{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2003-87/article-1",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2003-87/article-1.json",
  "legislation": "eudr/2003/87",
  "legislation_title": "Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 2003 establishing a system for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Union and amending Council Directive 96/61/EC (Text with EEA relevance)",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2003-87",
  "path": "article/1",
  "kind": "article",
  "number": "1",
  "heading": "Subject matter",
  "text": "This Directive establishes a system for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Union (hereinafter referred to as the ‘EU ETS’) in order to promote reductions of greenhouse gas emissions in a cost-effective and economically efficient manner.\nThis Directive also provides for the reductions of greenhouse gas emissions to be increased so as to contribute to the levels of reductions that are considered scientifically necessary to avoid dangerous climate change.\nThis Directive also lays down provisions for assessing and implementing a stricter Union reduction commitment exceeding 20 %, to be applied upon the approval by the Union of an international agreement on climate change leading to greenhouse gas emission reductions exceeding those required in Article 9, as reflected in the 30 % commitment endorsed by the European Council of March 2007.",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F1",
      "text": "Substituted by Directive (EU) 2018/410 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 March 2018 amending Directive 2003/87/EC to enhance cost-effective emission reductions and low-carbon investments, and Decision (EU) 2015/1814 (Text with EEA relevance)."
    },
    {
      "type": "F",
      "label": "F2",
      "text": "Inserted by Directive 2009/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 amending Directive 2003/87/EC so as to improve and extend the greenhouse gas emission allowance trading scheme of the Community (Text with EEA relevance)."
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudr/2003/87/article/1",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T15:22:52.291036+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}