{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-1998-57/annex-II/section-VI/division-B/division-7/division-7.1",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-1998-57/annex-II/section-VI/division-B/division-7/division-7.1.json",
  "legislation": "eudr/1998/57",
  "legislation_title": "Council Directive 98/57/EC of 20 July 1998 on the control of Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al.",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-1998-57",
  "path": "annex/II/section/VI/division/B/division/7/division/7.1",
  "kind": "division",
  "number": "7.1",
  "heading": "Biovar determination",
  "text": "R. solanacearum is separated into biovars on the basis of the ability to utilise and/or oxidise three disaccharides and three hexose alcohols (Hayward, 1964 and Hayward et al. , 1990). Growth media for the biovar test is described in Appendix 2. The test can be successfully performed by stab inoculating the media with pure cultures of R. solanacearum isolates and incubating at 28 °C. If the media are dispensed into sterile 96 well cell culture plates (200 µl per well) colour change from olive green to yellow can be observed within 72 hours, indicating a positive test result.\nBiovar\n1\n2\n3\n4\n5\nUtilisation of:\nMaltose\n–\n+\n+\n–\n+\nLactose\n–\n+\n+\n–\n+\nD (+) Cellobiose\n–\n+\n+\n–\n+\nMannitol\n–\n–\n+\n+\n+\nSorbitol\n–\n–\n+\n+\n–\nDulcitol\n–\n–\n+\n+\n–\nAdditional tests differentiate biovar 2 sub-phenotypes\nSee Lelliott and Stead (1987)\nBiovar 2A (Worldwide distribution)\nBiovar 2A (Found in Chile and Colombia)\nBiovar 2T (Found in tropical areas)\nUtilisation of trehalose\n–\n+\n+\nUtilisation of meso -inositol\n+\n–\n+\nUtilisation of D ribose\n–\n–\n+\nPectolytic activity\nlow\nlow\nhigh",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "Substituted by Commission Directive 2006/63/CE of 14 July 2006 amending Annexes II to VII to Council Directive 98/57/EC on the control of Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) Yabuuchi et al.."
    },
    {
      "type": "footnote",
      "label": "f1",
      "text": "See Lelliott and Stead (1987)"
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudr/1998/57/annex/II/section/VI/division/B/division/7/division/7.1",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T15:23:06.931886+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}