{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2020-719/annex",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2020-719/annex.json",
  "legislation": "eudn/2020/719",
  "legislation_title": "Council Decision (CFSP) 2020/719 of 28 May 2020 amending Decision 2013/255/CFSP concerning restrictive measures against Syria",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-decision-2020-719",
  "path": "annex",
  "kind": "annex",
  "number": null,
  "heading": null,
  "text": "Annex I to Decision 2013/255/CFSP is amended as follows:\n(1) in Section A (Persons), the following entries are deleted:\n26.. Major General Qasem Soleimani;\n38.. Brigadier‐General Jamea Jamea;\n272.. Hayan Kaddour;\n273.. Maen Rizk Allah Haykal;\n(2) in Section B (Entities), the following entry is deleted:\n76.. Developers Private Joint Stock Company;\n(3) Annex I to Decision 2013/255/CFSP is replaced by the following:\n‘ANNEX I\nList of natural and legal persons, entities or bodies referred to in Articles 27 and 28\nA.\nPersons\nName\nIdentifying information\nReasons\nDate of listing\n1.\nBashar ( ) AL‐ASSAD ( )\nDate of birth: 11.9.1965;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nDiplomatic passport No D1903;\nGender: male\nPresident of the Republic; person authorising and supervising the crackdown on demonstrators.\n23.5.2011\n2.\nMaher ( ) (a.k.a. Mahir) AL‐ASSAD ( )\nDate of birth: 8.12.1967;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nDiplomatic passport No 4138;\nPosition: Major General of the 42nd Brigade and former Brigadier Commander of the Army’s 4th Armoured Division\nGender: male\nMember of the Syria Armed Forces of the rank of Colonel and the equivalent or higher in post after May 2011; Major General of the 42nd Brigade and former Brigadier Commander of the Army’s 4th Armoured Division. Member of the Assad family; brother of President Bashar al‐Assad.\n9.5.2011\n3.\nAli ( ) MAMLUK ( ) (a.k.a. Mamlouk)\nDate of birth: 19.2.1946;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nDiplomatic passport No 983;\nGender: male\nDirector of the National Security Bureau. Former Head of Syrian Intelligence Directorate involved in violence against demonstrators.\n9.5.2011\n4.\nAtej ( ) (a.k.a. Atef, Atif) NAJIB ( ) (a.k.a. Najeeb)\nPlace of birth: Jablah, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Head of the Political Security Directorate in Dara’a. Involved in violence against demonstrators. Member of the Assad family; cousin of President Bashar al‐Assad.\n9.5.2011\n5.\nHafiz ( ) MAKHLOUF ( )\n(a.k.a. Hafez Makhlouf)\nDate of birth: 2.4.1971;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nDiplomatic passport No 2246;\nGender: male\nFormer Colonel and Head of Unit in General Intelligence Directorate, Damascus Branch in post after May 2011. Member of the Makhlouf family; cousin of President Bashar al‐Assad.\n9.5.2011\n6.\nMuhammad ( ) Dib ( ) ZAYTUN ( )\n(a.k.a. Mohammed Dib Zeitoun; a.k.a. Mohamed Dib Zeitun)\nDate of birth: 20.5.1951;\nPlace of birth: Jubba, Damascus province, Syria;\nDiplomatic passport No D000001300;\nGender: male\nDirector of the National Security Bureau since July 2019. Former Head of the General Security Directorate; involved in violence against demonstrators.\n9.5.2011\n7.\nAmjad ( ) ABBAS ( ) (a.k.a. al‐Abbas)\nGender: male\nFormer head of Political Security in Banyas, involved in violence against demonstrators in Baida. Promoted to the rank of Colonel in 2018.\n9.5.2011\n8.\nRami ( ) MAKHLOUF ( )\nDate of birth: 10.7.1969;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nPassport No 000098044;\nIssue No 002‐03‐0015187;\nGender: male\nLeading businessman operating in Syria with interests in the telecommunications, financial services, transport and property sectors. He has financial interests in and/or holds senior and executive positions in Syriatel (the leading mobile telephone operator in Syria) and in the investment funds Al Mashreq, Bena Properties and Cham Holding.\nHe furnishes financing and support to the Syrian regime, through his business interests.\nHe is an influential member of the Makhlouf family and closely connected to the Assad family; cousin of President Bashar Al‐Assad.\n9.5.2011\n9.\nAbd al‐Fatah ( ) QUDSIYAH ( )\nDate of birth: 1953;\nPlace of birth: Hama, Syria;\nDiplomatic passport No D0005788;\nGender: male\nOfficer of the rank of Major General in the Syrian Armed Forces in post after May 2011.\nDeputy Director of the National Security Bureau of the Ba’ath Party. Former Head of the Syrian Military Intelligence Directorate. Involved in violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.\n9.5.2011\n10.\nJamil ( ) (a.k.a. Jameel) HASSAN ( ) (a.k.a. al‐Hassan)\nDate of birth: 7.7.1953;\nPlace of birth: Qusayr, Homs province, Syria;\nFormer Head of Syrian Air Force Intelligence;\nGender: male\nOfficer of the rank of Major‐General in the Syrian Air Force in post after May 2011. Former head of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence in post after May 2011 and until July 2019. Responsible for violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.\n9.5.2011\n11.\nMohammad Mouti' MOUAYYAD\n(a.k.a. Mohammad Muti'a Moayyad)\nDate of birth: 1968;\nPlace of birth: Ariha (Idlib), Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of State in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n21.10.2014\n12.\nGhazwan Kheir BEK\n(a.k.a. Ghazqan Kheir Bek)\nDate of birth: 1961;\nPlace of birth: Latakia, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Transport in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014). He was previously General Director of the Port of Tartous. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n21.10.2014\n13.\nMunzir ( ) (a.k.a. Mundhir, Monzer) Jamil ( ) AL‐ASSAD ( )\nDate of birth: 1.3.1961;\nPlace of birth: Kerdaha, Latakia Province, Syria;\nPassports No 86449 and No 842781;\nGender: male\nInvolved in violence against the civilian population as part of the Shabiha militia.\n9.5.2011\n14.\nBrigadier General Mohammed BILAL\n(a.k.a. Lieutenant Colonel Muhammad Bilal)\nGender: male\nAs a senior officer in the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service, he supports the Syrian regime and is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population. He is also associated with the listed Scientific Studies Research Centre (SSRC).\nHead of the Tartus police since December 2018.\n21.10.2014\n15.\nKamal CHEIKHA\n(a.k.a. Kamal al‐Sheikha)\nDate of birth: 1961;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Water Resources in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n21.10.2014\n16.\nFaruq ( ) (a.k.a. Farouq, Farouk) AL SHAR' ( ) (a.k.a. Al Char', Al Shara', Al Shara)\nDate of birth: 10.12.1938;\nGender: male\nFormer Vice‐President of Syria; involved in violence against the civilian population.\n23.5.2011\n17.\nHassan NOURI\n(a.k.a. Hassan al‐Nouri)\nDate of birth: 9.2.1960;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Administrative Development in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n21.10.2014\n18.\nMohammed ( ) HAMCHO ( )\nDate of birth: 20.5.1966;\nPassport No 002954347;\nGender: male\nLeading businessman operating in Syria, with interests in the engineering and construction, media, hospitality and health sector. He has financial interests in and/or holds senior and executive positions within a number of companies in Syria, in particular Hamsho International, Hamsho Communication, Mhg International, Jupiter for Investment and Tourism project and Syria Metal Industries.\nHe plays an important role in the business community in Syria as general secretary of the Damascus Chamber of Commerce (appointed by the then Minister for economy Khodr Orfali in December 2014), chairman of the China‐Syria Bilateral Business Councils (since March 2014) and chairman of the Syrian Metal and Steel Council (since December 2015).\nHe has close business relationships with key figures of the Syrian regime, including Maher al‐Assad.\nHe benefits from and provides support to the Syrian regime through his business interests, and is associated with persons benefiting from and providing support to that regime.\n27.1.2015\n19.\nIyad ( ) (a.k.a. Eyad) MAKHLOUF ( )\nDate of birth: 21.1.1973;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nPassport No N001820740;\nGender: male\nMember of the Makhlouf family; son of Mohammed Makhlouf, brother of Hafez Makhlouf and Rami Makhlouf and brother of Ihab Makhlouf; cousin of President Bashar al‐Assad.\nMember of the Syrian security and intelligence services in post after May 2011.\nAs an officer in the General Intelligence Directorate, involved in violence against the civilian population in Syria.\n23.5.2011\n20.\nBassam ( ) AL HASSAN ( ) (a.k.a. Al Hasan)\nDate of birth: 1961;\nPlace of birth: Sheen, Homs, Syria;\nRank: Major General;\nGender: male\nPresidential Advisor for Strategic Affairs; head of the General Secretariat of the National Defence. Involved in violence against the civilian population.\n23.5.2011\n22.\nIhab ( ) (a.k.a. Ehab, Iehab) MAKHLOUF ( )\nDate of birth: 21.1.1973;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nPassport No N002848852;\nGender: male\nLeading businessman operating in Syria. Vice President of, and shareholder in, Syriatel, the leading mobile telephone operator in Syria. He also has business interests in several other Syrian companies and entities, including Ramak Construction Co and Syrian International Private University for Science and Technology (SIUST).\nAs Vice President of Syriatel, which transfers a significant part of its profits to the Syrian government by way of its licensing contract, Ihab Makhlouf is also directly supporting the Syrian regime.\nHe is an influential member of the Makhlouf family and closely connected to the Assad family; cousin of President Bashar al‐Assad.\n23.5.2011\n23.\nZoulhima ( ) (a.k.a. Zu al‐Himma) CHALICHE ( ) (a.k.a. Shalish, Shaleesh)\n(a.k.a. Dhu al‐Himma Shalish)\nDate of birth: 1946 or 1951 or 1956;\nPlace of birth: Kerdaha, Syria;\nRank: Major General;\nGender: male\nOfficer of the Syrian security and intelligence services in post after May 2011; former Head of Presidential Security.\nMember of the Syrian Armed Forces of the rank of Major General in post after May 2011.\nInvolved in violence against demonstrators.\nMember of the Assad family; cousin of President Bashar al‐Assad.\n23.6.2011\n24.\nRiyad ( ) CHALICHE ( ) (a.k.a. Shalish, Shaleesh)\n(a.k.a. Riyad Shalish)\nFunction: chairman of Riyad Isa Development Corporation;\nGender: male\nFormer Director of Military Housing Establishment; provides funding to the Syrian regime; first cousin of President Bashar al‐Assad.\n23.6.2011\n25.\nBrigadier Commander Mohammad ( ) (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) Ali ( ) JAFARI ( ) (a.k.a. Jaafari, Ja'fari, Aziz; a.k.a. Jafari, Ali; a.k.a. Jafari, Mohammad Ali; a.k.a. Ja'fari, Mohammad Ali; a.k.a. Jafari‐Naja‐fabadi, Mohammad Ali)\nDate of birth: 1.9.1957;\nPlace of birth: Yazd, Iran;\nGender: male\nHead of ‘Baqiayt Allah’, cultural organisation of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. General Commander of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps until 21.4.2019, involved in providing equipment and support to help the Syrian regime suppress protests in Syria.\n23.6.2011\n27.\nHossein ( ) TAEB ( )\n(a.k.a. Taeb, Hassan; a.k.a. Taeb, Hosein; a.k.a. Taeb, Hossein; a.k.a. Taeb, Hussayn; a.k.a. Hojjatoleslam Hossein Ta'eb)\nDate of birth: 1963;\nPlace of birth: Tehran, Iran;\nGender: male\nDirector of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Intelligence Service. Former Deputy Commander for Intelligence of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, involved in providing equipment and support to help the Syrian regime suppress protests in Syria.\n23.6.2011\n28.\nKhalid ( ) (a.k.a. Khaled) QADDUR ( ) (a.k.a. Qadour, Qaddour, Kaddour)\nGender: male\nLeading businessperson operating in Syria, with interests and/or activities in the telecommunications, oil and plastic industry sectors and close business relations with Maher al‐Assad.\nHe benefits from and provides support to the Syrian regime, through his business activities.\nAssociate of Maher al‐Assad, including through his business activities.\n27.1.2015\n29.\nRa'if ( ) AL‐QUWATLY ( )\n(a.k.a. Ri'af al‐Quwatli a.k.a. Raeef al‐Kouatly)\nDate of birth: 3.2.1967;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nBusiness associate of Maher al‐Assad and responsible for managing some of his business interests; provides funding to the Syrian regime.\n23.6.2011\n30.\nMohammad ( ) (a.k.a. Muhammad, Mohamed, Mohammed) MUFLEH ( ) (a.k.a. Muflih)\nGender: male\nHead of Syrian Military Intelligence in the town of Hama; involved in the crackdown on demonstrators.\n1.8.2011\n31.\nMajor General Tawfiq ( ) (a.k.a. Tawfik) YOUNES ( ) (a.k.a. Yunes)\nGender: male\nFormer head of the Department for Internal Security of the General Intelligence Directorate; involved in violence against the civilian population.\n1.8.2011\n32.\nMohammed ( ) MAKHLOUF ( )\n(a.k.a. Abu Rami)\nDate of birth: 19.10.1932;\nPlace of birth: Latakia, Syria;\nGender: male\nInfluential member of the Makhlouf family; business associate and father of Rami, Ihab and Iyad Makhlouf. Closely associated with the Assad family and maternal uncle of Bashar and Maher al‐Assad. Also referred to as Abu Rami.\nLeading businessperson operating in Syria, with interests and/or activities in multiple sectors of Syria’s economy, including interests in and/or significant influence in the General Organisation of Tobacco and the oil and gas, arms and banking sectors.\nInvolved in business dealings for the Syrian regime in arms procurement and banking. Given the extent of his business and political ties to the Syrian regime, he provides support to and benefits from the regime.\n1.8.2011\n33.\nAyman ( ) JABIR ( )\n(a.k.a. Aiman Jaber)\nPlace of birth: Latakia, Syria;\nGender: male\nLeading businessman operating in Syria, involved in the steel, media, consumable goods and oil sectors, including in trading these goods. He has financial interests and/or holds senior executive positions in a number of companies and entities in Syria, in particular Al Jazira (a.k.a. Al Jazerra, El Jazireh), Dunia TV and Sama Satellite Channel.\nThrough his company Al Jazira, Ayman Jaber has facilitated the importation of oil from Overseas Petroleum Trading to Syria.\nAyman Jaber benefits from and provides support to the Syrian regime, through his business interests.\nProvides direct support for and plays a leading role in activities of regime‐affiliated militias known as Shabiha and/or Suqur as‐Sahraa.\nAssociate of Rami Makhlouf through his business activities, and an associate of Maher al‐Assad through his role in regime‐affiliated militias.\n27.1.2015\n34.\nHayel ( ) AL‐ASSAD ( )\n(a.k.a. Hael al‐Asad (هاىلالأسد))\nGender: male\nAssistant to Maher al‐Assad; Head of the military police unit of the army’s 4th Division, involved in repression.\n23.8.2011\n35.\nAli ( ) AL‐SALIM ( ) (a.k.a. al‐Saleem)\nGender: male\nDirector of the supplies office of the Syrian Ministry of Defence, entry point for all arms acquisitions by the Syrian army.\n23.8.2011\n36.\nNizar ( ) AL‐ASSAD ( ) (a.k.a. al‐Asad; Assad; Asad)\nGender: male\nLeading Syrian businessperson with close ties to the regime. Cousin of Bashar al‐Assad, and associated with the Assad and Makhlouf families.\nAs such, has been participating in, benefitting from or otherwise supporting the Syrian regime.\nLeading oil investor and previously head of the ‘Nizar Oilfield Supplies’ company.\n23.8.2011\n37.\nMajor General Rafiq ( ) (a.k.a. Rafeeq) SHAHADAH ( ) (a.k.a. Shahada, Shahade, Shahadeh, Chahada, Chahade, Chahadeh, Chahada)\nDate of birth: 1956;\nPlace of birth: Jablah, Latakia Province, Syria;\nGender: male\nMember of the Syrian Armed Forces of the rank of Major General in post after May 2011. Former Head of Syrian Military Intelligence (SMI) Branch 293 (Internal Affairs) in Damascus. Directly involved in repression and violence against the civilian population in Damascus. Advisor to President Bashar al‐Assad for strategic questions and military intelligence.\n23.8.2011\n40.\nMuhammad ( ) (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohammed) Said ( ) (a.k.a. Sa'id, Sa'eed, Saeed) BUKHAYTAN ( )\nGender: male\nAssistant Regional Secretary of the Ba’ath Arab Socialist Party since 2005; from 2000 to 2005 Director for the national security of the regional Ba’ath party. Former Governor of Hama (1998‐2000). Close associate of President Bashar al‐Assad and Maher al‐Assad. Senior decision‐maker in the regime on repression of civilian population.\n23.8.2011\n41.\nAli ( ) DOUBA ( )\nDate of birth: 1933;\nPlace of birth: Karfis, Syria;\nGender: male\nSpecial Advisor to President Bashar al‐Assad.\nAs Special Advisor, participates in, benefits from and supports the Syrian regime. Has been involved in violently repressing the civilian population in Syria.\n23.8.2011\n42.\nBrigadier‐General Nawful ( ) (a.k.a. Nawfal, Nofal, Nawfel) AL‐HUSAYN ( ) (a.k.a. al‐Hussain, al‐Hussein)\nGender: male\nIdlib Syrian Military Intelligence (SMI) Branch Chief. Directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population in Idlib province.\n23.8.2011\n43.\nBrigadier Husam ( ) SUKKAR ( )\nGender: male\nPresidential Adviser on Security Affairs. Presidential Adviser for security agencies’ repression of and violence against the civilian population in Syria.\n23.8.2011\n44.\nBrigadier‐General Muhammed ( ) (a.k.a. Muhamad) ZAMRINI ( ) (a.k.a. Zamreni)\nGender: male\nBranch Chief for Syrian Military Intelligence (SMI) in Homs. Directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population in Homs.\n23.8.2011\n45.\nMunir ( ) (a.k.a. Mounir, Mouneer, Monir, Moneer, Muneer) ADANOV ( ) (a.k.a. Adnuf, Adanof)\nDate of birth: 1951;\nPlace of birth: Homs, Syria;\nPassport No 0000092405;\nPosition: Deputy Chief of General Staff, Operations and Training, Syrian Army;\nRank: Lieutenant‐General, Syrian Arab Army;\nGender: male\nOfficer of the rank of Lieutenant General and Deputy Chief of General Staff, Operations and Training for the Syrian Army in post after May 2011. In his position as Deputy Chief of General Staff he was directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population in Syria.\n23.8.2011\n46.\nBrigadier‐General Ghassan ( ) KHALIL ( ) (a.k.a. Khaleel)\nGender: male\nHead of General Intelligence Directorate’s Information Branch. Directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population in Syria.\n23.8.2011\n47.\nMohammed ( ) (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohamed) JABIR ( ) (a.k.a. Jaber)\nPlace of birth: Latakia, Syria;\nGender: male\nShabiha militia. Associate of Maher al‐Assad for the Shabiha militia. Directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population, and in coordination of Shabiha militia groups.\n23.8.2011\n48.\nSamir ( ) HASSAN ( )\nGender: male\nLeading businessperson operating in Syria, with interests and/or activities in multiple sectors of Syria’s economy. He holds interests in and/or has significant influence in the Amir Group and Cham Holding, two conglomerates with interests in the real estate, tourism, transport and finance sectors. From March 2014 until September 2018, he held the position of Chairman for Russia of the Bilateral Business Councils following his appointment by Minister of Economy, Khodr Orfali.\nSamir Hassan supports the Syrian regime’s war effort with cash donations.\nSamir Hassan is associated with persons benefitting from or supporting the regime. In particular, he is associated with Rami Makhlouf and Issam Anbouba, who have been designated by the Council and benefit from the Syrian regime.\n27.9.2014\n49.\nFares ( ) CHEHABI ( )\n(a.k.a. Fares Shihabi; Fares Chihabi)\nSon of Ahmad Chehabi;\nDate of birth: 7.5.1972;\nGender: male\nPresident of Aleppo Chamber of Industry; Chairman of the Federation of Chambers of Industry since 16.12.2018. Vice‐Chairman of Cham Holding. Provides economic support to the Syrian regime. Member of Syrian Parliament since 2016.\n2.9.2011\n50.\nTarif ( ) AKHRAS ( ) (a.k.a. Al Akhras ( ))\nDate of birth: 2.6.1951;\nPlace of birth: Homs, Syria;\nSyrian passport No 0000092405;\nGender: male\nProminent businessman benefiting from and supporting the Syrian regime. Founder of the Akhras Group (commodities, trading, processing and logistics) and former Chairman of the Homs Chamber of Commerce. Close business relations with President Bashar al‐Assad’s family. Member of the Board of the Federation of Syrian Chambers of Commerce. Provided logistical support for the regime (buses and tank loaders).\n2.9.2011\n51.\nIssam ( ) ANBOUBA ( )\nPresident of Anbouba for Agricultural Industries Co.;\nDate of birth: 1952;\nPlace of birth: Homs, Syria;\nGender: male\nProviding financial support for the repressive apparatus and the paramilitary groups exerting violence against the civil population in Syria. Providing property (premises, warehouses) for improvised detention centres. Financial relations with high‐ranking Syrian officials. Co‐founder and member of the board of Cham Holding.\n2.9.2011\n53.\nAdib ( ) MAYALEH ( )\n(a.k.a. André Mayard)\nDate of birth: 15.5.1955;\nPlace of birth: Bassir, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Governor and Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Central Bank of Syria.\nAdib Mayaleh controlled the Syrian banking sector and managed the Syrian money supply through the issue and withdrawal of bank notes and control of the foreign exchange rate value of the Syrian Pound. Through his role at the Central Bank of Syria, Adib Mayaleh provided economic and financial support to the Syrian regime.\nFormer Minister of Economy and Foreign Trade in power after May 2011.\n15.5.2012\n54.\nMajor General Jumah ( ) AL‐AHMAD ( ) (a.k.a. al‐Ahmed)\nGender: male\nCommander Special Forces. Responsible for the use of violence against protestors across Syria.\n14.11.2011\n55.\nColonel Lu'ai ( ) (a.k.a. Louay, Loai) AL‐ALI ( )\nPlace of birth: Jablah, Latakia Province, Syria;\nGender: male\nHead of Syrian Military Intelligence, Dara’a Branch. Responsible for violence against protesters in Dara’a.\n14.11.2011\n56.\nAli ( ) Abdullah ( ) (a.k.a. Abdallah) AYYUB ( ) (a.k.a. Ayyoub, Ayub, Ayoub, Ayob)\nDate of birth: 1952\nPlace of birth: Lattakia, Syria;\nGender: male\nMinister of Defence. Appointed in January 2018. Officer of the rank of General in the Syrian Army, in post after May 2011. Former Chief of General Staff of the Syrian Armed Forces. Person supporting the Syrian regime and responsible for repression of and violence against the civilian population in Syria.\n14.11.2011\n57.\nFahd ( ) (a.k.a. Fahid, Fahed) Jasim ( ) (a.k.a. Jasem, Jassim, Jassem) AL‐FURAYJ ( ) (a.k.a. al‐Freij)\nDate of birth: 1.1.1950;\nPlace of birth: Hama, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Defence. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.\n14.11.2011\n58.\nMajor General Aous ( ) (a.k.a. Aws, Aus) ‘Ali’ ASLAN ( )\nDate of birth: 1958;\nGender: male\nHigh‐ranking officer. Close to Maher al‐Assad and President Bashar al‐Assad. Former positions: Commander of the 40th Brigade (4th Division) between 2011 and 2014; deputy Commander of the 4th Division in 2015; Commander of the 2nd Corps in 2016. Involved in the crackdown on the civilian population across Syria, including arbitrary arrests, mass killings and forced displacements of civilian population.\n14.11.2011\n59.\nGeneral Ghassan ( ) BELAL ( ) (a.k.a. Bilal)\nGender: male\nHead of the 4th Division security bureau, head of the 555th paratrooper regiment. Adviser to Maher al‐Assad and coordinator of security operations. Responsible for the crackdown on the civilian population across Syria and involved in several breaches of cessation of hostilities in the Ghouta.\n14.11.2011\n60.\nAbdullah ( ) (a.k.a. Abdallah) BERRI ( )\nGender: male\nHead of the Berri family militia. In charge of pro‐government militia involved in the crackdown on the civilian population in Aleppo.\n14.11.2011\n61.\nGeorge ( ) CHAOUI ( )\nGender: male\nMember of the Syrian electronic army (territorial army intelligence service).. Involved in the violent crackdown and call for violence against the civilian population across Syria.\n14.11.2011\n62.\nZuhair ( ) (a.k.a. Zouheir, Zuheir, Zouhair) HAMAD ( )\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nRank: Major General;\nPosition: Deputy Head of General Intelligence Directorate (a.k.a. General Security Directorate) since July 2012;\nGender: male\nOfficer of the rank of Major General in the Syrian Armed Forces in post after May 2011. Deputy Head of General Intelligence Directorate. Responsible for repression, human rights abuses and violence against the civilian population in Syria.\n14.11.2011\n63.\nAmar ( ) (a.k.a. Ammar) ISMAEL ( ) (a.k.a. Ismail)\nDate of birth on or around 3.4.1973;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nCivilian ‐ Head of Syrian electronic army (territorial army intelligence service). Involved in the violent crackdown and call for violence against the civilian population across Syria.\n14.11.2011\n64.\nMujahed ( ) ISMAIL ( ) (a.k.a. Ismael)\nGender: male\nMember of Syrian electronic army (territorial army intelligence service). Involved in the violent crackdown and call for violence against the civilian population across Syria.\n14.11.2011\n65.\nMajor General Nazih ( )\nGender: male\nDeputy Director of General Intelligence Directorate. Responsible for the use of violence across Syria and intimidation and torture of protestors.\n14.11.2011\n66.\nMajor General Kifah ( ) MOULHEM ( ) (a.k.a. Moulhim, Mulhem, Mulhim, Milhem)\nPlace of birth: Junaynat Ruslan, Tartous province, Syria;\nGender: male\nHead of the Military Intelligence Directorate since March 2019. Former Head of the Security Committee in the Southern region and former deputy head of the Military Intelligence directorate, leading the regime’s operation in Homs and Aleppo regions. Responsible for the crackdown on the civilian population in Deir ez‐Zor and the main individual responsible for the violent repression committed by the Military Intelligence Directorate (Branch 248) throughout 2011 and 2012 as well as torture and severe violations on detainees.\n14.11.2011\n67.\nMajor General Wajih ( ) (a.k.a. Wajeeh) MAHMUD ( )\nGender: male\nCommander 18th Armoured Division. Responsible for the violence against protestors in Homs.\n14.11.2011\n69.\nLt. General Talal ( ) Mustafa ( ) TLASS ( )\nGender: male\nDeputy Chief of General Staff (Logistics and supplies). Responsible for the use of violence against protestors across Syria.\n14.11.2011\n70.\nMajor General Fu'ad ( ) TAWIL ( )\nGender: male\nDeputy head of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence. Responsible for the use of violence across Syria and intimidation and torture of protestors.\n14.11.2011\n71.\nBushra ( ) AL‐ASSAD ( )\n(a.k.a. Bushra Shawkat, Bouchra Al Assad)\nDate of birth: 24.10.1960;\nGender: female\nMember of the Assad family; sister of President Bashar al‐Assad. Given the close personal relationship and intrinsic financial relationship to President Bashar al‐Assad, she benefits from and is associated with the Syrian regime.\n23.3.2012\n72.\nAsma ( ) AL‐ASSAD ( )\n(a.k.a. Asma Fawaz Al Akhras)\nDate of birth: 11.8.1975;\nPlace of birth: London, UK;\nPassport No 707512830, expires 22.9.2020;\nMaiden name: Al Akhras;\nGender: female\nMember of the Assad family and closely connected to key regime figures; wife of President Bashar al‐Assad. Given the close personal relationship and intrinsic financial relationship to President Bashar al‐Assad, she benefits from and is associated with the Syrian regime.\n23.3.2012\n73.\nManal ( ) AL‐ASSAD ( )\n(a.k.a. Manal Al Ahmad)\nDate of birth: 2.2.1970;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nPassport No (Syrian) 0000000914;\nMaiden name: Al Jadaan;\nGender: female\nWife of Maher al‐Assad, and as such benefits from and is closely associated with the Syrian regime.\n23.3.2012\n74.\nMohammad Walid GHAZAL\nDate of birth: 1951;\nPlace of birth: Aleppo, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Housing and Urban Development (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n21.10.2014\n76.\nMajor General Ibrahim ( ) AL‐HASSAN ( ) (a.k.a. al‐Hasan)\nGender: male\nDeputy Chief of Staff. Military official involved in the violence in Homs.\n1.12.2011\n77.\nBrigadier Khalil ( ) (a.k.a. Khaleel) ZGHRAYBIH ( , ) (a.k.a. Zghraybeh, Zghraybe, Zghrayba, Zghraybah, Zaghraybeh, Zaghraybe, Zaghrayba, Zaghraybah, Zeghraybeh, Zeghraybe, Zeghrayba, Zeghraybah, Zughraybeh, Zughraybe, Zughrayba, Zughraybah, Zighraybeh, Zighraybe, Zighrayba, Zighraybah)\nGender: male\n14th Division. Military official involved in the violence in Homs.\n1.12.2011\n78.\nMajor General Ali ( ) BARAKAT ( )\nGender: male\n103rd Brigade of the Republican Guard Division. Military official involved in the violence in Homs. Promoted to Major General in 2017.\n1.12.2011\n79.\nMajor General Talal ( ) MAKHLUF ( ) (a.k.a. Makhlouf)\nGender: male\nFormer commander of the 105th Brigade of the Republican Guards. Former Commander General of the Republican Guards. Current Commander of the 2nd Corps. Member of the Syrian Armed Forces of the rank of Major General in post after May 2011. Military official involved in the violence in Damascus.\n1.12.2011\n80.\nMajor General Nazih ( ) (a.k.a. Nazeeh) HASSUN ( ) (a.k.a. Hassoun)\nGender: male\nOfficer of the rank of Major General in the Syrian Armed Forces in post after May 2011. Head of the Political Security Directorate of the Syrian security services in post after May 2011. Responsible for violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.\n1.12.2011\n81.\nCaptain Maan ( ) (a.k.a. Ma'an) JDIID ( ) (a.k.a. Jdid, Jedid, Jedeed, Jadeed, Jdeed)\nGender: male\nPresidential Guard. Military official involved in the violence in Homs.\n1.12.2011\n82.\nMohammad ( ) (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) AL‐SHAAR ( ) (a.k.a. al‐Chaar, al‐Sha'ar, al‐Cha'ar)\nGender: male\nPolitical Security Division. Military official involved in the violence in Homs.\n1.12.2011\n83.\nKhald ( ) (a.k.a. Khaled) AL‐TAWEEL ( ) (a.k.a. al‐Tawil)\nGender: male\nPolitical Security Division. Military official involved in the violence in Homs.\n1.12.2011\n84.\nGhiath ( ) FAYAD ( ) (a.k.a. Fayyad)\nGender: male\nPolitical Security Division. Military official involved in the violence in Homs.\n1.12.2011\n85.\nBrigadier General Jawdat ( ) Ibrahim ( ) SAFI ( )\nPosition: Commander of the 154th Regiment;\nGender: male\nOrdered troops to shoot at protestors in and around Damascus, including Mo’adamiyeh, Douma, Abasiyeh, Duma.\n23.1.2012\n86.\nMajor General Muhammad ( ) (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohammed) Ali ( ) DURGHAM\nPosition: Commander of the 4th Division;\nGender: male\nOrdered troops to shoot at protestors in and around Damascus, including Mo’adamiyeh, Douma, Abasiyeh, Duma.\n23.1.2012\n87.\nMajor General Ramadan ( ) Mahmoud ( ) RAMADAN ( )\nPosition: Commander of the 35th Special Forces Regiment;\nGender: male\nOrdered troops to shoot protestors in Baniyas and Deraa.\n23.1.2012\n89.\nMajor General Naim ( ) (a.k.a. Naaeem, Naeem, Na'eem, Naaim, Na'im) Jasem ( ) SULEIMAN ( )\nPosition: Commander of the 3rd Division;\nGender: male\nGave orders to troops to shoot protestors in Douma.\n23.1.2012\n90.\nBrigadier General Jihad ( ) Mohamed ( ) (a.k.a Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohammed) SULTAN ( )\nPosition: Commander of the 65th Brigade;\nGender: male\nGave orders to troops to shoot protestors in Douma.\n23.1.2012\n91.\nMajor General Fo'ad ( ) (a.k.a. Fouad, Fu'ad) HAMOUDEH ( ) (a.k.a. Hammoudeh, Hammoude, Hammouda, Hammoudah)\nPosition: Commander of the military operations in Idlib;\nGender: male\nGave orders to troops to shoot protestors in Idlib at the beginning of September 2011.\n23.1.2012\n92.\nMajor General Bader ( ) AQEL ( )\nPosition: Special Forces Commander;\nGender: male\nGave soldiers orders to pick up the bodies and hand them over to the mukhabarat and responsible for the violence in Bukamal.\n23.1.2012\n93.\nBrigadier General Ghassan ( ) AFIF ( ) (a.k.a. Afeef)\nPosition: Commander of the 45th Regiment;\nGender: male\nCommander of military operations in Homs, Baniyas and Idlib.\n23.1.2012\n94.\nBrigadier General Mohamed ( ) (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohammed) MAARUF ( ) (a.k.a. Maarouf, Ma'ruf)\nPosition: Commander of the 45th Regiment;\nGender: male\nCommander of military operations in Homs. Gave orders to shoot protestors in Homs.\n23.1.2012\n95.\nBrigadier General Yousef ( ) ISMAIL ( ) (a.k.a. Ismael)\nPosition: Commander of the 134th Brigade;\nGender: male\nGave orders to troops to shoot at houses and people on roofs during a funeral in Talbiseh for protesters killed the previous day.\n23.1.2012\n96.\nBrigadier General Jamal ( ) YUNES ( ) (a.k.a. Younes)\nPosition: Commander of the 555th Regiment;\nGender: male\nGave orders to troops to shoot at protestors in Mo’adamiyeh.\n23.1.2012\n98.\nBrigadier General Ali ( ) DAWWA\nGender: male\nGave orders to troops to shoot protestors in Al‐Herak.\n23.1.2012\n99.\nMajor General Mohamed ( ) (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohammed) KHADDOR ( ) (a.k.a. Khaddour, Khaddur, Khadour, Khudour)\nPosition: Commander of the 106th Brigade, Presidential Guard;\nGender: male\nGave orders to troops to beat protesters with sticks and then arrest them. Responsible for repression of peaceful protestors in Douma.\n23.1.2012\n101.\nWafiq ( ) (a.k.a. Wafeeq) NASSER ( )\nPosition: Head of Suwayda Regional Branch (Department of Military Intelligence);\nGender: male\nAs Head of the Suwayda Regional Branch of the Department for Military Intelligence, responsible for arbitrary detention and torture of detainees in Suwayda.\n23.1.2012\n102.\nAhmed ( ) (a.k.a. Ahmad) DIBE ( ) (a.k.a. Dib, Deeb)\nHead of Deraa Regional Branch (General Security Directorate);\nGender: male\nAs Head of the Deraa Regional Branch of the General Security Directorate, responsible for arbitrary detention and torture of detainees in Deraa.\n23.1.2012\n103.\nMakhmoud ( ) (a.k.a. Mahmoud) AL‐KHATTIB ( ) (a.k.a. al‐Khatib, al‐Khateeb)\nPosition: Head of Investigative Branch (Political Security Directorate);\nGender: male\nAs Head of the Investigative Branch of the Political Security Directorate, responsible for detention and torture of detainees.\n23.1.2012\n104.\nMohamed ( ) (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohammed) Heikmat ( ) (a.k.a. Hikmat, Hekmat) IBRAHIM ( )\nPosition: Major General. Head of the police of Al‐Hassaka;\nGender: male\nHead of the police of Al‐Hassaka. Major General. As former Head of the Operations Branch of the Political Security Directorate, was responsible for detention and torture of detainees.\n23.1.2012\n105.\nNasser ( ) (a.k.a. Naser) AL‐ALI ( )\n(a.k.a. Brigadier General Nasr al‐Ali)\nPosition: Head of the Political Security Directorate;\nGender: male\nHead of the Political Security Directorate since July 2019. Responsible for detention and torture of detainees.\n23.1.2012\n106.\nDr. Wael ( ) Nader ( ) AL–HALQI ( ) (a.k.a. al‐Halki)\nDate of birth: 1964;\nPlace of birth: Dara’a Province, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Prime Minister, in office until 3.7.2016, and former Minister of Health. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. Chair of the Board of Trustees of the Qasyoun Private University.\n27.2.2012\n107.\nMohammad Ibrahim AL‐SHA'AR\nDate of birth: 1956;\nPlace of birth: Aleppo, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of the Interior. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. Vice Chair of the National Progressive Front of Syria.\n1.12.2011\n108.\nMohammad ( ) (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) AL‐JLEILATI ( )\nDate of birth: 1945;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Finance, in office until 9.2.2013. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n1.12.2011\n109.\nImad ( ) Mohammad ( ) (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) Deeb ( ) KHAMIS ( )\n(a.k.a. Imad Mohammad Dib Khamees)\nDate of birth: 1.8.1961;\nPlace of birth: near Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nPrime Minister and former Minister of Electricity. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n23.3.2012\n110.\nOmar ( ) Ibrahim ( ) GHALAWANJI ( )\nDate of birth: 1954;\nPlace of birth: Tartous, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Vice Prime Minister for Services Affairs, former Minister of Local Administration, in office until 3.7.2016. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n23.3.2012\n111.\nJoseph ( ) SUWAID ( )\nDate of birth: 1958;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of State, in office until at least 21.1.2014. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. Chair of the Amana wing of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party.\n23.3.2012\n112.\nHussein ( ) (a.k.a. Hussain) Mahmoud ( ) FARZAT ( )\n(a.k.a.: Hussein Mahmud Farzat)\nDate of birth: 1957;\nPlace of birth: Hama, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of State, in office until at least 2014. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n23.3.2012\n113.\nMansour ( ) Fadlallah ( ) AZZAM ( )\n(a.k.a.: Mansur Fadl Allah Azzam)\nDate of birth: 1960;\nPlace of birth: Sweida Province, Syria;\nGender: male\nMinister for Presidency Affairs. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n27.2.2012\n114.\nEmad ( ) Abdul‐Ghani ( ) SABOUNI ( )\n(a.k.a. Imad Abdul Ghani Al Sabuni)\nDate of birth: 1964;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Telecommunications and Technology, in office until at least April 2014. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. Appointed in July 2016 as the Head of Planning and International Cooperation Agency (government agency).\n27.2.2012\n115.\nGeneral Ali ( ) Habib ( ) (a.k.a. Habeeb) MAHMOUD ( )\nDate of birth: 1939;\nPlace of birth: Tartous, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Defence. Associated with the Syrian regime and the Syrian military, and its violent repression of the civilian population.\n1.8.2011\n116.\nTayseer ( ) Qala ( ) AWWAD ( )\nDate of birth: 1943;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Justice. Associated with the Syrian regime and its violent repression of the civilian population. Former Head of Military Court. Member of the High Judicial Council.\n23.9.2011\n117.\nAdnan ( ) Hassan ( ) MAHMOUD ( )\nDate of birth: 1966;\nPlace of birth: Tartous, Syria;\nGender: male\nSyrian Ambassador to Iran. Former Minister of Information in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n23.9.2011\n118.\nKhalaf Souleymane ABDALLAH\n(a.k.a. Khalaf Sleiman al‐Abdullah)\nDate of birth: 1960;\nPlace of birth: Deir ez‐Zor, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Labour in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n21.10.2014\n119.\nSufian ( ) ALLAW ( )\nDate of birth: 1944;\nPlace of birth: al‐Bukamal, Deir Ezzor, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Oil and Mineral Resources. Associated with the Syrian regime and its violent repression of the civilian population.\n27.2.2012\n120.\nDr. Adnan ( ) SLAKHO ( )\nDate of birth: 1955;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Industry. Associated with the Syrian regime and its violent repression of the civilian population.\n27.2.2012\n121.\nDr. Saleh ( ) AL‐RASHED ( )\nDate of birth: 1964;\nPlace of birth: Aleppo Province, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Education. Associated with the Syrian regime and its violent repression of the civilian population.\n27.2.2012\n122.\nDr. Fayssal ( ) (a.k.a. Faysal) ABBAS ( )\nDate of birth: 1955;\nPlace of birth: Hama Province, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Transport. Associated with the Syrian regime and its violent repression of the civilian population.\n27.2.2012\n123.\nGhiath ( ) JERAATLI ( ) (a.k.a. Jer'atli, Jir'atli, Jiraatli)\nDate of birth: 1950;\nPlace of birth: Salamiya, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of State. Associated with the Syrian regime and its violent repression of the civilian population.\n23.3.2012\n124.\nYousef ( ) Suleiman ( ) AL‐AHMAD ( ) (a.k.a. al‐Ahmed)\nDate of birth: 1956;\nPlace of birth: Hasaka, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of State. Associated with the Syrian regime and its violent repression of the civilian population.\n23.3.2012\n125.\nHassan ( , ) AL‐SARI ( )\nDate of birth: 1953;\nPlace of birth: Hama, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of State. Associated with the Syrian regime and its violent repression of the civilian population.\n23.3.2012\n126.\nBouthaina ( ) SHAABAN ( )\n(a.k.a. Buthaina Shaaban)\nDate of birth: 1953;\nPlace of birth: Homs, Syria;\nGender: female\nPolitical and Media Advisor to the President since July 2008 and as such associated with the violent crackdown on the civilian population.\n26.6.2012\n127.\nBrigadier General Sha'afiq ( ) (a.k.a. Shafiq, Shafik) MASA ( ) (a.k.a. Massa)\nDate of birth: 1956;\nPlace of birth: Al‐Zara (Hama), Syria;\nGender: male\nHead of Branch 215 (Damascus) of the army’s intelligence service. Responsible for the torture of detained opponents. Involved in repressive actions against civilians.\n24.7.2012\n128.\nBrigadier General Burhan ( ) QADOUR ( ) (a.k.a. Qaddour, Qaddur)\nGender: male\nFormer Head of Branch 291 (Damascus) of the army’s intelligence service. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.\n24.7.2012\n129.\nBrigadier General Salah ( ) HAMAD ( )\nGender: male\nDeputy Head of Branch 291 of the army’s intelligence service. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.\n24.7.2012\n130.\nBrigadier General Muhammad ( ) (a.k.a. Mohammed) KHALLOUF ( ) (a.k.a. Abou Ezzat)\nGender: male\nFormer (2009‐2014) Head of Branch 235 a.k.a. ‘Palestine’ (Damascus) of the army’s intelligence service, which is at the centre of the army’s apparatus of repression. Directly involved in repression of opponents. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.\n24.7.2012\n131.\nMajor General Riad ( ) (a.k.a. Riyad) AL‐AHMED ( ) (a.k.a. al‐Ahmad)\nGender: male\nDeputy Head of Latakia Branch of the army’s intelligence service. Responsible for the torture and murder of opponents in custody.\n24.7.2012\n132.\nBrigadier General Abdul‐Salam ( ) Fajr ( ) MAHMOUD ( )\nGender: male\nHead of the Bab Tuma (Damascus) Branch of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service. Former Head of the Mezze Airport Air Force intelligence investigation branch. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody. Under international arrest warrant for ‘complicity in acts of torture’, ‘complicity in crimes against humanity’ and ‘complicity in war crimes’.\n24.7.2012\n133.\nBrigadier General Jawdat ( ) AL‐AHMED ( ) (a.k.a. al‐Ahmad)\nPlace of birth: Qardaha, Lattakia province, Syria;\nGender: male\nHead of the Homs Branch of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody as well as killings of peaceful protesters.\n24.7.2012\n134.\nColonel Qusay ( ) MIHOUB ( )\nDate of birth: 1961;\nPlace of birth: Derghamo, Jableh, Lattakia, Syria;\nGender: male\nHigh‐ranking officer at the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service. Former Head of the Deraa branch of the air force's intelligence service (sent from Damascus to Deraa at the start of demonstrations there). Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody as well as the violent repression of peaceful protests in the southern region.\n24.7.2012\n135.\nBrigadier General Suhail ( ) (a.k.a. Suheil) AL‐ABDULLAH ( ) (a.k.a. al‐Abdallah)\nGender: male\nHead of the Latakia Branch of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.\n24.7.2012\n136.\nBrigadier General Khudr ( ) KHUDR ( )\nGender: male\nHead of the Latakia branch of the General Intelligence Directorate. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.\n24.7.2012\n137.\nBrigadier General Ibrahim ( ) MA'ALA ( ) (a.k.a. Maala, Maale, Ma'la)\nGender: male\nHead of Branch 285 (Damascus) of the General Intelligence Directorate (replaced Brigadier General Hussam Fendi at the end of 2011). Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.\n24.7.2012\n138.\nBrigadier General Firas ( ) AL‐HAMED ( ) (a.k.a. al‐Hamid)\nGender: male\nHead of Branch 318 (Homs) of the General Intelligence Directorate. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.\n24.7.2012\n139.\nMajor General Hussam ( ) (a.k.a. Husam, Housam, Houssam) LUQA ( ) (a.k.a. Louqa, Louca, Louka, Luka)\nDate of birth: 1964;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nHead of the General Security Directorate. Major General. From April 2012 to 2.12.2018, was head of the Homs branch of the Political Security Directorate (succeeded Brigadier General Nasr al‐Ali). Since 3.12.2018, head of the Political Security Directorate. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.\n24.7.2012\n140.\nBrigadier General Taha ( ) TAHA ( )\nGender: male\nSite manager of the Latakia branch of the Political Security Directorate. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody.\n24.7.2012\n141.\nBassel ( ) (a.k.a. Basel) BILAL ( )\nGender: male\nPolice officer at Idlib central prison; has taken part directly in acts of torture of opponents held in Idlib central prison.\n24.7.2012\n142.\nAhmad ( ) (a.k.a. Ahmed) KAFAN ( )\nGender: male\nPolice officer at Idlib central prison; has taken part directly in acts of torture of opponents held in Idlib central prison.\n24.7.2012\n143.\nBassam ( ) AL‐MISRI ( )\nGender: male\nPolice officer at Idlib central prison; has taken part directly in acts of torture of opponents held in Idlib central prison.\n24.7.2012\n144.\nAhmed ( ) (a.k.a. Ahmad) AL‐JARROUCHEH ( ) (a.k.a. al‐Jarousha, al‐Jarousheh, al‐Jaroucha, al‐Jarouchah, al‐Jaroucheh)\nDate of birth: 1957;\nGender: male\nFormer head of the foreign branch of General Intelligence (Branch 279). As such, responsible for General Intelligence arrangements in Syrian embassies.\n24.7.2012\n145.\nMichel ( ) KASSOUHA ( ) (a.k.a. Kasouha) (a.k.a. Ahmed Salem; Ahmed Salem Hassan)\nDate of birth: 1.2.1948;\nGender: male\nMember of the Syrian security services since the early 1970s, he is involved in combating opposition in France and Germany. Since March 2006, has been responsible for public relations of Branch 273 of the Syrian General Intelligence Directorate. A longstanding member of the managerial staff, he is close to General Intelligence Directorate head Ali Mamlouk, one of the top security officials of the regime who has been subject to EU restrictive measures since 9.5.2011. He directly supports the Syrian regime’s repression of opponents and is responsible inter alia for repression of the Syrian opposition abroad.\n24.7.2012\n146.\nGeneral Ghassan ( ) Jaoudat ( ) ISMAIL ( ) (a.k.a. Ismael)\nDate of birth: 1960;\nPlace of birth: Drekish, Tartous region, Syria;\nGender: male\nHead of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service since 2019. Former deputy director of the Air Force Intelligence Service and previously in charge of the missions branch of the Air Force Intelligence Service which, in cooperation with the special operations branch, manages the elite troops of the Air Force Intelligence Service, who play an important role in the repression conducted by the Syrian regime. As such, Ghassan Jaoudat Ismail is one of the top military leaders directly implementing the violent repression of opponents conducted by the Syrian regime as well as practices of disappearance of civilians.\n24.7.2012\n147.\nMajor General Amer AL‐ACHI (a.k.a. Amer Ibrahim al‐Achi; Amis al Ashi; Ammar Aachi; Amer Ashi) ( )\nGender: male\nAppointed Governor of the Sweida Governorate by President Bashar al‐Assad on July 2016. Former Head of the intelligence branch of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service (2012‐2016). Through his role in the Air Force Intelligence Service, Amer al‐Achi is implicated in the repression of the Syrian opposition.\n24.7.2012\n148.\nGeneral Mohammed ( ) (a.k.a. Muhammad, Mohamed, Mohammad) Ali ( ) NASR ( ) (a.k.a. Mohammed Ali Naser)\nDate of birth: around 1960;\nGender: male\nClose to Maher al‐Assad, younger brother of President Bashar al‐Assad. Most of his career has been spent in the Republican Guard. In 2010 he joined the internal branch (Branch 251) of the General Intelligence Directorate which is responsible for combating the political opposition. As one of its senior officers, General Mohammed Ali Nasr is directly involved in the repression of opponents.\n24.7.2012\n149.\nGeneral Issam ( ) HALLAQ ( )\nGender: male\nAir Force Chief of Staff since 2010. Commands air operations against opponents.\n24.7.2012\n150.