{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-1977-249/article-1",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-1977-249/article-1.json",
  "legislation": "eudr/1977/249",
  "legislation_title": "Council Directive of 22 March 1977 to facilitate the effective exercise by lawyers of freedom to provide services (77/249/EEC)",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-1977-249",
  "path": "article/1",
  "kind": "article",
  "number": "1",
  "heading": null,
  "text": "1. This Directive shall apply, within the limits and under the conditions laid down herein, to the activities of lawyers pursued by way of provision of services. Notwithstanding anything contained in this Directive, Member States may reserve to prescribed categories of lawyers the preparation of formal documents for obtaining title to administer estates of deceased persons, and the drafting of formal documents creating or transferring interests in land.\n2. Belgium:\nAvocat — Advocaat\nDenmark:\nAdvokat\nGermany:\nRechtsanwalt\nFrance:\nAvocat\nIreland:\nBarrister\nSolicitor\nItaly:\nAvvocato\nLuxembourg:\nAvocat-avoué\nNetherlands:\nAdvocaat\nUnited Kingdom:\nAdvocate\nBarrister\nSolicitor.\nGreece:\nΔικηγόρος .\nSpain:\nAbogado\nPortugal:\nAdvogado\n.\nAustria:\nRechtsanwalt\nFinland:\nAsianajaja Advokat\nSweden:\nAdvokat\n.\nCzech Republic:\nAdvokát\nEstonia:\nVandeadvokaat\nCyprus:\nΔικηγόρος\nLatvia:\nZvērināts advokāts\nLithuania:\nAdvokatas\nHungary:\nÜgyvéd\nMalta:\nAvukat/Prokuratur Legali\nPoland:\nAdwokat/Radca prawny\nSlovenia:\nOdvetnik/Odvetnica\nSlovakia:\nAdvokát/Komerčný právnik .\nBulgaria:\nAдвокат\nRomania:\nAvocat\nCroatia:\nOdvjetnik/Odvjetnica.",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "Deleted by Act concerning the conditions of accession of the Hellenic Republic and the adjustments to the Treaties."
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F2",
      "text": "Inserted by Act concerning the conditions of accession of the Hellenic Republic and the adjustments to the Treaties."
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F3",
      "text": "Deleted by Act concerning the conditions of accession of the Kingdom of Spain and the Portuguese Republic and the adjustments to the Treaties."
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F4",
      "text": "Inserted by Act concerning the conditions of accession of the Kingdom of Spain and the Portuguese Republic and the adjustments to the Treaties."
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F5",
      "text": "Deleted by Act concerning the conditions of accession of the Kingdom of Norway, the Republic of Austria, the Republic of Finland and the Kingdom of Sweden and the adjustments to the Treaties on which the European Union is founded (94/C 241/08)."
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F6",
      "text": "Inserted by Act concerning the conditions of accession of the Kingdom of Norway, the Republic of Austria, the Republic of Finland and the Kingdom of Sweden and the adjustments to the Treaties on which the European Union is founded (94/C 241/08)."
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F7",
      "text": "Substituted by Decision of the Council of the European Union of 1 January 1995 adjusting the instruments concerning the accession of new Member States to the European Union (95/1/EC, Euratom, ECSC)."
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F8",
      "text": "Deleted by Act concerning the conditions of accession of the Czech Republic, the Republic of Estonia, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Republic of Hungary, the Republic of Malta, the Republic of Poland, the Republic of Slovenia and the Slovak Republic and the adjustments to the Treaties on which the European Union is founded."
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F9",
      "text": "Inserted by Act concerning the conditions of accession of the Czech Republic, the Republic of Estonia, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Republic of Hungary, the Republic of Malta, the Republic of Poland, the Republic of Slovenia and the Slovak Republic and the adjustments to the Treaties on which the European Union is founded."
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F10",
      "text": "Deleted by Council Directive 2006/100/EC of 20 November 2006 adapting certain Directives in the field of freedom of movement of persons, by reason of the accession of Bulgaria and Romania."
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F11",
      "text": "Inserted by Council Directive 2006/100/EC of 20 November 2006 adapting certain Directives in the field of freedom of movement of persons, by reason of the accession of Bulgaria and Romania."
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F12",
      "text": "Inserted by Council Directive 2013/25/EU of 13 May 2013 adapting certain directives in the field of right of establishment and freedom to provide services, by reason of the accession of the Republic of Croatia."
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudr/1977/249/article/1",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T15:23:45.113874+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}