# Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2019/2010 of 12 November 2019 establishing the best available techniques (BAT) conclusions, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, for waste incineration (notified under document C(2019) 7987) (Text with EEA relevance), Division: Applicability

Extent: E+W+S+N.I.

Generally applicable to new plants.
Applicable to existing plants within the constraints associated with the configuration of the water collection system.
BAT 33. In order to reduce water usage and to prevent or reduce the generation of waste water from the incineration plant, BAT is to use one or a combination of the techniques given below.
Technique
Description
Applicability
(a)
Waste-water-free FGC techniques
Use of FGC techniques that do not generate waste water (e.g. dry sorbent injection or semi-wet absorber, see Section 2.2).
May not be applicable to the incineration of hazardous waste with a high halogen content.
(b)
Injection of waste water from FGC
Waste water from FGC is injected into the hotter parts of the FGC system.
Only applicable to the incineration of municipal solid waste.
(c)
Water reuse/recycling
Residual aqueous streams are reused or recycled.
The degree of reuse/recycling is limited by the quality requirements of the process to which the water is directed.
Generally applicable.
(d)
Dry bottom ash handling
Dry, hot bottom ash falls from the grate onto a transport system and is cooled down by ambient air. No water is used in the process.
Only applicable to grate furnaces.
There may be technical restrictions that prevent retrofitting to existing incineration plants.
BAT 34. In order to reduce emissions to water from FGC and/or from the storage and treatment of slags and bottom ashes, BAT is to use an appropriate combination of the techniques given below, and to use secondary techniques as close as possible to the source in order to avoid dilution.
The descriptions of the techniques are given in Section 2.3.
Technique
Typical pollutants targeted
Primary techniques
(a)
Optimisation of the incineration process (see BAT 14) and/or of the FGC system (e.g. SNCR/SCR, see BAT 29(f))
Organic compounds including PCDD/F, ammonia/ammonium
Secondary techniques
Preliminary and primary treatment
(b)
Equalisation
All pollutants
(c)
Neutralisation
Acids, alkalis
(d)
Physical separation, e.g. screens, sieves, grit separators, primary settlement tanks
Gross solids, suspended solids
Physico-chemical treatment
(e)
Adsorption on activated carbon
Organic compounds including PCDD/F, mercury
(f)
Precipitation
Dissolved metals/metalloids, sulphate
(g)
Oxidation
Sulphide, sulphite, organic compounds
(h)
Ion exchange
Dissolved metals/metalloids
(i)
Stripping
Purgeable pollutants (e.g. ammonia/ammonium)
(j)
Reverse osmosis
Ammonia/ammonium, metals/metalloids, sulphate, chloride, organic compounds
Final solids removal
(k)
Coagulation and flocculation
Suspended solids, particulate-bound metals/metalloids
(l)
Sedimentation
(m)
Filtration
(n)
Flotation
Table 9
BAT-AELs for direct emissions to a receiving water body
The averaging periods are defined in the General considerations.
Parameter
Process
Unit
BAT-AEL
Total suspended solids (TSS)
FGC
Bottom ash treatment
mg/l
10–30
Total organic carbon (TOC)
FGC
Bottom ash treatment
15–40
Metals and metalloids
As
FGC
0,01–0,05
Cd
FGC
0,005–0,03
Cr
FGC
0,01–0,1
Cu
FGC
0,03–0,15
Hg
FGC
0,001–0,01
Ni
FGC
0,03–0,15
Pb
FGC
Bottom ash treatment
0,02–0,06
Sb
FGC
0,02–0,9
Tl
FGC
0,005–0,03
Zn
FGC
0,01–0,5
Ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N)
Bottom ash treatment
10–30
Sulphate (SO4 2-)
Bottom ash treatment
400–1 000
PCDD/F
FGC
ng I-TEQ/l
0,01–0,05
The associated monitoring is in BAT 6.
Table 10
BAT-AELs for indirect emissions to a receiving water body
The averaging periods are defined in the General considerations.
The BAT-AELs may not apply if the downstream waste water treatment plant is designed and equipped appropriately to abate the pollutants concerned, provided this does not lead to a higher level of pollution in the environment.
Parameter
Process
Unit
BAT-AEL
Metals and metalloids
As
FGC
mg/l
0,01–0,05
Cd
FGC
0,005–0,03
Cr
FGC
0,01–0,1
Cu
FGC
0,03–0,15
Hg
FGC
0,001–0,01
Ni
FGC
0,03–0,15
Pb
FGC
Bottom ash treatment
0,02–0,06
Sb
FGC
0,02–0,9
Tl
FGC
0,005–0,03
Zn
FGC
0,01–0,5
PCDD/F
FGC
ng I-TEQ/l
0,01–0,05
The associated monitoring is in BAT 6.

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Source: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudn/2019/2010/annex/division/1/division/1.6/division/2 (the official version)
Page: https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2019-2010/annex/division-1/division-1.6/division-2
Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives.