# Directive 2014/45/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 April 2014 on periodic roadworthiness tests for motor vehicles and their trailers and repealing Directive 2009/40/EC (Text with EEA relevance), Division 5.1: Axles

Extent: E+W+S+N.I.

5.1.1.
Axles
Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes
(a)
Axle fractured or deformed.
X
(b)
Insecure fixing to vehicle.
X
Stability impaired, functionality affected: Extensive movement relative to its fixtures.
X
(c)
Unsafe modification 3 .
X
Stability impaired, functionality affected, insufficient clearance to other vehicle parts or to the ground.
X
5.1.2.
Stub axles
Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes. Apply a vertical or lateral force to each wheel and note the amount of movement between the axle beam and stub axle.
(a)
Stub axle fractured.
X
(b)
Excessive wear in the swivel pin and/or bushes.
X
Likelihood of loosening; directional stability impaired.
X
(c)
Excessive movement between stub axle and axle beam.
X
Likelihood of loosening; directional stability impaired.
X
(d)
Stub axle pin loose in axle.
X
Likelihood of loosening; directional stability impaired.
X
5.1.3.
Wheel bearings
Visual inspection with the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes. Rock the wheel or apply a lateral force to each wheel and note the amount of upward movement of the wheel relative to the stub axle.
(a)
Excessive play in a wheel bearing.
X
Directional stability impaired; danger of demolishment.
X
(b)
Wheel bearing too tight, jammed.
X
Danger of overheating; danger of demolishment.
X
Item
Method
Reasons for failure
Assessment of deficiencies
Minor
Major
Dangerous

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Source: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudr/2014/45/annex/I/division/3/division/5/division/5.1 (the official version)
Page: https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2014-45/annex-I/division-3/division-5/division-5.1
Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives.