Division 3.3.3

Effects assessment — based on the sensitivity of particular species, communities or habitats linked to potential leakage events identified under Step 3.3.1. Where relevant it shall include effects of exposure to elevated CO₂ concentrations in the biosphere (including soils, marine sediments and benthic waters (asphyxiation; hypercapnia) and reduced pH in those environments as a consequence of leaking CO₂). It shall also include an assessment of the effects of other substances that may be present in leaking CO₂ streams (either impurities present in the injection stream or new substances formed through storage of CO₂). These effects shall be considered at a range of temporal and spatial scales, and linked to a range of different magnitudes of leakage events.