{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2014-45/annex-I/division-3/division-5/division-5.1",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2014-45/annex-I/division-3/division-5/division-5.1.json",
  "legislation": "eudr/2014/45",
  "legislation_title": "Directive 2014/45/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 April 2014 on periodic roadworthiness tests for motor vehicles and their trailers and repealing Directive 2009/40/EC (Text with EEA relevance)",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2014-45",
  "path": "annex/I/division/3/division/5/division/5.1",
  "kind": "division",
  "number": "5.1",
  "heading": "Axles",
  "text": "5.1.1.\nAxles\nVisual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes\n(a)\nAxle fractured or deformed.\nX\n(b)\nInsecure fixing to vehicle.\nX\nStability impaired, functionality affected: Extensive movement relative to its fixtures.\nX\n(c)\nUnsafe modification 3 .\nX\nStability impaired, functionality affected, insufficient clearance to other vehicle parts or to the ground.\nX\n5.1.2.\nStub axles\nVisual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes. Apply a vertical or lateral force to each wheel and note the amount of movement between the axle beam and stub axle.\n(a)\nStub axle fractured.\nX\n(b)\nExcessive wear in the swivel pin and/or bushes.\nX\nLikelihood of loosening; directional stability impaired.\nX\n(c)\nExcessive movement between stub axle and axle beam.\nX\nLikelihood of loosening; directional stability impaired.\nX\n(d)\nStub axle pin loose in axle.\nX\nLikelihood of loosening; directional stability impaired.\nX\n5.1.3.\nWheel bearings\nVisual inspection with the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes. Rock the wheel or apply a lateral force to each wheel and note the amount of upward movement of the wheel relative to the stub axle.\n(a)\nExcessive play in a wheel bearing.\nX\nDirectional stability impaired; danger of demolishment.\nX\n(b)\nWheel bearing too tight, jammed.\nX\nDanger of overheating; danger of demolishment.\nX\nItem\nMethod\nReasons for failure\nAssessment of deficiencies\nMinor\nMajor\nDangerous",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [
    {
      "type": "X",
      "label": "X1",
      "text": "Substituted by Corrigendum to Directive 2014/45/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 April 2014 on periodic roadworthiness tests for motor vehicles and their trailers and repealing Directive 2009/40/EC (Official Journal of the European Union L 127 of 29 April 2014)."
    }
  ],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudr/2014/45/annex/I/division/3/division/5/division/5.1",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T15:21:46.121319+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}