\nEzzedine ( ) ISMAEL ( ) (a.k.a. Ismail)\nDate of birth: middle of the 1940s (probably 1947);\nPlace of birth: Bastir, Jableh region, Syria;\nGender: male\nRetired general, longstanding member of the managerial staff of the Air Force Intelligence Service, of which he became the head in the early 2000s. Was appointed political and security adviser to the President in 2006. As political and security adviser to President Bashar al‐Assad, Ezzedine Ismael is implicated in the political repression conducted by the Syrian regime against the opposition.\n24.7.2012\n151.\nSamir ( ) (a.k.a. Sameer) JOUMAA ( ) (a.k.a. Jumaa, Jum'a, Joum'a)\n(a.k.a. Abou Sami)\nDate of birth: around 1962;\nGender: male\nFor almost 20 years he has been head of the office of Mohammad Nassif Kheir Bek, one of the main security advisers of President Bashar al‐Assad (and officially deputy to the Vice President, Farouk al‐Sharaa). Samir Joumaa’s closeness to President Bashar al‐Assad and Mohammed Nassif Kheir Bek means that he is implicated in the policy of repression conducted by the Syrian regime against its opponents.\n24.7.2012\n152.\nDr. Qadri ( ) (a.k.a. Kadri) JAMIL ( ) (a.k.a. Jameel)\nDate of birth: 1952;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Vice Prime Minister for Economic Affairs, former Minister of Domestic Trade and Consumer Protection. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n153.\nWaleed ( ) (a.k.a. Walid) AL MO'ALLEM ( ) (a.k.a. Al Moallem, Muallem ( ))\nDate of birth: 17.7.1941;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nVice Prime Minister, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Expatriates. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n155.\nDr. Mohammad ( ) (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) Abdul‐Sattar ( ) (a.k.a. Abd al‐Sattar) AL SAYED ( ) (a.k.a. Al Sayyed)\nDate of birth: 1958;\nPlace of birth: Tartous, Syria;\nGender: male\nMinister of Religious Endowments. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n156.\nHala ( ) Mohammad ( ) (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) AL NASSER ( )\nDate of birth: 1964;\nPlace of birth: Raqqa, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Tourism. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n157.\nBassam ( ) HANNA ( )\nDate of birth: 1954;\nPlace of birth: Aleppo, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Water Resources in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n158.\nSubhi ( ) Ahmad ( ) AL ABDALLAH ( ) (a.k.a. al‐Abdullah)\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n159.\nDr. Mohammad ( ) (a.k.a. Muhammad, Mohamed, Mohammed) Yahiya ( ) (a.k.a. Yehya, Yahya, Yihya, Yihia, Yahia) MOALLA ( ) (a.k.a. Mu'la, Ma'la, Muala, Maala, Mala)\nDate of birth: 1951;\nPlace of birth: Lattakia, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Higher Education. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n160.\nDr. Hazwan ( ) AL WEZ ( ) (a.k.a. Al Wazz)\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Education, appointed in July 2016.\nAs a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n161.\nDr. Mohamad ( ) (a.k.a. Muhammad, Mohamed, Mohammed, Mohammad) Zafer ( ) (a.k.a. Dhafer) MOHABAK ( ) (a.k.a. Mohabbak, Muhabak, Muhabbak)\nDate of birth: 1945\nPlace of birth: Aleppo, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Economy and Foreign Trade. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n162.\nDr. Mahmoud ( ) Ibraheem ( ) (a.k.a. Ibrahim) SA'IID ( ) (a.k.a. Said, Sa'eed, Saeed)\nDate of birth: 1953;\nPlace of birth: Lattakia, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Transport in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n163.\nDr. Safwan ( ) AL ASSAF ( )\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Housing and Urban Development. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n164.\nYasser ( ) (a.k.a. Yaser) AL SIBA'II ( ) (a.k.a. al‐Sibai, al‐Siba'i, al Sibaei)\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Public Works. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n165.\nSa'iid ( ) (a.k.a. Sa'id, Sa'eed, Saeed) MA'THI ( ) (a.k.a. Mu'zi, Mu'dhi, Ma'dhi, Ma'zi, Maazi) Hneidi ( )\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Oil and Mineral Resources. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n166.\nDr. Lubana ( ) (a.k.a. Lubanah) MUSHAWEH ( ) (a.k.a. Mshaweh, Mshawweh, Mushawweh)\nDate of birth: 1955;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: female\nFormer Minister of Culture in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n167.\nDr. Jassem ( ) (a.k.a. Jasem) Mohammad ( ) (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) ZAKARIA ( )\nDate of birth: 1968;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Labour and Social Affairs. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n169.\nDr. Adnan ( ) Abdo ( ) (a.k.a. Abdou) AL SIKHNY ( ) (a.k.a. al‐Sikhni, al‐Sekhny, al‐Sekhni)\nDate of birth: 1961;\nPlace of birth: Aleppo, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Industry. As a former Government Minister shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n170.\nNajm ( ) (a.k.a. Nejm) Hamad ( ) AL AHMAD ( ) (a.k.a. al‐Ahmed)\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Justice in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n171.\nDr. Abdul‐Salam ( ) AL NAYEF ( )\nDate of birth: 1959\nPlace of birth: Aleppo, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Health in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n172.\nAli HADAR\nDate of birth: 1962;\nGender: male\nHead of the National Reconciliation Agency and former State Minister for National Reconciliation Affairs. Chair of the Intifada wing of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n173.\nDr. Nazeera ( ) (a.k.a. Nazira, Nadheera, Nadhira) Farah ( ) SARKEES ( ) (a.k.a. Sarkis)\nDate of birth: 1962;\nPlace of birth: Aleppo, Syria;\nGender: female\nFormer State Minister for Environmental Affairs, in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n175.\nNajm‐eddin ( ) (a.k.a. Nejm‐eddin, Nejm‐eddeen, Najm‐eddeen, Nejm‐addin, Nejm‐addeen, Najm‐addeen, Najm‐addin) KHREIT ( ) (a.k.a. Khrait)\nGender: male\nFormer State Minister. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n176.\nAbdullah ( ) (a.k.a. Abdallah) Khaleel ( ) (a.k.a. Khalil) HUSSEIN ( ) a.k.a. Hussain)\nGender: male\nFormer State Minister in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n177.\nJamal ( ) Sha'ban ( ) (a.k.a. Shaaban) SHAHEEN ( )\nGender: male\nFormer State Minister in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n16.10.2012\n178.\nNizar Wahbeh YAZAJI\n(a.k.a. Nizar Wehbe Yazigi)\nDate of birth: 1961;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nMinister of Health since 27.8.2014. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n21.10.2014\n179.\nRazan ( ) OTHMAN ( )\nWife of Rami Makhlouf, daughter of Waleed (alias Walid) Othman;\nDate of birth: 31.1.1977;\nPlace of birth: Governorate of Latakia, Syria;\nID No: 06090034007\nGender: female\nRazan Othman has close personal and financial relations with Rami Makhlouf, cousin of President Bashar al‐Assad and principal financer of the regime, who has been designated by the Council. As such, associated with the Syrian regime, and benefiting from it, notably through investments in the real estate sector.\n16.10.2012\n180.\nAhmad AL‐QADRI\nDate of birth: 1956;\nGender: male\nAgriculture and Agrarian Reform Minister. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n24.6.2014\n181.\nSuleiman AL ABBAS\nGender: male\nFormer Oil and Mineral Resources Minister in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n24.6.2014\n182.\nKamal Eddin TU'MA\nDate of birth: 1959;\nGender: male\nFormer Industry Minister in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n24.6.2014\n183.\nKinda AL‐SHAMMAT (a.k.a. Shmat)\nDate of birth: 1973;\nGender: female\nFormer Social Affairs Minister in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n24.6.2014\n184.\nHassan HIJAZI\nDate of birth: 1964;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister for Labour in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n24.6.2014\n185.\nIsmael ISMAEL (a.k.a. Ismail Ismail; or Isma'Il Isma'il)\nDate of birth: 1955;\nGender: male\nFormer Finance Minister in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n24.6.2014\n186.\nDr. Khodr ORFALI (a.k.a. Khud/Khudr; Urfali/Orphaly)\nDate of birth: 1956;\nGender: male\nFormer Economy and Foreign Trade Minister in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n24.6.2014\n187.\nSamir Izzat Qadi AMIN\nDate of birth: 1966;\nGender: male\nFormer Internal Trade and Consumer Protection Minister in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n24.6.2014\n188.\nBishr Riyad YAZIGI\nDate of birth: 1972;\nGender: male\nAdvisor to President Bashar al‐Assad. Former Minister of Tourism. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n24.6.2014\n189.\nDr. Malek ( ) ALI ( ) (a.k.a. Malik Ali)\nDate of birth: 1956;\nPlace of birth: Tartous, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Higher Education Minister in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n24.6.2014\n190.\nHussein ARNOUS (a.k.a. Arnus)\nDate of birth: 1953;\nGender: male\nWater Resources Minister. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n24.6.2014\n191.\nDr. Hassib Elias SHAMMAS (a.k.a. Hasib)\nDate of birth: 1957;\nPlace of birth: Aleppo, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer State Minister in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n24.6.2014\n192.\nHashim Anwar AL‐AQQAD\n(a.k.a. Hashem Aqqad, Hashem Akkad, Hashim Akkad)\nDate of birth: 1961;\nPlace of birth: Mohagirine, Syria;\nGender: male\nLeading businessperson operating in Syria, with interests and/or activities in multiple sectors of Syria’s economy. He holds interests in and/or has significant influence in Anwar Akkad Sons Group (AASG) and its subsidiary United Oil. AASG is a conglomerate with interests in sectors such as oil, gas, chemicals, insurance, industrial machinery, real estate, tourism, exhibitions, contracting, insurance and medical equipment.\nHashim Anwar al‐Aqqad also worked as a member of the Syrian Parliament as recently as 2012.\nHashim Anwar Al‐Aqqad could not have remained successful without assistance from the regime. Given the extent of his business and political ties to the regime, he provides support to and benefits from the Syrian regime.\n23.7.2014\n193.\nSuhayl (a.k.a. Sohail, Suhail, Suheil) HASSAN (a.k.a. Hasan, al‐Hasan, al‐Hassan) known as ‘The Tiger’ (a.k.a. al‐Nimr)\nDate of birth: 1970;\nPlace of birth: Jableh, Latakia Province, Syria;\nRank: Major‐General;\nPosition: Commander of Qawat al‐Nimr (Division 25 Special Mission Forces, formerly known as Tiger Forces);\nGender: male\nOfficer of the rank of Major‐General in the Syrian Army after May 2011. Commander of army division known as ‘Tiger Forces’. Since August 2019, ‘Tiger Forces’ has been renamed ‘Division 25 Special Mission Forces’ and placed under the army’s central command. Responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.\n23.7.2014\n194.\nAmr ARMANAZI\n(a.k.a. Amr Muhammad Najib al‐Armanazi, Amr Najib Armanazi, Amrou al‐Armanazy)\nDate of birth: 7.2.1944;\nGender: male\nDirector‐General of the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), responsible for providing support to the Syrian army for the acquisition of equipment used for the surveillance and repression of demonstrators. Also responsible for the development and production of non‐conventional weapons, including chemical weapons, and the missiles to deliver them.\nResponsible for the violent repression of the civilian population; supports the Syrian regime.\n23.7.2014\n199.\nBayan BITAR\n(a.k.a. Dr. Bayan al‐Bitar)\nDate of birth: 8.3.1947;\nAddress: P.O. Box 11037, Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nManaging Director of the Organisation for Technological Industries (OTI), and the Syrian Company for Information Technology (SCIT), which are both subsidiaries of the Syrian Ministry of Defence, which has been designated by the Council. OTI assists in the production of chemical weapons for the Syrian regime. As Managing Director of OTI and the SCIT, Bayan Bitar provides support to the Syrian regime. Due to his role in the production of chemical weapons, he also shares responsibility for the violent repression of the Syrian population. In view of his senior position in these entities, he is also associated with the designated entities OTI and SCIT.\n7.3.2015\n200.\nBrigadier General Ghassan ABBAS\nDate of birth: 10.3.1960;\nPlace of birth: Homs, Syria;\nAddress: CERS, Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Scientifique (a.k.a. SSRC, Scientific Studies and Research Centre; Centre de Recherche de Kaboun Barzeh Street, P.O. Box 4470, Damascus, Syria)\nGender: male\nManager of the branch of the designated Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC/CERS) near Jumraya/Jmraiya. He has been involved in the proliferation of chemical weapons and the organisation of chemical weapons attacks, including in Ghouta in August 2013. He therefore shares responsibility for the violent repression of the Syrian population. As manager of the SSRC/CERS branch near Jumraya/Jmraiya, Ghassan Abbas provides support to the Syrian regime. As a result of his senior position in the SSRC, he is also associated with the designated entity SSRC.\n7.3.2015\n202.\nHassan SAFIYEH\n(a.k.a. Hassan Safiye)\nDate of birth: 1949;\nPlace of birth: Latakia, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n21.10.2014\n203.\nGeorge HASWANI\n(a.k.a. Heswani; Hasawani; Al Hasawani)\nAddress: Damascus Province, Yabroud, Al Jalaa St, Syria;\nGender: male\nLeading businessperson operating in Syria, with interests and/or activities in the engineering, construction and oil and gas sectors. He holds interests in and/or has significant influence in a number of companies and entities in Syria, in particular HESCO Engineering and Construction Company, a major engineering and construction company.\n7.3.2015\n204.\nEmad ( ) HAMSHO ( )\n(a.k.a. Imad Hmisho; Hamchu; Hamcho; Hamisho; Hmeisho; Hemasho)\nAddress: Hamsho Building 31 Baghdad Street, Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nOccupies a senior management position in Hamsho Trading. As a result of his senior position in Hamsho Trading, a subsidiary of Hamsho International, which has been designated by the Council, he provides support to the Syrian regime. He is also associated with a designated entity, Hamsho International. He is also vice‐president of the Syrian Council of Iron and Steel alongside designated regime businessmen such as Ayman Jaber. He is also an associate of President Bashar al‐Assad.\n7.3.2015\n206.\nMajor General Muhamad ( ) (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad) MAHALLA ( ) (a.k.a. Mahla, Mualla, Maalla, Muhalla)\nDate of birth: 1960;\nPlace of birth: Jableh, Syria;\nGender: male\nMember of the Syria Armed Forces of the rank of Major General in post after May 2011. Former head of the Syrian Military Intelligence (SMI), Branch 293 (Internal Affairs), since April 2015. Responsible for repression of and violence against the civilian population in Damascus/Damascus Countryside. Former Deputy Head of Political Security (2012), Officer of the Syrian Republican Guard and Vice‐Director of the Political Security Directorate. Former head of Military Police, Member of the National Security Bureau.\n29.5.2015\n207.\nAdib SALAMEH\n(a.k.a. Adib Salamah; Adib Salama; Adib Salame; Mohammed Adib Salameh; Adib Nimr Salameh)\n( )\nPosition: Major General, Deputy Director of Air Force Intelligence Directorate in Damascus;\nGender: male\nMember of the Syrian security and intelligence services in post after May 2011; Deputy Director of the Air Force Intelligence Directorate in Damascus; previously Head of Air Force Intelligence in Aleppo.\nMember of the Syrian Armed Forces of the rank of Colonel and the equivalent or higher in post after May 2011; holds the rank of Major General.\nResponsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria, through the planning of and involvement in military assaults in Aleppo and authority over the arrest and detention of civilians.\n28.10.2016\n208.\nAdnan Aboud HILWEH\n(a.k.a. Adnan Aboud Helweh; Adnan Aboud)\n( )\nPosition: Brigadier General;\nGender: male\nHolds the rank of Brigadier General of 155 Brigade and 157 Brigade in the Syrian Army in post after May 2011.