{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2016-2284/annex-V",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2016-2284/annex-V.json",
  "legislation": "eudr/2016/2284",
  "legislation_title": "Directive (EU) 2016/2284 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 December 2016 on the reduction of national emissions of certain atmospheric pollutants, amending Directive 2003/35/EC and repealing Directive 2001/81/EC (Text with EEA relevance)",
  "legislation_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2016-2284",
  "path": "annex/V",
  "kind": "annex",
  "number": "V",
  "heading": "OPTIONAL INDICATORS FOR MONITORING AIR POLLUTION IMPACTS REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 9",
  "text": "(a) for freshwater ecosystems: establishing the extent of biological damage, including sensitive receptors (microphytes, macrophytes and diatoms), and loss of fish stock or invertebrates:\nthe key indicator acid neutralising capacity (ANC) and the supporting indicators acidity (pH), dissolved sulphate (SO4), nitrate (NO3) and dissolved organic carbon:\nfrequency of sampling: from yearly (in lake autumn turnover) to monthly (streams).\n(b) for terrestrial ecosystems: assessing the soil acidity, soil nutrients loss, nitrogen status and balance as well as biodiversity loss:\n(i) the key indicator soil acidity: exchangeable fractions of base cations (base saturation) and exchangeable aluminium in soils:\nfrequency of sampling: every 10 years;\nsupporting indicators: pH, sulphate, nitrate, base cations, aluminium concentrations in soil solution:\nfrequency of sampling: every year (where relevant);\n(ii) the key indicator soil nitrate leaching (NO3,leach):\nfrequency of sampling: every year;\n(iii) the key indicator carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N) and the supporting indicator of total nitrogen in soil (Ntot):\nfrequency of sampling: every 10 years;\n(iv) the key indicator nutrient balance in foliage (N/P,N/K, N/Mg):\nfrequency of sampling: every four years.\n(c) for terrestrial ecosystems: assessing ozone damage to vegetation growth and biodiversity:\n(i) the key indicator vegetation growth and foliar damage and the supporting indicator carbon flux (Cflux):\nfrequency of sampling: every year;\n(ii) the key indicator exceedance of flux-based critical levels:\nfrequency of sampling: every year during the growing season.",
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "status": null,
  "version": "current",
  "annotations": [],
  "outstanding_effects": [],
  "provenance": {
    "source": "legislation.gov.uk",
    "source_url": "https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudr/2016/2284/annex/V",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-11-01T15:21:33.751932+00:00"
  },
  "licence": "Open Government Licence v3.0",
  "licence_url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/",
  "attribution": "Contains public sector information licensed under the Open Government Licence v3.0. Source: legislation.gov.uk, The National Archives."
}