affect the energy efficiency, the gross electrical efficiency, the gross energy efficiency, or the boiler efficiency is determined by carrying out a performance test at full load.
In the case of an existing incineration plant that has not carried out a performance test, or where a performance test at full load cannot be carried out for technical reasons, the gross electrical efficiency, the gross energy efficiency, or the boiler efficiency can be determined taking into account the design values at performance test conditions.
For the performance test, no EN standard is available for the determination of the boiler efficiency of incineration plants. For grate-fired incineration plants, the FDBR guideline RL 7 may be used.
BAT 3. BAT is to monitor key process parameters relevant for emissions to air and water including those given below.
| Stream/Location | Parameter(s) | Monitoring |
|---|---|---|
| Flue-gas from the incineration of waste | Flow, oxygen content, temperature, pressure, water vapour content | Continuous measurement |
| Combustion chamber | Temperature | |
| Waste water from wet FGC | Flow, pH, temperature | |
| Waste water from bottom ash treatment plants | Flow, pH, conductivity |
BAT 4. BAT is to monitor channelled emissions to air with at least the frequency given below and in accordance with EN standards. If EN standards are not available, BAT is to use ISO, national or other international standards that ensure the provision of data of an equivalent scientific quality.
| Generic EN standards for continuous measurements are EN 15267-1, EN 15267-2, EN 15267-3 and EN 14181. EN standards for periodic measurements are given in the table or in the footnotes. | ||||
| For periodic monitoring, the monitoring frequency does not apply where plant operation would be for the sole purpose of performing an emission measurement. | ||||
| If continuous monitoring of N2O is applied, the generic EN standards for continuous measurements apply. | ||||
| The continuous measurement of HF may be replaced by periodic measurements with a minimum frequency of once every six months if the HCl emission levels are proven to be sufficiently stable. No EN standard is available for the periodic measurement of HF. | ||||
| For plants incinerating wastes with a proven low and stable mercury content (e.g. mono-streams of waste of a controlled composition), the continuous monitoring of emissions may be replaced by long-term sampling (no EN standard is available for long-term sampling of Hg) or periodic measurements with a minimum frequency of once every six months. In the latter case the relevant standard is EN 13211. | ||||
| The monitoring only applies to the incineration of waste containing brominated flame retardants or to plants using BAT 31(d) with continuous injection of bromine. | ||||
| The monitoring does not apply if the emission levels are proven to be sufficiently stable. | ||||
| The monitoring does not apply where the emissions of dioxin-like PCBs are proven to be less than 0,01 ng WHO-TEQ/Nm3. | ||||
| Substance/Parameter | Process | Standard(s)f1 | Minimum monitoring frequencyf2 | Monitoring associated with |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NOX | Incineration of waste | Generic EN standards | Continuous | BAT 29 |
| NH3 | Incineration of waste when SNCR and/or SCR is used | Generic EN standards | Continuous | BAT 29 |
| N2O |
| EN 21258f3 | Once every year | BAT 29 |
| CO | Incineration of waste | Generic EN standards | Continuous | BAT 29 |
| SO2 | Incineration of waste | Generic EN standards | Continuous | BAT 27 |
| HCl | Incineration of waste | Generic EN standards | Continuous | BAT 27 |
| HF | Incineration of waste | Generic EN standards | Continuousf4 | BAT 27 |
| Dust | Bottom ash treatment | EN 13284-1 | Once every year | BAT 26 |
| Incineration of waste | Generic EN standards and EN 13284-2 | Continuous | BAT 25 | |
| Metals and metalloids except mercury (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Tl, V) | Incineration of waste | EN 14385 | Once every six months | BAT 25 |
| Hg | Incineration of waste | Generic EN standards and EN 14884 | Continuousf5 | BAT 31 |
| TVOC | Incineration of waste | Generic EN standards | Continuous | BAT 30 |
| PBDD/F | Incineration of wastef6 | No EN standard available | Once every six months | BAT 30 |
| PCDD/F | Incineration of waste | EN 1948-1, EN 1948-2, EN 1948-3 | Once every six months for short-term sampling | BAT 30 |
| No EN standard available for long-term sampling, EN 1948-2, EN 1948-3 | Once every month for long-term samplingf7 | BAT 30 | ||
| Dioxin-like PCBs | Incineration of waste | EN 1948-1, EN 1948-2, EN 1948-4 | Once every six months for short-term samplingf8 | BAT 30 |
| No EN standard available for long-term sampling, EN 1948-2, EN 1948-4 | Once every month for long-term sampling | BAT 30 | ||
| Benzo[a]pyrene | Incineration of waste | No EN standard available | Once every year | BAT 30 |
BAT 5. BAT is to appropriately monitor channelled emissions to air from the incineration plant during OTNOC.
Annotations
Footnotes
- f1
-
Generic EN standards for continuous measurements are EN 15267-1, EN 15267-2, EN 15267-3 and EN 14181. EN standards for periodic measurements are given in the table or in the footnotes.
- f2
-
For periodic monitoring, the monitoring frequency does not apply where plant operation would be for the sole purpose of performing an emission measurement.
- f3
-
If continuous monitoring of N2O is applied, the generic EN standards for continuous measurements apply.
- f4
-
The continuous measurement of HF may be replaced by periodic measurements with a minimum frequency of once every six months if the HCl emission levels are proven to be sufficiently stable. No EN standard is available for the periodic measurement of HF.
- f5
-
For plants incinerating wastes with a proven low and stable mercury content (e.g. mono-streams of waste of a controlled composition), the continuous monitoring of emissions may be replaced by long-term sampling (no EN standard is available for long-term sampling of Hg) or periodic measurements with a minimum frequency of once every six months. In the latter case the relevant standard is EN 13211.
- f6
-
The monitoring only applies to the incineration of waste containing brominated flame retardants or to plants using BAT 31(d) with continuous injection of bromine.
- f7
-
The monitoring does not apply if the emission levels are proven to be sufficiently stable.
- f8
-
The monitoring does not apply where the emissions of dioxin-like PCBs are proven to be less than 0,01 ng WHO-TEQ/Nm3.