\nAs the Brigadier General of 155 Brigade and 157 Brigade, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria, including through his responsibility for the deployment and use of missile and chemical weapons in civilian areas in 2013 and involvement in large scale detentions.\n28.10.2016\n209.\nJawdat Salbi MAWAS\n(a.k.a. Jawdat Salibi Mawwas; Jawdat Salibi Mawwaz)\n( )\nPosition: Major General;\nGender: male\nHolds the rank of Major General, a senior officer in the Syrian Artillery and Missile Directorate of the Syrian Armed Forces, in post after May 2011.\nAs a senior ranking officer of the Syrian Artillery and Missile Directorate, he is responsible for violent repression of the civilian population, including the use of missiles and chemical weapons by Brigades under his command in highly populated civilian areas in Ghouta in 2013.\n28.10.2016\n210.\nTahir ( ) Hamid ( ) KHALIL ( ) (a.k.a. Tahir Hamid Khali; Khalil Tahir Hamid)\nPosition: Major General;\nGender: male\nHolds the ranks of Major General, Head of the Syrian Artillery and Missiles Directorate of the Syrian Armed Forces, in post after May 2011. As a senior ranking officer of the Syrian Artillery and Missile Directorate, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population, including the deployment of missiles and chemical weapons by Brigades under his command in highly populated civilian areas in Ghouta in 2013.\n28.10.2016\n211.\nHilal HILAL (a.k.a. Hilal al‐Hilal) ( )\nDate of birth: 1966;\nGender: male\nMember of the regime‐affiliated militias known as ‘Kataeb al‐Baath’ (the Baath Party militia). Vice‐Chairman of the Baath Party. Supports the Syrian regime through his role in the recruitment and organisation of the Baath Party militia.\n28.10.2016\n212.\nAmmar AL‐SHARIF\n(a.k.a. Amar al‐Sharif; Amar al‐Charif; Ammar Sharif; Ammar Charif; Ammar al Shareef; Ammar Sherif; Ammar Medhat Sherif)\n( )\nDate of birth: 26.6.1969;\nPlace of birth: Lattakia, Syria;\nNationality: Syrian;\nSyrian Passport:\n‐ number: 010312413;\n‐ issue number: 002‐15‐L093534;\n‐ date of issue: 14.7.2015;\n‐ place of issue: Damascus‐Centre;\n‐ date of expiry: 13.7.2021;\nNational number: 060‐10276707;\nGender: male\nAssociated with a member of the Makhlouf family (brother‐in‐law of Rami Makhlouf).\n28.10.2016\n213.\nBishr AL‐SABBAN\n(a.k.a. Mohammed Bishr al‐Sabban; Bishr Mazin al‐Sabban)\nDate of birth: 1966;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Governor of Damascus, who was appointed by, and is associated with, President Bashar al‐Assad. Supports the Syrian regime and is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria, including engaging in discriminatory practices against Sunni communities within the capital.\n28.10.2016\n214.\nAhmad Sheik ABDUL‐QADER\n(a.k.a. Ahmad Sheikh Abdul Qadir; Ahmad al‐Sheik Abdulquader)\n( )\nGender: male\nFormer Governor of Quneitra, associated with and appointed by President Bashar al‐Assad. Previously Governor of Latakia. Supports and benefits from the Syrian regime, including by public support for the Syrian Armed Forces and pro‐regime militia.\n28.10.2016\n215.\nDr. Ghassan Omar KHALAF\n( )\nGender: male\nFormer Governor of Hama, who was appointed by, and is associated with, President Bashar al‐Assad. He also supports and benefits from the Syrian regime. Ghassan Omar Khalaf is closely associated with members of a regime‐affiliated militia in Hama known as the Hama Brigade.\n28.10.2016\n216.\nKhayr al‐Din AL‐SAYYED\n(a.k.a. Khayr al‐Din Abdul‐Sattar al‐Sayyed; Mohamed Khair al‐Sayyed; Kheredden al‐Sayyed; Khairuddin as‐Sayyed; Khaireddin al‐Sayyed; Kheir Eddin al‐Sayyed; Kheir Eddib Asayed)\n( )\nGender: male\nFormer Governor of Idlib, associated with and appointed by President Bashar al‐Assad. Benefits from and supports the Syrian regime, including by providing support for Syrian Armed Forces and pro‐regime militia. Associated with the regime’s Minister of Awqaf, Dr. Mohammad Abdul‐Sattar al‐Sayyed, who is his brother.\n28.10.2016\n217.\nAtef NADDAF\n( )\nDate of birth: 1956;\nPlace of birth: Damascus Countryside, Syria;\nGender: male\nMinister of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection.\nAppointed in November 2018.\nAs a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n14.11.2016\n218.\nHussein MAKHLOUF\n(a.k.a. Makhluf)\n( )\nDate of birth: 1964;\nPlace of birth: Lattakia, Syria;\nGender: male\nLocal Administration Minister.\nAppointed in July 2016.\nFormer Governor of Damascus Governorate.\nAs a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\nCousin of Rami Makhlouf.\n14.11.2016\n219.\nAli AL‐ZAFIR\n( )\nDate of birth: 1962;\nPlace of birth: Tartus, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Communications and Technology. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n14.11.2016\n220.\nAli GHANEM\n( )\nDate of birth: 1963;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nMinister for Petroleum and Mineral Resources.\nAppointed in July 2016.\nAs a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n14.11.2016\n221.\nMohammed (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammad) Ramez TOURJMAN (a.k.a. Tourjuman)\n( )\nDate of birth: 1966;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Information. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n14.11.2016\n222.\nMohammed (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammad) AL‐AHMED (a.k.a. al‐Ahmad)\n( )\nDate of birth: 1961;\nPlace of birth: Lattakia, Syria;\nGender: male\nCulture Minister.\nAppointed in July 2016.\nAs a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n14.11.2016\n223.\nAli HAMOUD\n(a.k.a. Hammoud)\n( )\nDate of birth: 1964;\nPlace of birth: Tartus, Syria;\nGender: male\nTransport Minister.\nAppointed in July 2016.\nAs a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n14.11.2016\n224.\nMohammed Zuhair (a.k.a. Zahir) KHARBOUTLI\n( )\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nElectricity Minister.\nAppointed in July 2016.\nAs a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n14.11.2016\n225.\nMaamoun (a.k.a. Ma'moun) HAMDAN\n( )\nDate of birth: 1958;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nFinance Minister.\nAppointed in July 2016.\nAs a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n14.11.2016\n226.\nNabil AL‐HASAN (a.k.a. al‐Hassan)\n( )\nDate of birth: 1963;\nPlace of birth: Aleppo, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Water Resources.\nAppointed in July 2016.\nAs a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n14.11.2016\n227.\nAhmad AL‐HAMU (a.k.a. al‐Hamo)\n( )\nDate of birth: 1947;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Industry. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n14.11.2016\n228.\nAbdullah AL‐GHARBI (a.k.a. al‐Qirbi)\n( )\nDate of birth: 1962;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection.\nAppointed in July 2016.\nAs a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n14.11.2016\n229.\nAbdullah ABDULLAH\n( )\nDate of birth: 1956;\nGender: male\nState Minister.\nAppointed in July 2016.\nAs a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n14.11.2016\n230.\nSalwa ABDULLAH\n( )\nDate of birth: 1953;\nPlace of birth: Quneitra, Syria;\nGender: female\nState Minister.\nAppointed in July 2016.\nAs a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n14.11.2016\n231.\nRafe'a Abu SA'AD (a.k.a. Saad)\n( )\nDate of birth: 1954;\nPlace of birth: Habran village, Sweida province, Syria;\nGender: male\nState Minister.\nAppointed in July 2016.\nAs a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n14.11.2016\n232.\nWafiqa HOSNI\n( )\nDate of birth: 1952;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: female\nState Minister.\nAppointed in July 2016.\nAs a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n14.11.2016\n233.\nRima AL‐QADIRI (a.k.a. al‐Kadiri)\n( )\nDate of birth: 1963;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: female\nMinister for Social Affairs (since August 2015).\nAs a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n14.11.2016\n234.\nDuraid DURGHAM\nGender: male\nFormer Governor of the Central Bank of Syria.\nWas responsible for providing economic and financial support to the Syrian regime through his functions as the Governor of the Central Bank of Syria, which is also listed.\n14.11.2016\n235.\nAhmad BALLUL\n(a.k.a. Ahmad Muhammad Ballul; Ahmed Balol)\nDate of birth: 10.10.1954;\nRank: Major General; Commander of the Syrian Arab Air Force and Air Defence Forces;\nGender: male\nHolds the rank of Major General, a senior officer and Commander of the Syrian Arab Air and Air Defence Forces, in post after May 2011.\nOperates in the chemical weapons proliferation sector and, as a senior ranking officer of the Syrian Arab Air Force, is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population, including the use of chemical weapons attacks by the Syrian regime identified in the report of the Joint Investigative Mechanism.\n21.3.2017\n236.\nSaji' DARWISH\n(a.k.a. Saji Jamil Darwish; Sajee Darwish; Sjaa Darwis)\n( )\nDate of birth: 11.1.1957;\nRank: Major General, Syrian Arab Air Force;\nGender: male\nHolds the rank of Major General, a senior officer and former Commander of the 22nd Division of the Syrian Arab Air Force, in post after May 2011.\nOperates in the chemical weapons proliferation sector and is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population. As a senior ranking officer of the Syrian Arab Air Force and Commander of the 22nd Division until April 2017 he holds responsibility for the use of chemical weapons by aircraft operating from airbases under the control of the 22nd Division, including the attack on Talmenes that the Joint Investigative Mechanism reported was conducted by Hama airfield‐based regime helicopters.\n21.3.2017\n237.\nMuhammed IBRAHIM\nDate of birth: 5.8.1964;\nRank: Brigadier General; Deputy Commander of Syrian Arab Air Force 63rd Brigade at Hama airfield;\nGender: male\nHolds the rank of Brigadier General, a senior officer and Deputy Commander of the Syrian Arab Air Force 63rd Brigade, in post after May 2011.\nOperates in the chemical weapons proliferation sector and, as a senior ranking officer of the Syrian Arab Air Force during the period investigated by the Joint Investigative Mechanism and as Deputy Commander of the 63rd Brigade from March to December 2015, is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population through the use of chemical weapons by the 63rd Brigade in Talmenes (21.4.2014), Qmenas (16.3.2015) and Sarmin (16.3.2015).\n21.3.2017\n238.\nBadi' MU'ALLA\nDate of birth: 1961;\nPlace of birth: Bistuwir, Jablah, Syria;\nRank: Brigadier General; Commander of Syrian Arab Air Force 63rd Brigade;\nGender: male\nHolds the rank of Brigadier General, a senior officer and Commander of 63rd Brigade of the Syrian Arab Air Force, in post after May 2011.\nOperates in the chemical weapons proliferation sector and, as Commander of the 63rd Brigade during the period investigated by the Joint Investigative Mechanism, is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population through the use of chemical weapons by the 63rd Brigade in Talmenes (21.4.2014), Qmenas (16.3.2015) and Sarmin (16.3.2015).\n21.3.2017\n239.\nHisham Mohammad Mamdouh AL‐SHA'AR\nDate of birth: 1958;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nJustice Minister. Appointed in March 2017.\n30.5.2017\n240.\nMohammad Samer Abdelrahman AL‐KHALIL\nGender: male\nEconomy and Foreign Trade Minister. Appointed in March 2017.\n30.5.2017\n241.\nSalam Mohammad AL‐SAFFAF\nDate of birth: 1979;\nGender: male\nAdministrative Development Minister. Appointed in March 2017.\n30.5.2017\n242.\nSamir DABUL\n(a.k.a. Samir Daaboul)\nDate of birth: 4.9.1965;\nRank: Brigadier General;\nGender: male\nHolds the rank of Brigadier General, in post after May 2011.\nAs a senior military officer he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population and involved in the storage and deployment of chemical weapons. He is also associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity.\n18.7.2017\n243.\nAli WANUS\n(a.k.a. Ali Wannous)\n( )\nDate of birth: 5.2.1964;\nRank: Major General;\nGender: male\nHolds the rank of Major General, in post after May 2011.\nAs a senior military officer he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population and involved in the storage and deployment of chemical weapons.\nHe is also associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity.\n18.7.2017\n244.\nYasin Ahmad DAHI\n(a.k.a. Yasin Dahi; Yasin Dhahi)\n( )\nDate of birth: 1960;\nRank: Brigadier General;\nGender: male\nHolds the rank of Brigadier General in the Syrian Armed Forces, in post after May 2011. Senior officer within the Military Intelligence Directorate of the Syrian Armed Forces. Former head of Military Intelligence Branch 235 in Damascus and Military Intelligence in Homs. As a senior military officer he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population.\n18.7.2017\n245.\nMuhammad Yousef HASOURI\n(a.k.a. Mohammad Yousef Hasouri; Mohammed Yousef Hasouri)\n( )\nRank: Brigadier General;\nGender: male\nBrigadier General Muhammad Hasouri is a senior officer of the Syrian Air Force, in post after May 2011. He holds the position as Chief of Staff of Air Force Brigade 50 and Deputy Commander of the Shayrat Airbase. Brigadier General Muhammad Hasouri operates in the chemical weapons proliferation sector. As a senior military officer he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria.\n18.7.2017\n246.\nMalik HASAN\n(a.k.a. Malek Hassan)\n( )\nRank: Major General;\nGender: male\nHolds the rank of Major General, a senior officer and Commander of the 22nd Division of the Syrian Air Force, in post after May 2011.\nAs a senior officer of the Syrian Air Force and in the chain of command of the 22nd Division, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria, including the use of chemical weapons by aircraft operating from airbases under the control of the 22nd Division, such as the attack on Talmenas that the Joint Investigative Mechanism established by the United Nations reported was conducted by Hama airfield‐based regime helicopters.\n18.7.2017\n247.\nJayyiz Rayyan AL‐MUSA\n(a.k.a. Jaez Sawada al‐Hammoud al‐Mousa; Jayez al‐Hammoud al‐Moussa)\n( )\nDate of birth: 1954;\nPlace of birth: Hama, Syria;\nRank: Major General;\nGender: male\nGovernor of Hasaka, appointed by President Bashar al‐Assad; he is associated with President Bashar al‐Assad.\nHolds the rank of Major General, a senior officer and former Chief of Staff of the Syrian Air Force.\nAs a senior officer of the Syrian Air Force, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria, including the use of chemical weapons attacks by the Syrian regime during his tenure as Chief of Staff of the Syrian Air Force, as identified in the report of the Joint Investigative Mechanism established by the United Nations.\n18.7.2017\n248.\nMayzar 'Abdu SAWAN\n(a.k.a. Meezar Sawan)\n( )\nDate of birth: 1954;\nRank: Major General;\nGender: male\nHolds the rank of Major General, a senior officer and Commander of the 20th Division of the Syrian Air Force, in post after May 2011.\nAs a senior officer in the Syrian air force he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population including attacks against civilian areas by aircraft operating from airbases under the control of the 20th Division.\n18.7.2017\n250.\nMohammad Safwan KATAN\n(a.k.a. Mohammad Safwan Qattan)\n( )\nGender: male\nMohammad Safwan Katan is an engineer at the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity. He is involved in chemical weapons proliferation and delivery. Mohammad Safwan Katan has been involved in the construction of barrel bombs which have been used against the civilian population in Syria.\nHe is associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity.\n18.7.2017\n251.\nMohammad ( ) Ziad ( ) GHRIWATI ( )\n(a.k.a. Mohammad Ziad Ghraywati)\nGender: male\nMohammad Ziad Ghriwati is an engineer at the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre. He is involved in chemical weapons proliferation and delivery. He has been involved in the construction of barrel bombs which have been used against the civilian population in Syria.\nHe is associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity.\n18.7.2017\n252.\nMohammad Darar KHALUDI\n(a.k.a. Mohammad Darar Khloudi)\n( )\nGender: male\nMohammad Darar Khaludi is an engineer at the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre. He is involved in chemical weapons proliferation and delivery. He has been involved in the construction of barrel bombs which have been used against the civilian population in Syria.\nHe is also associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity.\n18.7.2017\n253.\nKhaled ( ) SAWAN ( )\nGender: male\nDr. Khaled Sawan is an engineer at the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, which is involved in chemical weapons proliferation and delivery. He has been involved in the construction of barrel bombs which have been used against the civilian population in Syria.\nHe has been associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity.\n18.7.2017\n254.\nRaymond ( ) RIZQ ( )\n(a.k.a. Raymond Rizk)\nGender: male\nRaymond Rizq is an engineer at the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, involved in chemical weapons proliferation and delivery. He has been involved in the construction of barrel bombs which have been used against the civilian population in Syria.\nHe is associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity.\n18.7.2017\n255.\nFawwaz EL‐ATOU\n(a.k.a. Fawaz Al Atto)\n( )\nGender: male\nFawwaz El‐Atou is a lab technician at the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, involved in chemical weapons proliferation and delivery. He has been involved in the construction of barrel bombs which have been used against the civilian population in Syria.\nHe is associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity.\n18.7.2017\n256.\nFayez ASI\n(a.k.a. Fayez al‐Asi)\n( )\nGender: male\nFayez Asi is a lab technician at the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, involved in chemical weapons proliferation and delivery. He has been involved in the construction of barrel bombs which have been used against the civilian population in Syria.\nHe is associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity.\n18.7.2017\n257.\nHala SIRHAN\n(a.k.a. Halah Sirhan)\n( )\nDate of birth: 5.1.1953;\nTitle: Doctor;\nGender: female\nDr. Hala Sirhan works with Syrian Military Intelligence at the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre. She operated in Institute 3000, which is involved in chemical weapons proliferation.\nShe is associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity.\n18.7.2017\n258.\nMohamed Mazen Ali YOUSEF\n( )\nDate of birth: 17.5.1969;\nPlace of birth: Damascus Countryside, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Industry. Appointed in January 2018.\nAs a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n26.2.2018\n259.\nImad Abdullah SARA\n( )\nDate of birth: 1968;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nMinister of Information. Appointed in January 2018.\n26.2.2018\n260.\nYusuf AJEEB\n(a.k.a. ; Yousef; Ajib)\nPosition: Brigadier General; Doctor; Head of Security Office, Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC);\nAddress: Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), Barzeh Street, P.O. Box 4470, Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nHolds the rank of Brigadier General, a senior officer in the Syrian Armed Forces, in post after May 2011. Since 2012, he has been Head of Security for the Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), which is involved in the chemical weapons proliferation sector. As a result of his senior position as Head of Security for SSRC, he is associated with the designated entity SSRC.\n19.3.2018\n261.\nMaher SULAIMAN (a.k.a. ; Mahir; Suleiman)\nPlace of birth: Lattakia, Syria;\nPosition: Doctor; Director of the Higher Institute for Applied Sciences and Technology;\nAddress: Higher Institute for Applied Sciences and Technology (HIAST), P.O. Box 31983, Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nDirector of the Higher Institute for Applied Sciences and Technology (HIAST), which provides training and support as part of the Syrian chemical weapons proliferation sector. Due to his senior position at the HIAST, which is an affiliate and subsidiary of the Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), he is associated with the HIAST and SSRC, both of which are designated entities.\n19.3.2018\n262.\nSalam TOHME\n(a.k.a. ; Salim; Taame, Ta'mah, Toumah)\nPosition: Doctor; Deputy Director General, Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC);\nAddress: Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), Barzeh Street, P.O. Box 4470, Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nDeputy Director General of the Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), which is responsible for the development and production of non‐conventional weapons, including chemical weapons, and the missiles to deliver them. Due to his senior position at SSRC, he is associated with the designated entity SSRC.\n19.3.2018\n263.\nZuhair FADHLUN\n(a.k.a. ; Zoher; Fadloun, Fadhloun)\nPosition: Head of Institute 3000 (a.k.a. Institute 5000), Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC);\nAddress: Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), Barzeh Street, P.O. Box 4470, Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nDirector of the branch of the Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC) that is known as Institute 3000 (a.k.a. Institute 5000). In this role, he is responsible for chemical weapons projects, including production of chemical agents and munitions. Due to his senior position at SSRC, he is associated with designated entity SSRC.\n19.3.2018\n264.\nHoumam JAZA'IRI\n(a.k.a. Humam al‐Jazaeri, Hammam al‐Jazairi)\nDate of birth: 1977;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Economy and Foreign Trade in power after May 2011, then member of the board of Syriatel (until May 2019) which is designated by the Council. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the violent repression of the Syrian people.\n21.10.2014\n265.\nMohamad Amer MARDINI (a.k.a. Mohammad Amer Mardini)\nDate of birth: 1959;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Higher Education in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n21.10.2014\n266.\nMohamad Ghazi JALALI (a.k.a. Mohammad Ghazi al‐Jalali)\nDate of birth: 1969;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Communications and Technology in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n21.10.2014\n267.\nIssam KHALIL\nDate of birth: 1965;\nPlace of birth: Banias, Tartous Governorate, Syria;\nGender: male\nFormer Minister of Culture in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n21.10.2014\n268.\nGhassan Ahmed GHANNAN\n(a.k.a. Major General Ghassan Ghannan, Brigadier General Ghassan Ahmad Ghanem)\nRank: Major General;\nPosition: Commander of the 155th Missile Brigade;\nGender: male\nMember of the Syrian Armed Forces of the rank of Colonel and the equivalent or higher in post after May 2011. Major General and Commander of the 155th Missile Brigade. Associated with Maher al‐Assad through his role in the 155th Missile Brigade. As Commander of the 155th Missile Brigade, he is supporting the Syrian regime and he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population. Responsible for firing scud missiles at various civilian sites between January and March 2013.\n21.10.2014\n269.\nAbdelhamid Khamis ABDULLAH\n(a.k.a. Abdulhamid Khamis Abdullah; Hamid Khamis; Abdelhamid Khamis Ahmad Adballa)\nGender: male\nChairman of Overseas Petroleum Trading Company (OPT) which has been listed by the Council for benefiting from and supporting the Syrian regime. He coordinated shipments of oil to the Syrian regime with listed Syrian state oil company Sytrol. Therefore, he is benefitting from and providing support to the Syrian regime.\nIn view of his position as the most senior person in the entity, he is responsible for its activities.\n21.10.2014\n270.\nBashar Mohammad ASSI\nDate of birth: 1977;\nNationality: Syrian;\nPosition: Chairman of the Board of Directors of Aman Damascus (until 2019); founding partner of Fly Aman Limited Liability airline; founder of the Aman Facilities company;\nGender: male\nLeading businessperson operating in Syria, with interests and activities in multiple sectors of Syria’s economy, including his roles as founding partner of Fly Aman airline and, until May 2019, Chairman of the Board of Directors of Aman Damascus, a joint venture involved in the development of Marota City, a regime‐backed luxury residential and commercial development. Assi benefits from and/or supports the Syrian regime through his business activities. On 30.1.2020, he founded the Aman Facilities company with and on behalf of Samer Foz.\n21.1.2019\n271.\nKhaled AL‐ZUBAIDI\n(a.k.a. (Mohammed) Khaled/Khalid (Bassam) (al‐) Zubaidi/Zubedi )\nNationality: Syrian;\nPosition: Co‐owner of Zubaidi and Qalei LLC; Director of Agar Investment Company; General Manager of Al Zubaidi company and Al Zubaidi & Al Taweet Contracting Company; Director and Owner of Zubaidi Development Company; co‐owner of Enjaz Investment Company;\nGender: male\nLeading businessperson operating in Syria, with significant investments in the construction industry, including a 50 % stake in Zubaidi and Qalei LLC, which is constructing the luxury tourist city Grand Town and to which the regime has granted a 45‐year agreement in return for 19‐21 % of its revenue. In this capacity he is linked to Nader Qalei. Khaled al‐Zubaidi benefits from and/or supports the Syrian regime through his business activities, in particular through this stake in the Grand Town development.\n21.1.2019\n274.\nNader QALEI\n(a.k.a. Kalai, Kalei)\nDate of birth: 9.7.1965;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nNationality: Syrian;\nPassport number (including country that issued and date and place of issue): Syrian Arab Republic; N 010170320; issue number: 002‐15‐L062672; date of issue: 24.5.2015; date of expiry: 23.5.2021;\nID number: Syrian Arab Republic, 010‐40036453;\nPosition: Majority shareholder of Castle Investment Holding; co‐owner of Zubaidi and Qalei LLC; Chairman of Kalai Industries Management;\nRelatives/business associates or partners/links to listed individuals: Khaled al‐Zubaidi;\nAddress: Young Avenue, Halifax, Canada;\nGender: male\nLeading businessperson operating in Syria, with significant investments in the construction industry, including a 50 % stake in Zubaidi and Qalei LLC, which is constructing the luxury tourist city Grand Town and to which the regime has granted a 45‐year agreement in return for 19‐21 % of its revenue. In this capacity, he is linked to Khaled al‐Zubaidi. Nader Qalei benefits from and/or supports the Syrian regime through his business activities, in particular through this stake in the Grand Town development.\n21.1.2019\n275.\nMajor General Mohammad Khaled AL‐RAHMOUN\nDate of birth: 1957;\nPlace of birth: Idleb, Syria;\nGender: male\nMinister of the Interior.\nAppointed in November 2018.\nAs a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n4.3.2019\n276.\nMohammad Rami Radwan MARTINI\nDate of birth: 1970;\nPlace of birth: Aleppo, Syria;\nGender: male\nMinister of Tourism.\nAppointed in November 2018.\nAs a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n4.3.2019\n277.\nImad Muwaffaq AL‐AZAB\nDate of birth: 1970;\nPlace of birth: Damascus Countryside, Syria;\nGender: male\nMinister of Education.\nAppointed in November 2018.\nAs a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n4.3.2019\n278.\nBassam Bashir IBRAHIM\nDate of birth: 1960;\nPlace of birth: Hama, Syria;\nGender: male\nMinister of Higher Education.\nAppointed in November 2018.\nAs a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n4.3.2019\n279.\nSuhail Mohammad ABDULLATIF\nDate of birth: 1961;\nPlace of birth: Lattakia, Syria;\nGender: male\nMinister of Public Works and Housing.\nAppointed in November 2018.\nAs a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n4.3.2019\n280.\nIyad Mohammad AL‐KHATIB\nDate of birth: 1974;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nGender: male\nMinister of Communications and Technology.\nAppointed in November 2018.\nAs a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n4.3.2019\n281.\nMohammad Maen Zein‐al‐Abidin JAZBA\nDate of birth: 1962;\nPlace of birth: Aleppo, Syria;\nGender: male\nMinister of Industry.\nAppointed in November 2018.\nAs a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the Syrian regime’s violent repression of the civilian population.\n4.3.2019\n282.\nAnas TALAS\n(a.k.a. ; Anas Talous/Tals/Tuls/Tlass)\nDate of birth: 25.3.1971;\nNationality: Syrian;\nPosition: Chairman of the Talas Group;\nGender: male\nLeading businessperson operating in Syria, with interests and activities in multiple sectors of Syria’s economy. Through his business activities and investments, Anas Talas also benefits from and/or supports the Syrian regime. In 2018 the Talas Group, chaired by Anas Talas, entered into a SYP 23 billion joint venture with Damascus Cham Holding for the construction of Marota City, a regime‐backed luxury residential and commercial development.\n21.1.2019\n283.\nMohammed Nazer JAMAL EDDIN\n(a.k.a. ; Nazir Ahmad, Mohammed JamalEddine)\nDate of birth: 2.1.1962;\nPlace of birth: Damascus, Syria;\nNationality: Syrian;\nPassport number: N 011612445, issue no. 002‐17‐L022286 (place of issue: Syrian Arab Republic);\nID Number: 010‐30208342 (place of issue: Syrian Arab Republic);\nPosition: Co‐founder and majority shareholder of Apex Development and Projects LLC and founder of A’ayan Company for Projects and Equipment;\nGender: male\nLeading businessperson operating in Syria with significant investments in the construction industry, including a controlling 90 % stake in Apex Development and Projects LLC, which has entered into a USD 34,8 million joint venture for the construction of Marota City, a regime‐backed luxury residential and commercial development. Through his participation in the Marota City development, Mohammed Nazer Jamal Eddin benefits from and/or supports the Syrian regime.\n21.1.2019\n284.\nMazin AL‐TARAZI\n(a.k.a. ; Mazen al‐Tarazi)\nDate of birth: September 1962;\nNationality: Syrian;\nPosition: Businessperson;\nGender: male\nLeading businessperson operating in Syria, with significant investments in the construction and aviation sectors. Through his investments and activities, Mazin al‐Tarazi benefits from and/or supports the Syrian regime. In particular, Mazin al‐Tarazi has concluded a deal with Damascus Cham Holding for a USD 320 million investment in the construction of Marota City, a regime‐backed luxury residential and commercial development. He has also been granted a licence for a private airline in Syria.\n21.1.2019\n285.\nSamer FOZ\n(a.k.a. Samir ( ) Foz ( )/Fawz; Samer Zuhair Foz)\nDate of birth: May 1973;\nPlace of birth: Latakia, Syria;\nNationalities: Syrian, Turkish;\nTurkish Passport number: U 09471711 (place of issue Turkey; expiry date 21.7.2024);\nPosition: CEO of Aman Group;\nGender: male\nOther information:\nExecutive President of Aman Group. Subsidiaries: Foz for Trading, Al‐Mohaimen for Transportation & Contracting. Aman Group is the private sector partner in joint venture Aman Damascus JSC with Damascus Cham Holding, in which Foz is an individual shareholder. Emmar Industries is a joint venture between Aman Group and the Hamisho Group, in which Foz has the majority stake and is the Chairman.\nLeading businessperson operating in Syria, with interests and activities in multiple sectors of Syria’s economy, including a regime‐backed joint venture involved in the development of Marota City, a luxury residential and commercial development. Samer Foz provides financial and other support to the Syrian regime, including funding the Military Security Shield Forces in Syria and brokering grain deals. He also benefits financially from access to commercial opportunities through the wheat trade and reconstruction projects as a result of his links to the regime.\n21.1.2019\n286.\nKhaldoun AL‐ZOUBI\n(a.k.a. Khaldoon al‐Zu'bi; Khaldoun Zubi)\nDate of birth: 1979;\nNationality: Syrian;\nPosition: Founder of Fly Aman Limited Liability and founding member of Asas Iron Company;\nGender: male\nLeading businessperson operating in Syria, with interests and activities in multiple sectors of Syria’s economy, including his roles as Vice President of Aman Holding and majority shareholder of Fly Aman airline (until February 2019). In this capacity, he is linked to Samer Foz. Aman Holding is represented on the board of, and holds a majority stake in, Aman Damascus, a joint venture in the construction of Marota City, a regime‐backed luxury residential and commercial development. Al‐Zoubi benefits from and/or supports the Syrian regime. Founding member of Asas Iron Company.\n21.1.2019\n287.\nHussam AL‐QATIRJI\n(a.k.a. Hussam/Hossam Ahmed/Mohammed/Muhammad al‐Katerji )\nDate of birth: 1982;\nPlace of birth: Raqqa, Syria;\nNationality: Syrian;\nPosition: CEO of Katerji Group (a.k.a. Al‐Qatirji Company/Qatirji Company/ Khatirji Group/Katerji International Group);\nGender: male\nLeading businessperson operating in Syria, who is also a Member of Parliament for Aleppo. Al‐Qatirji supports and benefits from the Syrian regime through enabling, and profiting from, trade deals with the regime in relation to oil and wheat.\n21.1.2019\n288.\nYasser Aziz ABBAS\n(a.k.a. Yasser, Yaser, Yasr; Aziz, Aziz; Abbas, Abas; ياسرعزيزعباس)\nDate of birth: 22.8.1978;\nNationality: Syrian;\nRelatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Bajaa Trading Services LLC; Qudrah Trading; Tafawoq Tourism Projects Company; Top Business Yang King; Al‐Aziz Group;\nGender: male\nLeading businessperson operating in Syria. Supports and/or benefits from the Syrian regime through business dealings, including fuel smuggling and weapons transfers. Yasser Aziz Abbas profits from facilitating oil imports on behalf of the regime and uses his relations with the regime to obtain preferential dealings and treatment.\n17.2.2020\n289.\nMahir Burhan Eddine AL‐IMAM\n(a.k.a. ماهربرهانالدينالإمام)\nDate of birth: 22.8.1978;\nNationality: Syrian;\nPosition: General Manager of Telsa Group/Telsa Telecom;\nRelatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Telsa Group/Telsa Telecom; Tazamon Contracting LLC; Castro LLC;\nGender: male\nLeading businessperson operating in Syria with business interests in tourism, telecommunications and real estate. As General Manager of the regime‐backed Telsa Communication Group as well as of Castro LLC, and through his other business interests, Mahir Burhan Eddine al‐Imam benefits from the Syrian regime and supports its financing and lobbying policy as well as its construction policy.\n17.2.2020\n290.\nWaseem AL‐KATTAN\n(a.k.a. Waseem, Wasseem, Wassim, Wasim; Anouar; al‐Kattan, al‐Katan, al‐Qattan, al‐Qatan; وسيمقطان, وسيمأنوارالقطان)\nDate of birth: 4.3.1976;\nNationality: Syrian;\nPosition: President of Damascus Countryside (Rural) Province Chamber of Commerce;\nRelatives/business associates/entities or partners/links:\nLarosa Furniture/Furnishing; Jasmine Fields Company Ltd.; Muruj Cham (Murooj al‐Cham) Investment and Tourism Group; Adam and Investment LLC; Universal Market Company LLC; Treasurer of the Federation of Syrian Chambers of Commerce;\nGender: male\nLeading businessperson operating in Syria benefitting from and supporting the regime. Owner of multiple businesses and holding companies with interests and activities in various economic sectors such as real estate, luxury hotel industry and commercial centres. Waseem al‐Kattan rose rapidly as a leading businessman by imposing taxes on goods smuggled into Eastern Ghouta under siege, and is now involved in aggressive forms of clientelism to the benefit of the regime. Waseem al‐Kattan benefits financially from favoured access to public tenders as well as to licences and contracts awarded by government agencies as a result of his close ties to the regime.\n17.2.2020\n291.\nAmer FOZ\n(a.k.a. عامرفوز)\nDate of birth: 11.3.1976;\nNationality: Syrian;\nPassport No: 06010274747;\nPosition: General Manager of ASM International General Trading LLC (ASM International Trading);\nRelatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Samer Foz; Aman Holding (Aman Damascus Joint Stock Company); ASM International General Trading LLC (ASM International Trading);\nGender: male\nLeading businessperson with personal and family business interests and activities in multiple sectors of the Syrian economy, including through Aman Holding (formerly known as the Aman Group). Through Aman Holding, he benefits financially from access to commercial opportunities and supports the Syrian regime, including through involvement in the regime‐backed development of Marota City. Since 2012, he has also been General Manager of ASM International Trading LLC.\nHe is also associated with his brother Samer Foz, who has been designated by the Council since January 2019 as a leading businessperson operating in Syria and for supporting or benefiting from the regime.\n17.2.2020\n292.\nSaqr RUSTOM\n(a.k.a. Saqr, Saqer; As'ad, Asaad, Asad; al‐Rustom, al‐Rostom; صقررستم, صقرأسعدالرستم)\nNationality: Syrian;\nPosition: Head of National Defence Force in Homs;\nRelatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Damas Real Estate Development and Investment LLC;\nGender: male\nHead of the local branch of the National Defence Force in Homs (a regime militia ‐ Shabiha). Responsible for its participation in the brutal repression of the civilian population in Syria. Through his militia, Saqr Rustom is responsible for multiple war profiteering schemes and is therefore benefiting from and supporting the Syrian regime. Associated with designated person Bassam Hassan, his uncle, with whom he established the Damas Real Estate Development and Investment LLC in order to invest in real estate projects.\n17.2.2020\n293.\nAbdelkader SABRA\n(a.k.a. Abdelkader, Abd el Kader, Abd al Kader, Abdul Kader Abd al Qadr, Abdul Qadr; Sabra, Sabrah; عبدالقادرصبرا; عبدالقادرصبره)\nDate of birth: 14.9.1955;\nNationality: Syrian; Lebanese;\nPosition: Owner of Sabra Maritime Agency; head of the Syrian‐Turkish Businessmen Council; founding partner of Phoenicia Tourism Company; President of the Chamber of Maritime Navigation in Syria;\nRelatives/business associates/entities or partners/links:\nPhoenicia Tourism Company (شركةفينيقياللسياحة); Sabra Maritime Agency (كالةصبرهالبحرية);\nGender: male\nLeading businessperson operating in Syria with multiple economic interests, especially in the maritime and tourism sectors. As a major shipping magnate and a close business associate of Rami Makhlouf (regime supporter and cousin of President Bashar al‐Assad), Abdelkader Sabra provides financial and economic support for the Syrian regime, including through offshore companies. Abdelkader Sabra also benefits from his ties to the regime, which have allowed him to expand his activities in the real estate sector. He is also involved in money laundering and commercial activities in support of the Syrian regime and its associates.\n17.2.2020\n294.\nKhodr Ali TAHER\n(a.k.a. خضرعليطاه)\nDate of birth: 1976;\nNationality: Syrian;\nPosition: Director and owner of Ella Media Services; founding partner of Castle Security and Protection and of Jasmine Contracting Company; Chairman and founding partner of the Syrian Hotel Management Company; Manager and owner of Ematel;\nRelatives/business associates/entities or partners/links:\nCitadel for Protection; Guard and Security Services (Castle Security and protection); Ematel LLC (Ematel Communications); Syrian Hotel Management Company; Jasmine Contracting Company;\nGender: male\nLeading businessperson operating across multiple sectors of the Syrian economy, including private security, mobile phone retail, hotel management, advertising services and domestic money transfer.\nSupports and benefits from the Syrian regime through cooperation in his business activities and his involvement in smuggling and profiteering activities. Khodr Ali Taher owns a number of companies and has co‐founded others. His involvement in business dealings with the regime includes entering into a joint venture with the Syrian Transport and Tourism Company, of which the Ministry of Tourism owns a two‐thirds stake.\n17.2.2020\n295.\nAdel Anwar AL‐OLABI\n(a.k.a. Adel Anouar el‐Oulabi, Adil Anwar al‐Olabi; عادلأنورالعلبي)\nDate of birth: 1976;\nNationality: Syrian;\nPosition: Vice Chairman of Damascus Cham Holding Company (DCHC); Governor of Damascus;\nGender: male\nLeading businessperson benefiting from and supporting the Syrian regime. Vice Chairman of Damascus Cham Holding Company (DCHC), the investment arm of the Governorate of Damascus managing the properties of the Governorate of Damascus and implementing the Marota City project.\nAdel Anwar al‐Olabi is also the Governor of Damascus, appointed by President Bashar al‐Assad in November 2018. As Governor of Damascus and Vice Chair of DCHC, he is responsible for efforts to implement regime policies of developing expropriated land in Damascus (including Decree No. 66 and Law No. 10), most notably through the Marota City project.\n17.2.2020\nB.\nEntities\nName\nIdentifying information\nReasons\nDate of listing\n1.\nBena Properties\nControlled by Rami Makhlouf. Syria’s largest real estate company and the real estate and investment arm of Cham Holding; provides funding to the Syrian regime.\n23.6.2011\n2.\nAl Mashreq Investment Fund (AMIF)\n(a.k.a. Sunduq Al Mashrek Al Istithmari)\nP.O. Box 108, Damascus, Syria;\nTel: +963 112110059 / 963 112110043;\nFax: +963 933333149\nControlled by Rami Makhlouf; provides funding to the Syrian regime.\n23.6.2011\n3.\nHamcho International\n(a.k.a. Hamsho International Group)\nBaghdad Street, P.O. Box 8254, Damascus, Syria;\nTel: +963 112316675;\nFax: +963 112318875;\nWebsite: www.hamshointl.com;\nE‐mail: info@hamshointl.com and hamshogroup@yahoo.com\nHamcho International is a large Syrian holding company owned by Mohammed Hamcho.\nHamcho International benefits from and provides support to the Syrian regime and is associated with a person benefiting from and supporting the Syrian regime.\n27.1.2015\n4.\nMilitary Housing Establishment\n(a.k.a. MILIHOUSE)\nPublic works company controlled by Riyad Shalish and Ministry of Defence; provides funding to the Syrian regime.\n23.6.2011\n5.\nPolitical Security Directorate\nSyrian government agency directly involved in repression.\n23.8.2011\n6.\nGeneral Intelligence Directorate\nSyrian government agency directly involved in repression.\n23.8.2011\n7.\nMilitary Intelligence Directorate\nSyrian government agency directly involved in repression.\n23.8.2011\n8.\nAir Force Intelligence Agency\nSyrian government agency directly involved in repression.\n23.8.2011\n9.\nIRGC Qods Force\n(a.k.a. Quds Force)\nTeheran, Iran\nThe Qods (or Quds) Force is a specialist arm of the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC). The Qods Force is involved in providing equipment and support to help the Syrian regime suppress protests in Syria. The Qods Force has provided technical assistance, equipment and support to the Syrian security services to repress civilian protest movements.\n23.8.2011\n10.\nMada Transport\nSubsidiary of Cham Holding (Sehanya Dara'a Highway, P.O. Box 9525);\nTel: +963 11 99 62\nEconomic entity financing the Syrian regime.\n2.9.2011\n11.\nCham Investment Group\nSubsidiary of Cham Holding (Sehanya Dara'a Highway, P.O. Box 9525);\nTel: +963 11 99 62\nEconomic entity financing the Syrian regime.\n2.9.2011\n12.\nReal Estate Bank\nInsurance Building, Yousef al‐Azmeh Square, Damascus, P.O. Box: 2337, Syria;\nTel: +963 11 2456777 and 2218602;\nFax: +963 11 2237938 and 2211186;\nEmail: Publicrelations@reb.sy\nWebsite: www.reb.sy\nState‐owned bank providing financial support for the Syrian regime.\n2.9.2011\n13.\nAddounia TV (a.k.a. Dounia TV)\nTel: +963 11 5667274; +963 11 5667271;\nFax: +963 11 5667272;\nWebsite: http://www.addounia.tv;\nRelatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: SAMA TV (sister company); website: www.sama‐tv.net\nAddounia TV has incited violence against the civilian population in Syria.\n23.9.2011\n14.\nCham Holding\nCham Holding Building - Daraa Highway ‐ Ashrafiyat Sahnaya Rif Dimashq – Syria\nPO Box 9525;\nTel: +963 11 9962; +963 11 668 14000; +963 11 673 1044;\nFax: +963 11 673 1274;\nEmail: info@chamholding.sy;\nWebsite: www.chamholding.sy\nControlled by Rami Makhlouf; second‐largest holding company in Syria, benefiting from and supporting the Syrian regime.\n23.9.2011\n15.\nEl‐Tel. Co. (El‐Tel. Middle East Company)\n(a.k.a. Abraj Tech)\nDair Ali Jordan Highway, P.O. Box 13052, Damascus, Syria;\nTel: +963 11 2212345;\nFax: +963 11 44694450;\nEmail: sales@eltelme.com;\nCompany owner: Maher Dsouki;\nWebsites: www.eltelme.com, www.abrajtec.com\nManufacturing and supplying communication and transmission towers and other equipment for the Syrian army.\n23.9.2011\n16.\nRamak Constructions Co.\nDara'a Highway, Damascus, Syria;\nTel: +963 11 6858111;\nMobile: +963 933 240231\nConstruction of military barracks, border post barracks and other buildings for army needs.\n23.9.2011\n17.\nSouruh Company\n(a.k.a. SOROH Al Cham Company)\nAdra Free Zone Area, Damascus, Syria;\nTel: +963 11 5327266;\nMobile: +963 933 526812;\n+963 932 878282;\nFax: +963 11 5316396;\nEmail: sorohco@gmail.com;\nWebsite: http://sites.google.com/site/sorohco\nMajority of the shares of the company are owned directly or indirectly by Rami Makhlouf.\n23.9.2011\n18.\nSyriatel\nSyriatel Mobile Telecom Building, Amman Road, Daraa Highway, Ashrafiyat Sahnaya Area, Damascus, Syria, P.O. Box 2900;\nTel: +963 11 61 26 270;\nFax: +963 11 23 73 97 19;\nEmail: info@syriatel.com.sy;\nWebsite: http://syriatel.sy/\nControlled by Rami Makhlouf; provides financial support to the Syrian regime: through its licensing contract it pays 50 % of its profits to the Government.\n23.9.2011\n19.\nCham Press TV\nAl Qudsi building, 2nd Floor, Baramkeh, Damascus, Syria;\nTel: +963 11 2260805;\nFax: +963 11 2260806;\nEmail: mail@champress.com;\nWebsite: www.champress.net\nTelevision channel which participates in campaigns to spread disinformation and incite violence against demonstrators.\n1.12.2011\n20.\nAl Watan\nAl Watan Newspaper, Damascus, Duty Free Zone;\nTel: +963 11 2137400;\nFax: +963 11 2139928\nDaily newspaper which participates in campaigns to spread disinformation and incite violence against demonstrators.\n1.12.2011\n21.\nCentre d'études et de recherches syrien (CERS)\n(a.k.a. Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Scientifique (CERS); Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC); Centre de Recherche de Kaboun)\nBarzeh Street, P.O. Box 4470, Damascus, Syria\nProvides support to the Syrian army for the acquisition of equipment used for the surveillance and repression of demonstrators.\nOperating in the chemical weapons proliferation sector, it is the government entity responsible for developing and producing non‐conventional weapons, including chemical weapons, and the missiles to deliver them.\n1.12.2011\n22.\nBusiness Lab\nMaysat Square, Al Rasafi Street Bldg. 9, P.O. Box 7155, Damascus, Syria;\nTel: +963 11 2725499;\nFax: +963 11 2725399\nFront company for the acquisition of sensitive equipment by the CERS.\n1.12.2011\n23.\nIndustrial Solutions\nBaghdad Street 5, P.O. Box 6394, Damascus, Syria;\nTel/Fax: +963 11 4471080\nFront company for the acquisition of sensitive equipment by the CERS.\n1.12.2011\n24.\nMechanical Construction Factory (MCF)\nP.O. Box 35202, Industrial Zone, Al‐Qadam Road, Damascus, Syria\nFront company for the acquisition of sensitive equipment by the CERS.\n1.12.2011\n25.\nSyronics – Syrian Arab Co. for Electronic Industries\nKaboon Street, PO Box 5966, Damascus, Syria;\nTel: +963 11 5111352;\nFax: +963 11 5110117\nFront company for the acquisition of sensitive equipment by the CERS.\n1.12.2011\n26.\nHandasieh – Organization for Engineering Industries\nP.O. Box 5966, Abou Bakr Al‐Seddeq St., Damascus, Syria\nand\nP.O. Box 2849, Al‐Moutanabi Street, Damascus, Syria\nand\nP.O. Box 21120, Baramkeh, Damascus, Syria;\nTel: +963 11 2121816; +963 11 2121834; +963 11 2214650; +963 11 2212743; +963 11 5110117\nFront company for the acquisition of sensitive equipment by the CERS.\n1.12.2011\n27.\nSyria Trading Oil Company (Sytrol)\nPrime Minister Building, 17 Street Nissan, Damascus, Syria\nState‐owned company responsible for all oil exports from Syria. Provides financial support to the Syrian regime.\n1.12.2011\n28.\nGeneral Petroleum Corporation (GPC)\nNew Sham ‐ Building of Syrian Oil Company, P.O. Box 60694, Damascus, Syria\nTel: +963 11 3141635;\nFax: +963 11 3141634;\nEmail: info@gpc‐sy.com\nState‐owned oil company. Provides financial support to the Syrian regime.