{
  "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972",
  "json_url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972.json",
  "id": "eudr/2018/1972",
  "title": "Directive (EU) 2018/1972 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 establishing the European Electronic Communications Code (Recast) (Text with EEA relevance)",
  "short_title": "Directive (EU) 2018/1972 establishing the European Electronic Communications Code",
  "long_title": "Directive (EU) 2018/1972 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 establishing the European Electronic Communications Code (Recast) (Text with EEA relevance)",
  "citation": "EU Directive 2018/1972",
  "type": "eudr",
  "year": "2018",
  "number": "1972",
  "version": "current",
  "date": "2018-12-11",
  "revised": false,
  "valid_from": null,
  "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
  "unapplied_effects": 0,
  "provisions": [
    {
      "path": "introduction",
      "kind": "introduction",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Introductory text",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/introduction",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "part/I",
      "kind": "part",
      "number": "I",
      "heading": "FRAMEWORK (GENERAL RULES FOR THE ORGANISATION OF THE SECTOR)",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "part/I/title/I",
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      "heading": "SCOPE, AIM AND OBJECTIVES, DEFINITIONS",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
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    },
    {
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      "heading": "Subject matter, scope and aims",
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      "path": "article/2",
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      "heading": "Definitions",
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      "path": "part/I/title/I/chapter/II",
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      "path": "part/I/title/II",
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      "path": "article/7",
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      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-7",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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    {
      "path": "article/8",
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      "heading": "Political independence and accountability of the national regulatory authorities",
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      "path": "article/9",
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      "path": "article/10",
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    },
    {
      "path": "part/I/title/II/chapter/II",
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      "heading": "General authorisation",
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      "status": null,
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    {
      "path": "part/I/title/II/chapter/II/section/1",
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      "heading": "General part",
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      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I/title/II/chapter/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/12",
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      "heading": "General authorisation of electronic communications networks and services",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-12",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
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      "path": "article/13",
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      "heading": "Conditions attached to the general authorisation and to the rights of use for radio spectrum and for numbering resources, and specific obligations",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-13",
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      "status": null,
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      "path": "article/14",
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      "heading": "Declarations to facilitate the exercise of rights to install facilities and rights of interconnection",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-14",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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    {
      "path": "part/I/title/II/chapter/II/section/2",
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      "path": "article/15",
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      "heading": "Minimum list of rights derived from the general authorisation",
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    },
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      "path": "article/16",
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      "heading": "Administrative charges",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-16",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I/title/II/chapter/II/section/2"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/17",
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      "heading": "Accounting separation and financial reports",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-17",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I/title/II/chapter/II/section/2"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/I/title/II/chapter/II/section/3",
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      "heading": "Amendment and withdrawal",
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      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "article/18",
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      "heading": "Amendment of rights and obligations",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-18",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
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      "parent": "part/I/title/II/chapter/II/section/3"
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      "path": "article/19",
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    {
      "path": "part/I/title/II/chapter/III",
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    },
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      "path": "article/22",
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      "heading": "Geographical surveys of network deployments",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-22",
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      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-26",
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    },
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      "heading": "Resolution of cross-border disputes",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-27",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I/title/II/chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/28",
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      "heading": "Radio Spectrum Coordination among Member States",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-28",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I/title/II/chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/I/title/III",
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      "heading": "IMPLEMENTATION",
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    },
    {
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      "heading": "Penalties",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-29",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I/title/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/30",
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      "heading": "Compliance with the conditions of the general authorisation or of rights of use for radio spectrum and for numbering resources and compliance with specific obligations",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-30",
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    },
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      "path": "article/31",
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      "heading": "Right of appeal",
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      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "part/I/title/IV",
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      "heading": "INTERNAL MARKET PROCEDURES",
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      "status": null,
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    {
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    },
    {
      "path": "article/32",
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      "heading": "Consolidating the internal market for electronic communications",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I/title/IV/chapter/I"
    },
    {
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      "heading": "Implementing provisions",
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      "path": "part/I/title/IV/chapter/II",
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      "heading": "Consistent radio spectrum assignment",
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      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "article/35",
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      "heading": "Peer review process",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "article/36",
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      "heading": "Harmonised assignment of radio spectrum",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I/title/IV/chapter/II"
    },
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      "path": "article/37",
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      "number": "37",
      "heading": "Joint authorisation process to grant individual rights of use for radio spectrum",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-37",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I/title/IV/chapter/II"
    },
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      "path": "part/I/title/IV/chapter/III",
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      "heading": "Harmonisation procedures",
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      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I/title/IV"
    },
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      "path": "article/38",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "38",
      "heading": "Harmonisation procedures",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-38",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I/title/IV/chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/39",
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      "number": "39",
      "heading": "Standardisation",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I/title/IV/chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/I/title/V",
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      "number": "V",
      "heading": "SECURITY",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/40",
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      "heading": "Security of networks and services",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-40",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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    },
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      "path": "article/41",
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      "heading": "Implementation and enforcement",
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      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "part/II",
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      "heading": "NETWORKS",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/title/I",
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      "number": "I",
      "heading": "MARKET ENTRY AND DEPLOYMENT",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/title/I/chapter/I",
      "kind": "chapter",
      "number": "I",
      "heading": "Fees",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/42",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "42",
      "heading": "Fees for rights of use for radio spectrum and rights to install facilities",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-42",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I/chapter/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/title/I/chapter/II",
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      "heading": "Access to land",
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      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/43",
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      "heading": "Rights of way",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-43",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I/chapter/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/44",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "44",
      "heading": "Co-location and sharing of network elements and associated facilities for providers of electronic communications networks",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-44",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I/chapter/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/title/I/chapter/III",
      "kind": "chapter",
      "number": "III",
      "heading": "Access to radio spectrum",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/title/I/chapter/III/section/1",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "1",
      "heading": "Authorisations",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I/chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/45",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "45",
      "heading": "Management of radio spectrum",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-45",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I/chapter/III/section/1"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/46",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "46",
      "heading": "Authorisation of the use of radio spectrum",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-46",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I/chapter/III/section/1"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/47",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "47",
      "heading": "Conditions attached to individual rights of use for radio spectrum",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-47",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I/chapter/III/section/1"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/title/I/chapter/III/section/2",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "2",
      "heading": "Rights of use",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I/chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/48",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "48",
      "heading": "Granting of individual rights of use for radio spectrum",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-48",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I/chapter/III/section/2"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/49",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "49",
      "heading": "Duration of rights",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-49",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I/chapter/III/section/2"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/50",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "50",
      "heading": "Renewal of individual rights of use for harmonised radio spectrum",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-50",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I/chapter/III/section/2"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/51",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "51",
      "heading": "Transfer or lease of individual rights of use for radio spectrum",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-51",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I/chapter/III/section/2"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/52",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "52",
      "heading": "Competition",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-52",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I/chapter/III/section/2"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/title/I/chapter/III/section/3",
      "kind": "section",
      "number": "3",
      "heading": "Procedures",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I/chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/53",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "53",
      "heading": "Coordinated timing of assignments",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-53",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I/chapter/III/section/3"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/54",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "54",
      "heading": "Coordinated timing of assignments for specific 5G bands",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-54",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I/chapter/III/section/3"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/55",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "55",
      "heading": "Procedure for limiting the number of rights of use to be granted for radio spectrum",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-55",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I/chapter/III/section/3"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/title/I/chapter/IV",
      "kind": "chapter",
      "number": "IV",
      "heading": "Deployment and use of wireless network equipment",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/56",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "56",
      "heading": "Access to radio local area networks",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-56",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I/chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/57",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "57",
      "heading": "Deployment and operation of small-area wireless access points",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-57",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I/chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/58",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "58",
      "heading": "Technical regulations on electromagnetic fields",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-58",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/I/chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/title/II",
      "kind": "title",
      "number": "II",
      "heading": "ACCESS",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/title/II/chapter/I",
      "kind": "chapter",
      "number": "I",
      "heading": "General provisions, access principles",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/59",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "59",
      "heading": "General framework for access and interconnection",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-59",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/60",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "60",
      "heading": "Rights and obligations of undertakings",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-60",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/title/II/chapter/II",
      "kind": "chapter",
      "number": "II",
      "heading": "Access and interconnection",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/61",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "61",
      "heading": "Powers and responsibilities of the national regulatory and other competent authorities with regard to access and interconnection",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-61",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/62",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "62",
      "heading": "Conditional access systems and other facilities",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-62",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/title/II/chapter/III",
      "kind": "chapter",
      "number": "III",
      "heading": "Market analysis and significant market power",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/63",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "63",
      "heading": "Undertakings with significant market power",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-63",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/64",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "64",
      "heading": "Procedure for the identification and definition of markets",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-64",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/65",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "65",
      "heading": "Procedure for the identification of transnational markets",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-65",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/66",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "66",
      "heading": "Procedure for the identification of transnational demand",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-66",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/67",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "67",
      "heading": "Market analysis procedure",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-67",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/title/II/chapter/IV",
      "kind": "chapter",
      "number": "IV",
      "heading": "Access remedies imposed on undertakings with significant market power",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/68",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "68",
      "heading": "Imposition, amendment or withdrawal of obligations",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-68",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/69",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "69",
      "heading": "Obligation of transparency",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-69",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/70",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "70",
      "heading": "Obligations of non-discrimination",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-70",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/71",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "71",
      "heading": "Obligation of accounting separation",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-71",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/72",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "72",
      "heading": "Access to civil engineering",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-72",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/73",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "73",
      "heading": "Obligations of access to, and use of, specific network elements and associated facilities",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-73",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/74",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "74",
      "heading": "Price control and cost accounting obligations",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-74",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/75",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "75",
      "heading": "Termination rates",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-75",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/76",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "76",
      "heading": "Regulatory treatment of new very high capacity network elements",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-76",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/77",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "77",
      "heading": "Functional separation",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-77",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/78",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "78",
      "heading": "Voluntary separation by a vertically integrated undertaking",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-78",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/79",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "79",
      "heading": "Commitments procedure",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-79",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/80",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "80",
      "heading": "Wholesale-only undertakings",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-80",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/81",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "81",
      "heading": "Migration from legacy infrastructure",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-81",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/82",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "82",
      "heading": "BEREC guidelines on very high capacity networks",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-82",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/IV"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/II/title/II/chapter/V",
      "kind": "chapter",
      "number": "V",
      "heading": "Regulatory control of retail services",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/83",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "83",
      "heading": "Regulatory control of retail services",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-83",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/II/title/II/chapter/V"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/III",
      "kind": "part",
      "number": "III",
      "heading": "SERVICES",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "part/III/title/I",
      "kind": "title",
      "number": "I",
      "heading": "UNIVERSAL SERVICE OBLIGATIONS",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/84",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "84",
      "heading": "Affordable universal service",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-84",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III/title/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/85",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "85",
      "heading": "Provision of affordable universal service",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-85",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III/title/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/86",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "86",
      "heading": "Availability of universal service",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-86",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III/title/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/87",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "87",
      "heading": "Status of the existing universal service",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-87",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III/title/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/88",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "88",
      "heading": "Control of expenditure",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-88",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III/title/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/89",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "89",
      "heading": "Cost of universal service obligations",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-89",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III/title/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/90",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "90",
      "heading": "Financing of universal service obligations",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-90",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III/title/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/91",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "91",
      "heading": "Transparency",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-91",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III/title/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/92",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "92",
      "heading": "Additional mandatory services",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-92",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III/title/I"
    },
    {
      "path": "part/III/title/II",
      "kind": "title",
      "number": "II",
      "heading": "NUMBERING RESOURCES",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/93",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "93",
      "heading": "Numbering resources",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-93",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III/title/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/94",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "94",
      "heading": "Procedure for granting of rights of use for numbering resources",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-94",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III/title/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/95",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "95",
      "heading": "Fees for rights of use for numbering resources",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-95",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III/title/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/96",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "96",
      "heading": "Missing children and child helpline hotlines",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-96",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III/title/II"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/97",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "97",
      "heading": "Access to numbers and services",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-97",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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      "heading": "Transparency, comparison of offers and publication of information",
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      "status": null,
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      "heading": "Contract duration and termination",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III/title/III"
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      "path": "article/106",
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      "heading": "Provider switching and number portability",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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      "heading": "Bundled offers",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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      "path": "article/108",
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      "heading": "Availability of services",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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      "path": "article/109",
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      "heading": "Emergency communications and the single European emergency number",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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      "path": "article/110",
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      "heading": "Public warning system",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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      "path": "article/111",
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      "heading": "Equivalent access and choice for end-users with disabilities",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III/title/III"
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      "path": "article/112",
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      "number": "112",
      "heading": "Directory enquiry services",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-112",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III/title/III"
    },
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      "path": "article/113",
      "kind": "article",
      "number": "113",
      "heading": "Interoperability of car radio and consumer radio receivers and consumer digital television equipment",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-113",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III/title/III"
    },
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      "path": "article/114",
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      "number": "114",
      "heading": "‘Must carry’ obligations",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-114",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III/title/III"
    },
    {
      "path": "article/115",
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      "heading": "Provision of additional facilities",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-115",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/III/title/III"
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      "path": "article/116",
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      "heading": "Adaptation of annexes",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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      "path": "part/IV",
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      "number": "IV",
      "heading": "FINAL PROVISIONS",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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    },
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      "path": "article/117",
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      "heading": "Exercise of the delegation",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-117",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/IV"
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      "path": "article/118",
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      "heading": "Committee",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "article/119",
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      "heading": "Exchange of information",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-119",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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      "path": "article/120",
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      "heading": "Publication of information",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-120",
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      "status": null,
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      "path": "article/121",
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      "number": "121",
      "heading": "Notification and monitoring",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-121",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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      "heading": "Review procedures",
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      "heading": "Specific review procedure on end-user rights",
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      "heading": "Transposition",
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      "path": "article/125",
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      "number": "125",
      "heading": "Repeal",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/article-125",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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      "heading": "Entry into force",
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      "number": "127",
      "heading": "Addressees",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "part/IV"
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    {
      "path": "annex/I",
      "kind": "annex",
      "number": "I",
      "heading": "LIST OF CONDITIONS WHICH MAY BE ATTACHED TO GENERAL AUTHORISATIONS, RIGHTS OF USE FOR RADIO SPECTRUM AND RIGHTS OF USE FOR NUMBERING RESOURCES",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/annex-I",
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    {
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      "heading": "General conditions which may be attached to a general authorisation",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/annex-I/division-A",
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      "heading": "Specific conditions which may be attached to a general authorisation for the provision of electronic communications networks",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/annex-I/division-B",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
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    {
      "path": "annex/I/division/C",
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      "number": "C",
      "heading": "Specific conditions which may be attached to a general authorisation for the provision of electronic communications services, except number-independent interpersonal communications services",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/annex-I/division-C",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
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      "path": "annex/I/division/D",
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      "heading": "Conditions which may be attached to rights of use for radio spectrum",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/annex-I/division-D",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
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      "path": "annex/I/division/E",
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      "number": "E",
      "heading": "Conditions which may be attached to rights of use for numbering resources",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/annex-I/division-E",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": "annex/I"
    },
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      "path": "annex/II",
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      "number": "II",
      "heading": "CONDITIONS FOR ACCESS TO DIGITAL TELEVISION AND RADIO SERVICES BROADCAST TO VIEWERS AND LISTENERS IN THE UNION",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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    },
    {
      "path": "annex/II/part/I",
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      "number": "I",
      "heading": "Conditions for conditional access systems to be applied in accordance with Article 62(1)",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
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      "path": "annex/II/part/II",
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      "heading": "Other facilities to which conditions may be applied under point (D) of Article 61(2)",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/annex-II/part-II",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
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      "path": "annex/III",
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      "number": "III",
      "heading": "CRITERIA FOR THE DETERMINATION OF WHOLESALE VOICE TERMINATION RATES",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/annex-III",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
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      "path": "annex/IV",
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      "heading": "CRITERIA FOR ASSESSING CO-INVESTMENT OFFERS",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "annex/V",
      "kind": "annex",
      "number": "V",
      "heading": "MINIMUM SET OF SERVICES WHICH THE ADEQUATE BROADBAND INTERNET ACCESS SERVICE IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 84(3) SHALL BE CAPABLE OF SUPPORTING",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/annex-V",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
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      "path": "annex/VI",
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      "number": "VI",
      "heading": "DESCRIPTION OF FACILITIES AND SERVICES REFERRED TO IN ARTICLE 88 (CONTROL OF EXPENDITURE), ARTICLE 115 (ADDITIONAL FACILITIES) AND ARTICLE 106 (PROVIDER SWITCHING AND NUMBER PORTABILITY)",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "annex/VI/part/A",
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      "heading": "Facilities and services referred to in Articles 88 and 115",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/annex-VI/part-A",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
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      "path": "annex/VI/part/B",
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      "heading": "Facilities referred to in Article 115",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
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    {
      "path": "annex/VI/part/C",
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      "heading": "Implementation of the number portability provisions referred to in Article 106",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
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    },
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      "path": "annex/VII",
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      "number": "VII",
      "heading": "CALCULATING THE NET COST, IF ANY, OF UNIVERSAL SERVICE OBLIGATIONS AND ESTABLISHING ANY COMPENSATION OR SHARING MECHANISM IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLES 89 AND 90",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
      "parent": null
    },
    {
      "path": "annex/VII/part/A",
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      "number": "A",
      "heading": "Calculation of net cost",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/annex-VII/part-A",
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
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    {
      "path": "annex/VII/part/B",
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      "heading": "Compensation of net costs of universal service obligations",
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      "path": "annex/VIII",
      "kind": "annex",
      "number": "VIII",
      "heading": "INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS TO BE PROVIDED IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 102 (INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS FOR CONTRACTS)",
      "url": "https://openlegislation.uk/eu-directive-2018-1972/annex-VIII",
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      "path": "annex/IX",
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      "number": "IX",
      "heading": "INFORMATION TO BE PUBLISHED IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 103 (TRANSPARENCY AND PUBLICATION OF INFORMATION)",
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      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
      "status": null,
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      "path": "annex/X",
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      "heading": "QUALITY OF SERVICE PARAMETERS",
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      "path": "annex/X/division/1",
      "kind": "division",
      "number": null,
      "heading": "Quality-of-Service Parameters, Definitions and Measurement Methods referred to in Article 104",
      "url": null,
      "extent": "E+W+S+N.I.",
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      "path": "annex/X/division/1/division/1",
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