\n1.12.2011\n29.\nAl Furat Petroleum Company\nDummar ‐ New Sham ‐Western Dummer 1st. Island ‐ Property 2299 ‐ A.FPC Building\nP.O. Box 7660, Damascus, Syria;\nTel: +963 11 6183333; +963 11 31913333;\nFax: +963 11 6184444; +963 11 31914444;\nEmail: afpc@afpc.net.sy\nJoint venture 50 % owned by GPC. Provides financial support to the Syrian regime.\n1.12.2011\n30.\nIndustrial Bank\nDar Al Muhanisen Building, 7th Floor, Maysaloun Street, P.O. Box 7572, Damascus, Syria;\nTel: +963 11 222 8200; +963 11 2227910;\nFax: +963 11 222 8412\nState‐owned bank. Provides financial support to the Syrian regime.\n23.1.2012\n31.\nPopular Credit Bank\nDar Al Muhanisen Building, 6th Floor, Maysaloun Street, Damascus, Syria;\nTel: +963 11 222 7604; +963 11 221 8376;\nFax: +963 11 2210124\nState‐owned bank. Provides financial support to the Syrian regime.\n23.1.2012\n32.\nSaving Bank\n(a.k.a. Savings Bank; formerly known as The General Establishment of Mail Saving Fund; formerly known as The Post Saving Fund)\nSyria‐Damascus – Merjah – Al‐Furat St.,\nP.O. Box 5467;\nFax: +963 11 224 4909; +963 11 245 3471;\nTel: +963 11 222 8403;\nEmail: s.bank@scs‐net.org, post‐gm@net.sy\nState‐owned bank. Provides financial support to the Syrian regime.\n23.1.2012\n33.\nAgricultural Cooperative Bank\n(a.k.a. Al Masraf Al Zeraei Al Taweni; ACB)\nAgricultural Cooperative Bank Building, Damascus Tajhez, P.O. Box 4325, Damascus, Syria;\nTel: +963 11 221 3462; +963 112 22 1393;\nFax: +963 11 224 1261;\nWebsite: www.agrobank.org\nState‐owned bank. Provides financial support to the Syrian regime.\n23.1.2012\n34.\nSyrian Lebanese Commercial Bank\nSyrian Lebanese Commercial Bank Building, 6th Floor, Makdessi Street, Hamra, P.O. Box 11‐8701, Beirut, Lebanon;\nTel: +961 1 741666;\nFax: +961 1 738228; +961 1 753215; +961 1 736629;\nWebsite: www.slcb.com.lb\nSubsidiary of the Commercial Bank of Syria already listed. Provides financial support to the Syrian regime.\n23.1.2012\n35.\nDeir ez‐Zur Petroleum Company\nDar Al Saadi Building 1st, 5th, and 6th Floor Zillat Street Mazza Area, P.O. Box 9120, Damascus, Syria;\nTel: +963 11 662 1175; +963 11 662 1400;\nFax: +963 11 662 1848\nJoint venture of GPC. Provides financial support to the Syrian regime.\n23.1.2012\n36.\nEbla Petroleum Company\n(a.k.a. Ebco)\nHead Office Mazzeh Villat Ghabia Dar Es Saada 16, P.O. Box 9120, Damascus, Syria;\nTel: +963 11 6691100\nJoint venture of GPC. Provides financial support to the Syrian regime.\n23.1.2012\n37.\nDijla Petroleum Company\nBuilding No. 653 – 1st Floor, Daraa Highway, P.O. Box 81, Damascus, Syria\nJoint venture of GPC. Provides financial support to the Syrian regime.\n23.1.2012\n38.\nCentral Bank of Syria\nSabah Bahrat Square, Damascus, Syria\nPostal address: Altjreda al Maghrebeh Square, Damascus, Syria, P.O. Box: 2254\nProvides financial support to the Syrian regime.\n27.2.2012\n39.\nSyrian Petroleum Company\nDummar Province, Expansion Square, Island 19‐Building 32, Syria\nP.O. Box: 2849 or 3378;\nTel: +963 11 3137935 or 3137913;\nFax: +963 11 3137979 or 3137977;\nEmail: spccom2@scs‐net.org or spccom1@scs‐net.org;\nWebsites: www.spc.com.sy or www.spc‐sy.com\nState‐owned oil company. Provides financial support to the Syrian regime.\n23.3.2012\n40.\nMahrukat Company\n(The Syrian Company for the Storage and Distribution of Petroleum Products)\nHeadquarters: Al Adawi St., Petroleum building, Damascus, Syria;\nTel: +963 11 44451348 – 4451349;\nFax: +963 11 4445796;\nEmail: mahrukat@net.sy;\nWebsite: http://www.mahrukat.gov.sy/indexeng.php\nState‐owned oil company. Provides financial support to the Syrian regime.\n23.3.2012\n41.\nGeneral Organisation of Tobacco\nSalhieh Street 616, Damascus, Syria\nProvides financial support to the Syrian regime. The General Organisation of Tobacco is wholly owned by the Syrian state. The profits that the organisation makes, including through the sale of licences to market foreign brands of tobacco and taxes levied on imports of foreign brands of tobacco, are transferred to the Syrian state.\n15.5.2012\n42.\nMinistry of Defence\nUmayyad Square, Damascus, Syria\nTel: +963 11 7770700\nSyrian government branch directly involved in repression.\n26.6.2012\n43.\nMinistry of Interior\nMerjeh Square, Damascus, Syria\nTel: +963 11 2219400; +963 11 2219401; +963 11 2220220; +963 11 2210404\nSyrian government branch directly involved in repression.\n26.6.2012\n44.\nSyrian National Security Bureau\nSyrian government branch and element of the Syrian Ba’ath Party. Directly involved in repression. It directed Syrian security forces to use extreme force against demonstrators.\n26.6.2012\n46.\nGeneral Organisation of Radio and TV\n(a.k.a. Syrian Directorate General of Radio & Television Est; General Radio and Television Corporation; Radio and Television Corporation; GORT)\nAl Oumaween Square, P.O. Box 250, Damascus, Syria;\nTel: +963 11 223 4930\nState‐run agency subordinate to Syria’s Ministry of Information and as such supports and promotes its information policy. It is responsible for operating Syria’s state‐owned television channels, two terrestrial and one satellite, as well as government radio stations. The GORT has incited violence against the civilian population in Syria, serving as a propaganda instrument for the Syrian regime and spreading disinformation.\n26.6.2012\n47.\nSyrian Company for Oil Transport\n(a.k.a. Syrian Crude Oil Transportation Company; SCOT; a.k.a. SCOTRACO)\nBanias Industrial Area, Latakia Entrance Way, P.O. Box 13, Banias, Syria;\nWebsite: www.scot‐syria.com;\nEmail: scot50@scn‐net.org\nSyrian state‐owned oil company. Provides financial support to the Syrian regime.\n26.6.2012\n48.\nDrex Technologies S.A.\nIncorporation date: 4.7.2000;\nIncorporation number: 394678;\nDirector: Rami Makhlouf;\nRegistered agent: Mossack Fonseca & Co (BVI) Ltd\nDrex Technologies is wholly owned by Rami Makhlouf, who is listed under EU sanctions for providing financial support to the Syrian regime. Rami Makhlouf uses Drex Technologies to facilitate and manage his international financial holdings, including a majority share in SyriaTel, which the EU has previously listed on the grounds that it also provides financial support to the Syrian regime.\n24.7.2012\n49.\nCotton Marketing Organisation\nBab Al‐Faraj, P.O. Box 729, Aleppo, Syria\nTel.: +963 21 2239495/6/7/8;\nEmail: Cmo‐aleppo@mail.sy;\nWebsite: www.cmo.gov.sy\nState‐owned company. Provides financial support to the Syrian regime.\n24.7.2012\n50.\nSyrian Arab Airlines\n(a.k.a. SAA; Syrian Air)\nAl‐Mohafazeh Square, P.O. Box 417, Damascus, Syria;\nTel: +963 11 2240774\nPublic company controlled by the Syrian regime. Provides financial support for the regime.\n24.7.2012\n52.\nMegatrade\nAleppo Street, P.O. Box 5966, Damascus, Syria;\nFax: +963 11 4471081\nActs as a proxy for the Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), which is listed. Involved in trade in dual use goods prohibited by EU sanctions for the Syrian government.\n16.10.2012\n53.\nExpert Partners\nRukn Addin, Saladin Street, Building 5, P.O. Box 7006, Damascus, Syria\nActs as a proxy for the Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), which is listed. Involved in trade in dual use goods prohibited by EU sanctions for the Syrian government.\n16.10.2012\n54.\nOverseas Petroleum Trading\n(a.k.a. Overseas Petroleum Trading SAL (Off‐Shore); Overseas Petroleum Company)\nDunant Street, Snoubra Sector, Beirut, Lebanon\nProviding support to the Syrian regime and benefitting from the regime by organising covert shipments of oil to the Syrian regime. Controlled by Abdelhamid Khamis Abdullah (Chairman) who has been designated by the Council, and therefore associated with him.\n23.7.2014\n56.\nThe Baniyas Refinery Company\n(a.k.a. Banias; Banyas)\nBanias Refinery Building, 26 Latkia Main Road, Tartous, P.O. Box 26, Syria\nSubsidiary of the General Corporation for Refining and Distribution of Petroleum Products (GCRDPP), a section of the Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources. As such it provides financial support to the Syrian regime.\n23.7.2014\n57.\nThe Homs Refinery Company\n(a.k.a Hims, General Company for Homs Refinery)\nGeneral Company for Homs Refinery Building, 352 Tripoli Street, Homs, P.O. Box 352, Syria\nSubsidiary of the General Corporation for Refining and Distribution of Petroleum Products (GCRDPP), a section of the Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources. As such it provides financial support to the Syrian regime.\n23.7.2014\n58.\nArmy Supply Bureau\nP.O. Box 3361, Damascus, Syria\nInvolved in the procurement of military equipment for the Syrian regime, and therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria. Branch of the Syrian Ministry of Defence.\n23.7.2014\n59.\nIndustrial Establishment of Defence\n(a.k.a. Industrial Establishment of Defense (IED); Industrial Establishment for Defence; Defence Factories Establishment; Establissements Industriels de la Defense (EID); Establissement Industrial de la Defence (ETINDE), Coefficient Defense Foundation)\nAl Thawraa Street, P.O. Box 2330 Damascus, Syria\nOr\nAl‐Hameh, Damascus Countryside, P.O. Box 2230, Syria\nInvolved in the procurement of military equipment for the Syrian regime, and therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria. Branch of the Syrian Ministry of Defence.\n23.7.2014\n60.\nHigher Institute for Applied Sciences and Technology (HIAST)\n( )\n(a.k.a. Institut Supérieur des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ISSAT))\nP.O. Box 31983, Barzeh, Syria\nAffiliated to and a subsidiary of the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC) which is already designated by the Council. It provides training and support to the SSRC and is therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population.\n23.7.2014\n61.\nNational Standards & Calibration Laboratory (NSCL)\nP.O. Box 4470, Damascus, Syria\nAffiliated to and a subsidiary of the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC) which is already designated by the Council. It provides training and support to the SSRC and is therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population.\n23.7.2014\n62.\nEl Jazireh (a.k.a. Al Jazerra)\nShaheen Building, 2nd floor, Sami el Solh, Beirut, Lebanon;\nSector of hydrocarbons\nOwned or controlled by Ayman Jaber, therefore associated with a designated person.\n23.7.2014\n63.\nPangates International Corp Ltd\n(a.k.a. Pangates)\nP.O. Box 8177, Sharjah Airport International Free Zone, United Arab Emirates\nActs as an intermediary in the supply of oil to the Syrian regime. Therefore, it is providing support to and benefiting from the Syrian regime. It is also associated with listed Syrian oil company Sytrol.\n21.10.2014\n65.\nOrganisation for Technological Industries (OTI)\n(a.k.a. Technical Industries Corporation (TIC))\nP.O. Box 11037, Damascus, Syria\nSubsidiary of the Syrian Ministry of Defence, which has been designated by the Council.\nOTI is involved in the production of chemical weapons for the Syrian regime.\nIt is therefore responsible for the violent repression of the Syrian population.\nAs a subsidiary of the Ministry of Defence, it is also associated with a designated entity.\n7.3.2015\n66.\nSyrian Company for Information Technology (SCIT)\nP.O. Box 11037, Damascus, Syria\nSubsidiary of the Organisation for Technological Industries (OTI) and therefore the Syrian Ministry of Defence, which have been designated by the Council. It also works with the Central Bank of Syria which has been designated by the Council.\nAs a subsidiary of OTI and the Ministry of Defence, SCIT is associated with these designated entities.\n7.3.2015\n67.\nHamsho Trading\n(a.k.a. Hamsho Group; Hmisho Trading Group; Hmisho Economic Group)\nHamsho Building, 31 Baghdad Street, Damascus, Syria\nSubsidiary of Hamsho International, which has been designated by the Council.\nAs such, Hamsho Trading is associated with a designated entity, Hamsho International.\nSupports the Syrian regime through its subsidiaries, including Syria Steel. Through its subsidiaries it is associated with groups such as the pro‐regime Shabiha militias.\n7.3.2015\n72.\nRawafed Damascus Private Joint Stock Company\n(a.k.a. Rawafed/Rawafid/Rawafed (Tributary) Damascus Private Joint Stock Company)\nDamascus, Syria\nA USD 48,3 million joint venture between Damascus Cham Holding, Ramak Development and Humanitarian Projects, Al‐Ammar LLC, Timeet Trading LLC (a.k.a. Ultimate Trading Co. Ltd.) and Wings Private JSC. Rawafed supports and/or benefits from the Syrian regime, including through its participation in the regime‐backed luxury development Marota City.\n21.1.2019\n73.\nAman Damascus Joint Stock Company\n(a.k.a. Aman Damascus JSC)\nDamascus, Syria\nA USD 18,9 million joint venture between Damascus Cham Holding and Aman Group. Through its participation in the regime‐backed luxury development Marota City, Aman Damascus supports and/or benefits from the Syrian regime.\n21.1.2019\n74.\nBunyan Damascus Private Joint Stock Company\n(a.k.a. Bunyan Damascus Private JSC)\nDamascus, Syria\nA USD 34,8 million joint venture between Damascus Cham Holding and Apex Development and Projects LLC and Tamayoz LLC. Through its participation in the regime‐backed luxury development Marota City, Bunyan Damascus Private Joint Stock Company supports and/or benefits from the Syrian regime.\n21.1.2019\n75.\nMirza\nDamascus, Syria\nA USD 52,7 million joint venture between Damascus Cham Holding and Talas Group. Through its participation in the regime‐backed luxury development Marota City, Mirza supports and/or benefits from the Syrian regime.\n21.1.2019\n77.\nAl Qatarji Company\n(a.k.a. Qatarji International Group; Al‐Sham and Al‐Darwish Company; Khatirji/Katarji/Katerji Group; مجموعة/شركةقاطرخي)\nType of entity: private company;\nBusiness sector: import/export; trucking; supply of oil and commodities;\nName of Director/Management: Hussam al‐Qatirji, CEO (designated by the Council);\nUltimate beneficial owner: Hussam al‐Qatirji (designated by the Council);\nRegistered address: Mazzah, Damascus, Syria;\nRelatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Arvada/Arfada Petroleum Company JSC\nProminent company operating across multiple sectors of the Syrian economy. By facilitating fuel, arms and ammunition trade between the regime and various actors including ISIS (Daesh) under the pretext of importing and exporting food items, supporting militias fighting alongside the regime and taking advantage of its ties with the regime to expand its commercial activity, Al Qatarji Company – whose board is headed by designated person Hussam al-Qatarji, a member of the Syrian People’s Assembly – supports and benefits from the Syrian regime.\n17.2.2020\n78.\nDamascus Cham Holding Company\n(a.k.a. Damascus Cham Private Joint Stock Company; القابضةالشامدمشق)\nType of entity: public‐owned company under private law;\nBusiness sector: real estate development;\nName of Director/Management: Adel Anwar al‐Olabi, Vice-Chair of the Board of Directors and Governor of Damascus (designated by the Council);\nUltimate beneficial owner: Governorate of Damascus;\nRelatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Rami Makhlouf (designated by the Council); Samer Foz (designated by the Council); Mazen Tarazi (designated by the Council); Talas Group, owned by businessman Anas Talas (designated by the Council); Khaled al‐Zubaidi (designated by the Council); Nader Qalei (designated by the Council)\nDamascus Cham Holding Company was established by the regime as the investment arm of the Governorate of Damascus in order to manage the properties of the Governorate of Damascus and implement the Marota City project, a luxurious real estate project based on expropriated land under Decree No. 66 and Law No. 10 in particular.\nBy managing the implementation of Marota City, Damascus Cham Holding (whose Vice‐Chair is the Governor of Damascus) supports and benefits from the Syrian regime and provides benefits to businesspeople with close ties to the regime who have struck lucrative deals with this entity through public‐private partnerships.\n17.2.2020\n’",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudn/2020/719/annex",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T15:12:15.554498+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}